Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary responsibility of the Toronto Police Service members when encountering potentially violent situations?
What is the primary responsibility of the Toronto Police Service members when encountering potentially violent situations?
- To escalate situations to ensure compliance.
- To prioritize property protection over human life.
- To use only the force that is reasonably necessary. (correct)
- To use the maximum force necessary to control the situation.
Which of the following describes the purpose of the Ontario Use of Force Model?
Which of the following describes the purpose of the Ontario Use of Force Model?
- To provide a framework for continuous assessment of force options. (correct)
- To establish mandatory escalation tactics in response to threats.
- To justify a member's use of force in all situations.
- To dictate specific response options for every incident.
What should officers continuously consider during incidents involving the use of force?
What should officers continuously consider during incidents involving the use of force?
- The legal implications of force after the incident.
- The necessity to apply maximum force without exceptions.
- The immediate use of advanced weaponry.
- De-escalation tactics and communication methods. (correct)
How is de-escalation defined in the context of police interactions?
How is de-escalation defined in the context of police interactions?
Who ultimately decides the amount of force required in a given situation according to the guidelines?
Who ultimately decides the amount of force required in a given situation according to the guidelines?
What is the first required notification when a firearm is discharged?
What is the first required notification when a firearm is discharged?
Which of the following is NOT an authorized use of force option for police officers?
Which of the following is NOT an authorized use of force option for police officers?
Under what circumstance can police officers discharge a firearm at the operator of a motor vehicle?
Under what circumstance can police officers discharge a firearm at the operator of a motor vehicle?
Which principle constrains the use of force by members authorized to use it?
Which principle constrains the use of force by members authorized to use it?
What type of training is mandatory for police officers authorized to use force?
What type of training is mandatory for police officers authorized to use force?
When is a member allowed to use techniques outside of prescribed training?
When is a member allowed to use techniques outside of prescribed training?
What qualifies as a weapon of opportunity in police work?
What qualifies as a weapon of opportunity in police work?
What is the function of the Firearm Discharge Investigator (FDI) in scenarios involving firearm discharges?
What is the function of the Firearm Discharge Investigator (FDI) in scenarios involving firearm discharges?
In what instance can force be used against a fleeing suspect?
In what instance can force be used against a fleeing suspect?
What is the consequence for using unjustified or excessive force according to the Criminal Code?
What is the consequence for using unjustified or excessive force according to the Criminal Code?
Why must officers avoid discharging a firearm at a motor vehicle to disable it?
Why must officers avoid discharging a firearm at a motor vehicle to disable it?
What is the primary purpose of handcuffs and other authorized restraining devices?
What is the primary purpose of handcuffs and other authorized restraining devices?
When is it permissible for police officers to use their baton or OC spray?
When is it permissible for police officers to use their baton or OC spray?
Which element must be considered when determining if the use of force was justified?
Which element must be considered when determining if the use of force was justified?
What is the primary reason an officer is prohibited from using force that may cause death or grievous bodily harm?
What is the primary reason an officer is prohibited from using force that may cause death or grievous bodily harm?
Which action constitutes a failure to comply with the duty to report misconduct?
Which action constitutes a failure to comply with the duty to report misconduct?
Under what circumstance is a Use of Force Report NOT required?
Under what circumstance is a Use of Force Report NOT required?
What should be included in the documentation of a misconduct incident?
What should be included in the documentation of a misconduct incident?
Which item is considered a weapon for the purpose of Use of Force reporting?
Which item is considered a weapon for the purpose of Use of Force reporting?
What is the goal of collecting race and identity-based data according to the regulations?
What is the goal of collecting race and identity-based data according to the regulations?
What could be a consequence of failing to report misconduct in law enforcement?
What could be a consequence of failing to report misconduct in law enforcement?
When submitting a Use of Force Report, what should an officer consider?
When submitting a Use of Force Report, what should an officer consider?
Which of the following actions would require a Use of Force Report?
Which of the following actions would require a Use of Force Report?
What is required of team reports in cases where force is displayed?
What is required of team reports in cases where force is displayed?
What type of actions are categorized as misconduct under the regulations?
What type of actions are categorized as misconduct under the regulations?
Who is ultimately responsible for submitting the Use of Force Report?
Who is ultimately responsible for submitting the Use of Force Report?
Which of the following best describes the objective of a Use of Force Report?
Which of the following best describes the objective of a Use of Force Report?
What does the abbreviation 'PSA' refer to in the context of misconduct reporting?
What does the abbreviation 'PSA' refer to in the context of misconduct reporting?
What is the first action that should be taken in critical situations, when tactically appropriate?
What is the first action that should be taken in critical situations, when tactically appropriate?
When should a Use of Force Report be submitted to a supervisor?
When should a Use of Force Report be submitted to a supervisor?
What should be done immediately after discharging a firearm at unauthorized times?
What should be done immediately after discharging a firearm at unauthorized times?
What is required after a CEW has been used as a Demonstrated Force Presence?
What is required after a CEW has been used as a Demonstrated Force Presence?
What shall be completed when reportable force is used?
