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What is a primary function of a Time Sharing Operating System?
What is a primary function of a Time Sharing Operating System?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a Real Time Operating System?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a Real Time Operating System?
What is a key characteristic of a Multiprocessing Operating System?
What is a key characteristic of a Multiprocessing Operating System?
Which type of operating system is designed to store multiple user programs in main memory?
Which type of operating system is designed to store multiple user programs in main memory?
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What is the primary difference between a Time Sharing Operating System and a Real Time Operating System?
What is the primary difference between a Time Sharing Operating System and a Real Time Operating System?
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Which of the following is an example of a Multiprogramming Operating System?
Which of the following is an example of a Multiprogramming Operating System?
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What is a primary benefit of a Time Sharing Operating System?
What is a primary benefit of a Time Sharing Operating System?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Time Sharing Operating System?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Time Sharing Operating System?
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What is the primary function of the bootstrap program in a computer system?
What is the primary function of the bootstrap program in a computer system?
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What is the role of the operating system kernel in a computer system?
What is the role of the operating system kernel in a computer system?
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What is the term for the process of initializing all aspects of the system?
What is the term for the process of initializing all aspects of the system?
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What is the layer of a computer system that consists of end-user applications?
What is the layer of a computer system that consists of end-user applications?
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What is the primary function of an operating system?
What is the primary function of an operating system?
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What is the term for the process of controlling hardware and software in a computer system?
What is the term for the process of controlling hardware and software in a computer system?
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What is the layer of a computer system that consists of the operating system?
What is the layer of a computer system that consists of the operating system?
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What is the primary function of the operating system kernel?
What is the primary function of the operating system kernel?
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What is the term for the process of accepting commands from the user in a computer system?
What is the term for the process of accepting commands from the user in a computer system?
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What is the layer of a computer system that consists of the physical devices?
What is the layer of a computer system that consists of the physical devices?
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What is the primary function of a multitasking operating system?
What is the primary function of a multitasking operating system?
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Which of the following operating systems is an example of a multitasking operating system?
Which of the following operating systems is an example of a multitasking operating system?
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What does a multitasking operating system do with programs in memory?
What does a multitasking operating system do with programs in memory?
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What is the purpose of assigning priority to processes in a multitasking operating system?
What is the purpose of assigning priority to processes in a multitasking operating system?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a multitasking operating system?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a multitasking operating system?
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What is the primary advantage of using a multitasking operating system?
What is the primary advantage of using a multitasking operating system?
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What does a multitasking operating system do with the processor time?
What does a multitasking operating system do with the processor time?
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What is the main difference between a multitasking operating system and a single-tasking operating system?
What is the main difference between a multitasking operating system and a single-tasking operating system?
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What is the primary function of an operating system?
What is the primary function of an operating system?
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What does an operating system shield programmers from?
What does an operating system shield programmers from?
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What is the name of the mode in which an operating system runs to protect users from tampering with hardware?
What is the name of the mode in which an operating system runs to protect users from tampering with hardware?
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What is the term used to describe the communication between the operating system and the application programs?
What is the term used to describe the communication between the operating system and the application programs?
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What is the term used to describe a computer system that supports one user at a time?
What is the term used to describe a computer system that supports one user at a time?
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What is the term used to describe a computer system that runs more than one process at a time?
What is the term used to describe a computer system that runs more than one process at a time?
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What is the role of an operating system in relation to computer hardware?
What is the role of an operating system in relation to computer hardware?
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What is the layer of software that manages all parts of the hardware and presents an interface that is easier to understand?
What is the layer of software that manages all parts of the hardware and presents an interface that is easier to understand?
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What is the term used to describe a program that manages the operations of a computer?
What is the term used to describe a program that manages the operations of a computer?
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What is the primary characteristic of a batch operating system?
What is the primary characteristic of a batch operating system?
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What happens when you boot up your computer?
What happens when you boot up your computer?
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Which of the following is an example of a batch operating system?
Which of the following is an example of a batch operating system?
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What is the primary advantage of a batch operating system?
What is the primary advantage of a batch operating system?
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What is the primary difference between a single-user and a multi-user operating system?
What is the primary difference between a single-user and a multi-user operating system?
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What is the role of an operating system in a computer system?
What is the role of an operating system in a computer system?
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What is the primary characteristic of a real-time operating system?
What is the primary characteristic of a real-time operating system?
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Which of the following is NOT a classification of operating systems?
Which of the following is NOT a classification of operating systems?
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What is the primary advantage of using a multi-user operating system?
What is the primary advantage of using a multi-user operating system?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Operating Systems
- An operating system is a layer of software that manages all parts of the hardware and presents an interface that is easier to understand.
- An operating system shields programmers from hardware complexity.
Definition of Operating Systems
- An operating system can be defined as a program that acts as an intermediary between a computer user and the computer hardware.
- An operating system is a resource allocator, resource manager, and control program.
Functions of Operating Systems
- An operating system runs in kernel or supervisor mode to protect users from tampering with hardware.
- An operating system is regarded as the one program running at all times; also called the kernel.
- System calls or extended instructions are used for communication between the operating system and the application programs.
Booting Up a Computer
- When a computer boots up, an initial program runs, also called the bootstrap program.
- The bootstrap program initializes all aspects of the system, locates the operating system, and loads the operating system kernel in memory.
Components of a Computer System
- A computer system consists of users, application programs, operating systems, and hardware.
- Components of a computer system include games, Microsoft Word, compilers, editors, command interpreters, system programs, machine language, microprogramming, and physical devices.
Layers of a Computer System
- The layers of a computer system include end users, application programs, utilities, operating systems, operating system designers, and computer hardware.
Basic Functions of an Operating System
- An operating system accepts commands from the user and provides desired services to the user and user programs.
- An operating system acts as a system manager/resource manager, controlling hardware and software and acting as an interface between the user and the system.
- An operating system manages resources of the computer effectively.
Services of an Operating System
- An operating system provides services such as usage statistics for performance improvement and protection (user, process, and data protection).
Classifications of Operating Systems
1. Multitasking Operating System
- Allows simultaneous execution of multiple programs using a single processor.
- Gives each process a certain amount of processor time to proceed.
- Keeps and manages programs kept in memory simultaneously.
- Maintains and determines the order of execution.
- Assigns priority to processes.
- Examples: macOS X, Microsoft Windows 2000, IBM's OS/390, and Linux.
2. Time Sharing Operating System
- Enables multiple simultaneous users.
- Facilitates, monitors, and controls memory, CPU, and other resources being shared by users.
- Programs are executed bit by bit.
- Examples: Multics, Unix.
3. Real Time Operating System
- Designed to respond within a certain period of time.
- Examples: Scientific experiments, medical imaging systems, industrial control systems, weapon systems, robots, and air traffic control systems.
4. Multiprogramming Operating System
- Allow for more than one active user program to be stored in main memory simultaneously.
- Examples: Windows OS and UNIX OS.
5. Multiprocessing Operating System
- Has more than one independent processing unit.
- Examples: Windows NT, 2000, XP, and Unix.
6. Batch Operating System
- Only does one thing at a time (no interrupt).
- Users submit jobs to a central place, and jobs are collected in batches.
- Batches are placed on input queues where they will be run.
- Good for processing large numbers of repetitive jobs.
- Examples: Payroll System, Bank Statements, etc.
7. Single User Operating System
- Allows one user at a time to use the computer.
8. Multi-User Operating System
- Allows for more than one user to use the computer simultaneously.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of operating systems, including their basic functions, classifications, and types such as single user and multitasking systems.
