OOP Concepts in Java

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Java

• Class and Object:
  • A class is a blueprint or template that defines the properties and behavior of an object.
  • An object is an instance of a class, having its own set of attributes (data) and methods (functions).
• Inheritance:
  • A child class inherits properties and behavior from a parent class.
  • Keyword: extends
• Polymorphism:
  • Method overriding: a child class provides a different implementation of a method already defined in its parent class.
  • Method overloading: multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.
• Encapsulation:
  • Hiding internal implementation details from the outside world.
  • Using access modifiers (public, private, protected) to control access to data and methods.
• Abstraction:
  • Showing only essential features to the outside world while hiding internal details.

Multithreading in Java

• Thread: a separate flow of execution that can run concurrently with other threads.
• Thread Creation:
  • Extending the Thread class.
  • Implementing the Runnable interface.
• Thread Synchronization:
  • Synchronized methods and blocks to ensure thread safety.
  • Using wait() and notify() methods to coordinate thread execution.
• Thread Communication:
  • Using join() method to wait for a thread to finish.
  • Using interrupt() method to interrupt a thread.

JavaFX

• JavaFX Overview:
  • A Java library for building GUI applications.
  • Replaces Swing and AWT.
• JavaFX Components:
  • Nodes: graphical elements such as buttons, labels, and text fields.
  • Scene: the root element of a JavaFX application.
  • Stage: the window that contains the scene.
• JavaFX Event Handling:
  • Handling events such as mouse clicks, key presses, and changes to node properties.
  • Using event handlers to respond to events.

OOP Concepts in Java

• Single Responsibility Principle (SRP):
  • A class should have only one reason to change.
  • Each class should have a single, well-defined responsibility.
• Open-Closed Principle (OCP):
  • A class should be open for extension but closed for modification.
  • Using inheritance and polymorphism to achieve OCP.
• Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP):
  • High-level modules should not depend on low-level modules, but both should depend on abstractions.
  • Using interfaces and abstract classes to achieve DIP.

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Java

• A class is a blueprint or template that defines the properties and behavior of an object.
• An object is an instance of a class, having its own set of attributes (data) and methods (functions).

Inheritance

• A child class inherits properties and behavior from a parent class using the extends keyword.

Polymorphism

• Method overriding: a child class provides a different implementation of a method already defined in its parent class.
• Method overloading: multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.

Encapsulation

• Hiding internal implementation details from the outside world.
• Using access modifiers (public, private, protected) to control access to data and methods.

Abstraction

• Showing only essential features to the outside world while hiding internal details.

Multithreading in Java

Thread

• A separate flow of execution that can run concurrently with other threads.

Thread Creation

• Extending the Thread class.
• Implementing the Runnable interface.

Thread Synchronization

• Synchronized methods and blocks to ensure thread safety.
• Using wait() and notify() methods to coordinate thread execution.

Thread Communication

• Using join() method to wait for a thread to finish.
• Using interrupt() method to interrupt a thread.

JavaFX

JavaFX Overview

• A Java library for building GUI applications, replacing Swing and AWT.

JavaFX Components

• Nodes: graphical elements such as buttons, labels, and text fields.
• Scene: the root element of a JavaFX application.
• Stage: the window that contains the scene.

JavaFX Event Handling

• Handling events such as mouse clicks, key presses, and changes to node properties.
• Using event handlers to respond to events.

OOP Concepts in Java

Single Responsibility Principle (SRP)

• A class should have only one reason to change.
• Each class should have a single, well-defined responsibility.

Open-Closed Principle (OCP)

• A class should be open for extension but closed for modification.
• Using inheritance and polymorphism to achieve OCP.

Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP)

• High-level modules should not depend on low-level modules, but both should depend on abstractions.
• Using interfaces and abstract classes to achieve DIP.