What shall be completed when reportable force is used?
Who must be notified if a probationary constable is involved in a Use of Force incident?
Who must be notified if a probationary constable is involved in a Use of Force incident?
What should be ensured by a supervisory officer upon receipt of a Use of Force Report?
What should be ensured by a supervisory officer upon receipt of a Use of Force Report?
What actions should a supervisory officer take when notified of a firearm discharge incident?
What actions should a supervisory officer take when notified of a firearm discharge incident?
What type of report should be completed when an injury to a subject has occurred from applied force?
What type of report should be completed when an injury to a subject has occurred from applied force?
Upon identifying critical incident stress after a Use of Force Report, what should be done?
Upon identifying critical incident stress after a Use of Force Report, what should be done?
What is the role of the Officer in Charge when a firearm discharge occurs, in relation to evidence?
What is the role of the Officer in Charge when a firearm discharge occurs, in relation to evidence?
What should the Unit Commander be informed about regarding training recommendations?
What should the Unit Commander be informed about regarding training recommendations?
What should members do to ensure controlled responses in decision making during a Use of Force incident?
What should members do to ensure controlled responses in decision making during a Use of Force incident?
What is the maximum time frame within which the Use of Force Report and all applicable forms must be forwarded to the Training Analyst?
What is the maximum time frame within which the Use of Force Report and all applicable forms must be forwarded to the Training Analyst?
What must an Officer in Charge do upon being notified of a firearm discharge, regardless of resulting injury or death?
What must an Officer in Charge do upon being notified of a firearm discharge, regardless of resulting injury or death?
Which documents must be completed and forwarded in conjunction with the Use of Force Report?
Which documents must be completed and forwarded in conjunction with the Use of Force Report?
Who is responsible for taking charge of the investigation after a firearm discharge incident?
Who is responsible for taking charge of the investigation after a firearm discharge incident?
What must be included in the Unit Commander’s Morning Report (UCMR) after a firearm discharge?
What must be included in the Unit Commander’s Morning Report (UCMR) after a firearm discharge?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Incident Review Committee (IRC)?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Incident Review Committee (IRC)?
What action should be taken if a training issue is identified during the review of a Use of Force report?
What action should be taken if a training issue is identified during the review of a Use of Force report?
Upon receiving a Use of Force report, who must be informed of any misconduct or training issues?
Upon receiving a Use of Force report, who must be informed of any misconduct or training issues?
Which type of firearm is primarily designed to be fired using one hand?
Which type of firearm is primarily designed to be fired using one hand?
What action is required upon the occurrence of critical incident stress after a Use of Force report is received?
What action is required upon the occurrence of critical incident stress after a Use of Force report is received?
Which of the following is NOT considered a type of firearm under the definition provided?
Which of the following is NOT considered a type of firearm under the definition provided?
How should the completed Use of Force Report be submitted after review?
How should the completed Use of Force Report be submitted after review?
Which term refers to the discharge of a firearm to end the life of a potentially dangerous animal?
Which term refers to the discharge of a firearm to end the life of a potentially dangerous animal?
What must occur before the Use of Force Report can be used in promotion considerations?
What must occur before the Use of Force Report can be used in promotion considerations?
Who is responsible for directing requests related to the Municipal Freedom of Information & Protection of Privacy Act?
Who is responsible for directing requests related to the Municipal Freedom of Information & Protection of Privacy Act?
What training requirement applies to police members who may be required to use force?
What training requirement applies to police members who may be required to use force?
Which options are acceptable for Special Constables and Auxiliary Members to use?
Which options are acceptable for Special Constables and Auxiliary Members to use?
What is a condition under which police officers may draw or discharge a firearm?
What is a condition under which police officers may draw or discharge a firearm?
In the case of a firearm discharge, who is the primary investigator?
In the case of a firearm discharge, who is the primary investigator?
What must members consider continuously when using force?
What must members consider continuously when using force?
Which of the following actions is permitted regarding the use of a service-issued baton?
Which of the following actions is permitted regarding the use of a service-issued baton?
Which of the following is prohibited regarding firearm discharge?
Which of the following is prohibited regarding firearm discharge?
What is required after officers use OC aerosol spray?
What is required after officers use OC aerosol spray?
What should happen when a Service firearm is discharged?
What should happen when a Service firearm is discharged?
Which devices are NOT allowed for Special Constables and Auxiliary Members?
Which devices are NOT allowed for Special Constables and Auxiliary Members?
Who makes the final determination on individual training for members?
Who makes the final determination on individual training for members?
What primary responsibility does a Unit Commander have when a training issue is identified?
What primary responsibility does a Unit Commander have when a training issue is identified?
Study Notes
Rationale and Philosophy of Use of Force
- Protection of life is prioritized over property by the Toronto Police Service.
- Force must be reasonably necessary to manage incidents effectively and safely.
- The Ontario Use of Force Model aids in critical assessment of situations and offers a framework for understanding use of force incidents.
- The decision to use force lies with the involved officer, influenced by training and legal standards.
- De-escalation and communication are essential tactics to minimize force application.
