Operating System Concepts Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What type of system is a Client-Server system classified as?

  • Multi-Processor systems
  • Clustered Systems
  • Desktop Systems
  • Distributed System (correct)

    • In memory management, what does compaction aim to reduce?

  • Internal Fragmentation
  • External Fragmentation (correct)
  • Overhead allocation problem
  • All of the above

    • What typically causes traps or exceptions to occur?

  • Error, division by zero or invalid memory access (correct)
  • A process needs to call an API of its operating system
  • A process communicates with another process
  • All of the above

    • Which of the following is NOT a type of addressing in a computer system?

    <p>Virtual address</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The base register contains what information?

    <p>The first physical address of the currently running program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a deployment model of cloud computing?

    <p>Centralized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of cloud deployment models?

    <p>To specify the way of access to cloud services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What form of fragmentation is compaction aimed at alleviating?

    <p>External fragmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the kernel in an operating system?

    <p>To manage system resources and run all operating programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does virtual memory provide in an operating system?

    <p>It allows applications to use more memory than physically available</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes a Process Control Block (PCB)?

    <p>It is crucial for the operating system to manage processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an interrupt vector do in an operating system?

    <p>It transfers control to the appropriate interrupt service routine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Device Queue in an operating system?

    <p>To maintain processes awaiting an I/O operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following optimizations aims to decrease response time for processes in scheduling?

    <p>Minimizing the number of context switches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which operation is not considered a directory operation in file management?

    <p>Creating a new file</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option is least likely to be a direct result of process scheduling optimization?

    <p>Higher average waiting time for processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'process' refer to in the context of operating systems?

    <p>A passive entity that is managed by the operating system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which state is NOT a possible state of a process?

    <p>Interrupting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary purpose of Operating System Protection?

    <p>To control access to system resources by programs or users.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a file allocation method?

    <p>Discrete Allocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which context do user programs interact with memory addresses?

    <p>They operate solely on logical addresses without any relation to physical addresses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A multi-tasking system is best described as which of the following?

    <p>Time-Sharing system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cloud computing is characterized by which of the following descriptions?

    <p>Offering dynamically scalable and virtualized resources as a network service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Ready Queue consist of?

    <p>Processes in main memory ready to execute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of system calls in operating systems?

    <p>They serve as a way to request services from other programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best defines the Deadlock problem?

    <p>A set of blocked processes holding resources and waiting for others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is a bootstrap program loaded?

    <p>After power-up or reboot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary purpose of short-term schedulers is to:

    <p>Choose which job to run next</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Open(Ni)' operation do in file handling?

    <p>It moves the content of entry Ni in memory to the directory structure on disk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can processes communicate with each other?

    <p>Through data passing mechanisms provided by the operating system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used for a process that spends most of its time engaged in I/O operations?

    <p>I/O-Bound Process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a Time-Sharing system?

    <p>Multiple processes share CPU time effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of a multi-processing system?

    <p>Increases throughput</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a scheduling algorithm?

    <p>Random Execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following file types does NOT fall under the data file types?

    <p>Graphical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which advantage is associated with using virtual memory?

    <p>Allows logical address space to be larger than physical address space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a file attribute?

    <p>Size Category</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average waiting time in a FCFS scheduling algorithm for the calculated results?

    <p>$43/4$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a Non-preemptive Shortest Job First (SJF) scheduling algorithm, at which time unit does process P3 start?

    <p>$17.0$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using a multi-processing system?

    <p>Offers unlimited processing power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Operating System Concepts

    • A process is an active entity.
    • The operating system provides a mechanism for controlling access to system resources by programs or users, known as operating system protection.
    • User programs deal with logical addresses, not physical addresses.
    • Cloud computing involves providing dynamically scalable and virtualized resources as a network service.
    • System calls are triggered by hardware interrupts.
    • The bootstrap program is loaded after power-up or reboot.
    • The Open(Ni) file operation moves the contents of directory entry Ni in memory to the directory structure on disk.
    • Processes can pass data to other processes.
    • The kernel is the only program that runs continuously on the computer.
    • Virtual memory allows the logical address space to be larger than the physical address space.
    • The Process Control Block (PCB) represents each process in the operating system.
    • Interrupts transfer control to the interrupt subroutine through the interrupt vector.
    • A device queue is a set of processes waiting for an I/O device.
    • Ways to optimize scheduling include minimizing turnaround time, average waiting time, and response time.
    • Directory operations include reading from a file, searching for a file, deleting a file, and renaming a file.
    • Client-server systems are a type of distributed system.
    • In memory management, compaction reduces external fragmentation.
    • Traps or exceptions occur due to errors like division by zero, invalid memory access, and API calls.
    • The types of addressing in a computer system include physical, real, and logical addressing.
    • The base register holds the first physical address of the currently running program.
    • Deployment models for cloud computing include private, public, community, and hybrid.

    Process States

    • Processes can be in one of the following states: ready, running, interrupting, and waiting.

    File Allocation Methods

    • File allocation methods include contiguous allocation, linked allocation, and indexed allocation.

    Multitasking Systems

    • Multitasking systems include multi-programmed batch systems and time-sharing systems.

    Ready Queue

    • The ready queue is a set of all processes residing in main memory, ready and waiting to execute.

    Deadlock Problem

    • The deadlock problem occurs when a set of blocked processes each hold a resource and wait to acquire a resource held by another process in the same set.

    Short-Term Schedulers

    • Short-term schedulers select which job to run next.

    CPU-Bound Process

    • A CPU-bound process spends most of its time doing I/O requests.

    Advantages of Multi-Processing

    • The advantages of multi-processing systems include increased throughput, reliability, and the ability for other CPUs to pick up work if a CPU fails.

    Scheduling Algorithms

    • Scheduling algorithms include First Come First Served, Ideal Job First, Priority, and Round Robin.

    Data File Types

    • Data file types include numeric, character, and binary files.

    Virtual Memory Advantages

    • Advantages of virtual memory include the ability to have a logical address space larger than the physical address space, sharing address spaces between processes, more efficient process creation, and faster start-up times for new processes.

    File Attributes

    • File attributes include type, delete, location, and protection.

    Scheduling Algorithms (Numerical Examples)

    • Using FCFS scheduling, the average waiting time is 43/4.
    • Using a non-preemptive Shortest Job First (SJF) scheduling algorithm, process P3 starts at time unit 7.0.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on key operating system concepts such as processes, system calls, virtual memory, and operating system protection. This quiz covers essential topics that form the backbone of computer science and cloud computing. Explore how user programs interact with the operating system and the various mechanisms involved.

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