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What is one of the main benefits of involving the open source community in software development?
What is one of the main benefits of involving the open source community in software development?
The developer of open source code completely relinquishes ownership of the code to the public.
The developer of open source code completely relinquishes ownership of the code to the public.
False
What should developers consider during software development regarding existing software?
What should developers consider during software development regarding existing software?
Reusing existing software
In open source development, the source code of a system is made __________ available.
In open source development, the source code of a system is made __________ available.
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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What does a system context model illustrate?
What does a system context model illustrate?
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An interaction model is a static model that shows how the system interacts with its environment.
An interaction model is a static model that shows how the system interacts with its environment.
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What is a design pattern in software design?
What is a design pattern in software design?
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Identifying object classes relies on skill, experience, and _____ of system designers.
Identifying object classes relies on skill, experience, and _____ of system designers.
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Which architectural pattern organizes components in a layered structure?
Which architectural pattern organizes components in a layered structure?
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There is a guaranteed formula for successfully identifying object classes in design.
There is a guaranteed formula for successfully identifying object classes in design.
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What are the two kinds of design models?
What are the two kinds of design models?
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What is the purpose of the object-oriented design process?
What is the purpose of the object-oriented design process?
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Implementation is a creative activity focused on identifying software components.
Implementation is a creative activity focused on identifying software components.
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What does COTS stand for in software development?
What does COTS stand for in software development?
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Software design is a creative activity that identifies software components and their __________ based on customer requirements.
Software design is a creative activity that identifies software components and their __________ based on customer requirements.
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Match the following design process activities with their descriptions:
Match the following design process activities with their descriptions:
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Which of the following is a common activity in an object-oriented design process?
Which of the following is a common activity in an object-oriented design process?
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Buying off-the-shelf systems is generally considered more expensive than developing custom software from scratch.
Buying off-the-shelf systems is generally considered more expensive than developing custom software from scratch.
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Why are design models important in large systems?
Why are design models important in large systems?
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What is a key characteristic of pattern descriptions in object-oriented programming?
What is a key characteristic of pattern descriptions in object-oriented programming?
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Configuration management is primarily focused on programming tasks.
Configuration management is primarily focused on programming tasks.
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Name a well-known open source product.
Name a well-known open source product.
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In open source development, source code is often __________ for users to examine and modify.
In open source development, source code is often __________ for users to examine and modify.
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Match the following open source products with their primary use:
Match the following open source products with their primary use:
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Which of the following does NOT represent an implementation issue discussed?
Which of the following does NOT represent an implementation issue discussed?
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Open source development invites volunteers to participate in the software development process.
Open source development invites volunteers to participate in the software development process.
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What is the primary focus of reuse in modern software development?
What is the primary focus of reuse in modern software development?
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Study Notes
Chapter 7 - Design and Implementation
- Software design and implementation is a stage in software engineering where an executable software system is created.
- Software design and implementation are closely linked.
- Software design involves identifying software components and their relationships based on customer requirements.
- Implementation is the process of transforming the design into a program.
- Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) systems can be adapted to meet user requirements.
- This approach is often faster and cheaper than developing a system from scratch.
- Design process is concerned with using configuration features to satisfy requirements when using COTS.
Object-Oriented Design Process
- Object-oriented design processes involve different system models.
- Development and maintenance of these models can be time-consuming, especially for smaller systems.
- Design models are crucial for communication within large projects with multiple teams.
Process Stages
- Object-oriented design processes vary based on the organization.
- Common activities include defining system context and usage, creating system architecture, identifying key objects, developing design models, and specifying object interfaces.
Context and Interaction Models
- System context models structurally show the other systems in the environment.
- Interaction models dynamically illustrate how the system interacts with its environment.
Architectural Design
- After understanding system-environment interactions, the system architecture is designed.
- Major components and their relationships are identified.
- Architectural patterns like layered or client-server models can be used to organize components.
High-Level Architecture of the Weather Station
- A diagram illustrates the major components (subsystems) and their communication links comprising a weather station (fault, configuration, power managers, communications, data collection and instruments)
Object Class Identification
- Identifying object classes is often a complex part of object-oriented design.
- There isn't a single method; experience and system designer knowledge are vital.
- Object identification is an iterative process.
Design Models
- Design models illustrate objects, their classes, and relationships.
- Two types of models exist: structural and dynamic.
- Structural models depicts the static structure of the system through objects and relationships.
- Dynamic models shows interactions between objects, showing system behavior.
Examples of Design Models
- Subsystem models: Logical groupings of objects into modules/packages.
- Sequence models: Show the order of object interactions.
- State machine models: Detail how individual objects change state in response to events.
- Other design models include use cases, aggregation, and generalization models.
Design Patterns
- Design patterns are reusable solutions to common design problems.
- A pattern describes the problem, its solution, and the solution’s essence.
- Patterns should be abstract enough for use in various situations.
- Object-oriented concepts, such as inheritance and polymorphism, are frequently incorporated in pattern descriptions.
Pattern Elements
- A meaningful identifier.
- A description of the problem.
- A description of the solution.
- A description of the consequences of applying the pattern.
Implementation Issues
- The focus is on implementation challenges beyond programming (rather than direct coding).
- Reuse existing components or systems.
- Configuration management involves tracking different versions of software components.
- Host-target development environments may be different from runtime environments.
Open Source Development
- Open source development releases source code, enabling volunteer participation in development.
- This approach stems from the Free Software Foundation, advocating for freely available source code.
Open Source Systems
- The Linux operating system is a prominent open source example.
- Other essential examples include Java, Apache web servers, and MySQL database systems.
Open Source Business
- More companies leverage open-source approaches.
- Involvement of open-source communities fosters cost-effectiveness, speed, and user communities.
Open Source Licensing
- Open source code principles often freely avail source code but also usually contain legal limitations on its use.
- The developer (individual/organization) legally owns the code.
- Licenses dictate how open-source code can be used.
- Some open source components might require new systems to also be open source.
- Other options allow reuse without restrictions.
Key Points
- Software design and implementation are interconnected.
- Object-oriented design involves architecture, object identification, model creation, documentation of interfaces, etc.
- Multiple models are often employed during development.
- Existing software, components and services should be repurposed when practical.
- Open source development encourages public release of source code.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the principles and practices of open source software development. This quiz covers critical concepts such as collaboration within the open source community, software design patterns, and design models. Perfect for students and developers looking to deepen their understanding of open source methodologies.