Supervisory Responsibilities
- Mandatory notification and attendance of a Supervisory Officer when firearms are discharged or electric weapons are utilized.
- Immediate notification of the Officer in Charge must occur following a firearm discharge.
- Firearm Discharge Investigator must be notified for firearm discharge incidents.
Legal Framework
- Under the Criminal Code, individuals can use force when executing law enforcement duties, but are liable for excessive or unjustified force.
- Officers must have completed required training courses on the use of force per Ontario Regulation 926/90.
Approved and Intermediate Force Options
- Officers are equipped with firearms, OC spray, and batons; alternative weapons require Solicitor General approval.
- Intermediate force options include batons and CEWs for situations like personal safety and controlling violent situations.
- Weapons of opportunity may be utilized when approved options are unavailable.
Use of Restraining Devices
- Restraining devices, authorized by the Chief of Police, are permitted for controlling violent individuals and during prisoner transfers.
Fleeing Suspects
- Police may use necessary force, potentially lethal, against fleeing suspects under specific legal conditions.
Firearm Discharge Policy
- Officers are prohibited from firing at vehicles to disable them or at unthreatened occupants unless facing immediate danger.
Principles Governing Use of Force
- Use of force is constrained by proportionality, necessity, and reasonableness; excessive force can lead to criminal charges.
- Officers must assess subjective belief of danger against objective reasonableness of force applied.
Duty to Report and Intervene
- Officers must report and intervene in misconduct of fellow members to uphold community trust and service integrity.
Use of Force Reporting
- Use of Force Reports are required for various scenarios, including physical force resulting in injury or firearm discharge.
- Each officer only references subjects they directly engaged with during incidents in their reports.
Race and Identity-Based Data Collection
- Reports must include officers' perceived race of individuals involved per Ontario Regulation 267/18, promoting transparency in policing.
Special Constables and Auxiliary Members
- Non-firearm issued members have access to specific tools like batons and pepper gel; they adhere to the same use of force procedures as regular officers.
Additional Investigative Requirements
- Discharged firearms trigger administrative investigations, with specific roles assigned for oversight and report generation.
Training Compliance
- Members must complete use of force training every 12 months, including de-escalation techniques, and strictly adhere to prescribed force options.
Restrictions on Firearm Usage
- Officers must have reasonable grounds to draw or discharge firearms; warning shots and negligent discharges are prohibited.
Additional Guidelines for Critical Situations
- Officers are advised to disengage from confrontation when safe, contain scenes, and call for supervisory support and medical assistance when necessary.### Use of Force Procedures
- Compliance with Procedure 10–06 is mandatory when injury results from the use of force.
- Ensure medical attention for injured persons and make reasonable efforts to alleviate their discomfort.
- Notify the communications operator for the presence of a supervisory officer and paramedics if necessary.
Reporting Requirements
- A Use of Force Report must be submitted before the end of the duty tour if:
- Physical force causes injury requiring medical attention.
- A handgun is drawn in public view.
- A firearm is discharged or pointed.
- A weapon other than a firearm is used on another person.
- A Conducted Energy Weapon (CEW) is used in various modes or discharges unintentionally.
CEW Guidelines
- Compliance with Procedure 15–09 is required when using CEW in any method mentioned.
Firearm Discharge Protocol
- Report any firearm discharge not at an authorized range immediately to a supervisory officer and the division Officer in Charge.
- Firearm discharge includes both intentional and unintentional actions regardless of injury caused but excludes authorized range activities.
Post-Event Reporting
- Complete and submit the following reports after the event:
- Use of Force Report for reportable force incidents.
- TPS 105 for injuries from applied force.
- TPS 584 for CEW incidents.
- Reports must be electronically submitted before ending the duty tour.
Training and Reviews
- Attend additional force training if recommended by the Unit Commander.
- Conduct reviews on the usage of force, Body Worn Camera, and in-car footage when involving probationary constables.
Investigation Responsibilities
- Upon firearm discharge notification, a supervisory officer must ensure the scene is secured and evidence collected, while keeping the Officer in Charge updated.
- Upon receipt of a Use of Force Report, the investigating supervisor must review the incident for appropriateness of force used and ensure the report's accuracy.
Documentation and Submission
- All relevant reports, including TPS 105, TPS 584, and TPS 586, must be completed and submitted within specified timeframes.
- Recommendations for further training or action must be documented and sent to appropriate personnel.
Definitions and Roles
- Authorized Range refers to shooting ranges operated by police services or approved private entities.
- Conducted Energy Weapon (CEW) is a device that conducts energy via propelled wires affecting motor functions.
- Firearm Discharge Investigator (FDI) is an appointed individual responsible for investigating firearm discharge incidents within the service.
Incident Review Committee (IRC)
- The IRC reviews use of force incidents, assesses training effectiveness, and reports findings to senior management.
- Committee includes various unit commanders and representatives from diverse sections related to governance and public safety.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Ontario Use of Force Model as it pertains to the Toronto Police Service. This quiz covers the principles of protecting life and the judicious use of force. Understand the responsibilities of police members in maintaining safety and human life.
