44 Questions
What is a primary function of a Time Sharing Operating System?
To enable multiple simultaneous users and manage shared resources
Which of the following is NOT an example of a Real Time Operating System?
Windows OS
What is a key characteristic of a Multiprocessing Operating System?
To have more than one independent processing unit
Which type of operating system is designed to store multiple user programs in main memory?
Multiprogramming Operating System
What is the primary difference between a Time Sharing Operating System and a Real Time Operating System?
The response time required
Which of the following is an example of a Multiprogramming Operating System?
Windows OS
What is a primary benefit of a Time Sharing Operating System?
Efficient use of system resources
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Time Sharing Operating System?
Designed to respond within a certain period of time
What is the primary function of the bootstrap program in a computer system?
To initialize all aspects of the system
What is the role of the operating system kernel in a computer system?
To load the operating system in memory
What is the term for the process of initializing all aspects of the system?
Bootstrapping
What is the layer of a computer system that consists of end-user applications?
Application Programs
What is the primary function of an operating system?
To provide desired services to the user and user programs
What is the term for the process of controlling hardware and software in a computer system?
System Management
What is the layer of a computer system that consists of the operating system?
Operating-System
What is the primary function of the operating system kernel?
To load the operating system in memory
What is the term for the process of accepting commands from the user in a computer system?
Command Interpreting
What is the layer of a computer system that consists of the physical devices?
Computer Hardware
What is the primary function of a multitasking operating system?
To assign priority to processes and manage their execution
Which of the following operating systems is an example of a multitasking operating system?
Microsoft Windows 2000
What does a multitasking operating system do with programs in memory?
It keeps and manages them simultaneously
What is the purpose of assigning priority to processes in a multitasking operating system?
To determine the order of execution
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a multitasking operating system?
It is a single-user operating system
What is the primary advantage of using a multitasking operating system?
It allows for the simultaneous execution of multiple programs
What does a multitasking operating system do with the processor time?
It gives each process a certain amount of processor time to proceed
What is the main difference between a multitasking operating system and a single-tasking operating system?
Multitasking operating systems can execute multiple programs simultaneously
What is the primary function of an operating system?
To act as an intermediary between a computer user and the computer hardware
What does an operating system shield programmers from?
Hardware complexity
What is the name of the mode in which an operating system runs to protect users from tampering with hardware?
Kernel mode
What is the term used to describe the communication between the operating system and the application programs?
Extended instructions
What is the term used to describe a computer system that supports one user at a time?
Single-user system
What is the term used to describe a computer system that runs more than one process at a time?
Multitasking system
What is the role of an operating system in relation to computer hardware?
To manage the hardware components
What is the layer of software that manages all parts of the hardware and presents an interface that is easier to understand?
Operating system
What is the term used to describe a program that manages the operations of a computer?
System program
What is the primary characteristic of a batch operating system?
Processes a single job at a time without interrupt
What happens when you boot up your computer?
The operating system loads into memory
Which of the following is an example of a batch operating system?
Payroll System
What is the primary advantage of a batch operating system?
Efficient processing of large numbers of repetitive jobs
What is the primary difference between a single-user and a multi-user operating system?
Number of users that can access the system simultaneously
What is the role of an operating system in a computer system?
Act as an interface between the user and the computer hardware
What is the primary characteristic of a real-time operating system?
Responding to interrupts in real-time
Which of the following is NOT a classification of operating systems?
Compiler
What is the primary advantage of using a multi-user operating system?
Concurrent access to the system by multiple users
Study Notes
Introduction to Operating Systems
- An operating system is a layer of software that manages all parts of the hardware and presents an interface that is easier to understand.
- An operating system shields programmers from hardware complexity.
Definition of Operating Systems
- An operating system can be defined as a program that acts as an intermediary between a computer user and the computer hardware.
- An operating system is a resource allocator, resource manager, and control program.
Functions of Operating Systems
- An operating system runs in kernel or supervisor mode to protect users from tampering with hardware.
- An operating system is regarded as the one program running at all times; also called the kernel.
- System calls or extended instructions are used for communication between the operating system and the application programs.
Booting Up a Computer
- When a computer boots up, an initial program runs, also called the bootstrap program.
- The bootstrap program initializes all aspects of the system, locates the operating system, and loads the operating system kernel in memory.
Components of a Computer System
- A computer system consists of users, application programs, operating systems, and hardware.
- Components of a computer system include games, Microsoft Word, compilers, editors, command interpreters, system programs, machine language, microprogramming, and physical devices.
Layers of a Computer System
- The layers of a computer system include end users, application programs, utilities, operating systems, operating system designers, and computer hardware.
Basic Functions of an Operating System
- An operating system accepts commands from the user and provides desired services to the user and user programs.
- An operating system acts as a system manager/resource manager, controlling hardware and software and acting as an interface between the user and the system.
- An operating system manages resources of the computer effectively.
Services of an Operating System
- An operating system provides services such as usage statistics for performance improvement and protection (user, process, and data protection).
Classifications of Operating Systems
1. Multitasking Operating System
- Allows simultaneous execution of multiple programs using a single processor.
- Gives each process a certain amount of processor time to proceed.
- Keeps and manages programs kept in memory simultaneously.
- Maintains and determines the order of execution.
- Assigns priority to processes.
- Examples: macOS X, Microsoft Windows 2000, IBM's OS/390, and Linux.
2. Time Sharing Operating System
- Enables multiple simultaneous users.
- Facilitates, monitors, and controls memory, CPU, and other resources being shared by users.
- Programs are executed bit by bit.
- Examples: Multics, Unix.
3. Real Time Operating System
- Designed to respond within a certain period of time.
- Examples: Scientific experiments, medical imaging systems, industrial control systems, weapon systems, robots, and air traffic control systems.
4. Multiprogramming Operating System
- Allow for more than one active user program to be stored in main memory simultaneously.
- Examples: Windows OS and UNIX OS.
5. Multiprocessing Operating System
- Has more than one independent processing unit.
- Examples: Windows NT, 2000, XP, and Unix.
6. Batch Operating System
- Only does one thing at a time (no interrupt).
- Users submit jobs to a central place, and jobs are collected in batches.
- Batches are placed on input queues where they will be run.
- Good for processing large numbers of repetitive jobs.
- Examples: Payroll System, Bank Statements, etc.
7. Single User Operating System
- Allows one user at a time to use the computer.
8. Multi-User Operating System
- Allows for more than one user to use the computer simultaneously.
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of operating systems, including their basic functions, classifications, and types such as single user and multitasking systems.
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