Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a contraindication for the use of diphenoxylate with atropine?
What is a contraindication for the use of diphenoxylate with atropine?
- CNS depressants (correct)
- Hypertension
- Diabetes
- Asthma
What is a non-pharmacological measure to manage diarrhea?
What is a non-pharmacological measure to manage diarrhea?
- Use antibiotics
- Use antacids
- Increase fluid intake
- Take clear liquids (correct)
What is a potential side effect of long-term use of diphenoxylate with atropine?
What is a potential side effect of long-term use of diphenoxylate with atropine?
- Paralytic ileus (correct)
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
When should metoclopramide be given to help with GI emptying?
When should metoclopramide be given to help with GI emptying?
What is a potential cause of diarrhea?
What is a potential cause of diarrhea?
What should be monitored in patients taking promethazine?
What should be monitored in patients taking promethazine?
What is a potential interaction with diphenoxylate with atropine?
What is a potential interaction with diphenoxylate with atropine?
What should be assessed in patients taking antiemetics?
What should be assessed in patients taking antiemetics?
What is a teaching instruction for patients taking antiemetics?
What is a teaching instruction for patients taking antiemetics?
What is a potential risk of using antiemetics?
What is a potential risk of using antiemetics?
What is a potential side effect of ondansetron?
What is a potential side effect of ondansetron?
What is the mechanism of action of bisacodyl?
What is the mechanism of action of bisacodyl?
What is a contraindication for the use of bisacodyl?
What is a contraindication for the use of bisacodyl?
What is the primary action of ondansetron in the treatment of nausea and vomiting?
What is the primary action of ondansetron in the treatment of nausea and vomiting?
What is the primary goal of administering bisacodyl to a patient?
What is the primary goal of administering bisacodyl to a patient?
What is a common nonpharmacologic measure to manage vomiting?
What is a common nonpharmacologic measure to manage vomiting?
What is a potential side effect of promethazine?
What is a potential side effect of promethazine?
What is a potential complication of untreated constipation?
What is a potential complication of untreated constipation?
Why is it important to assess a patient's abdomen before administering bisacodyl?
Why is it important to assess a patient's abdomen before administering bisacodyl?
What is the classification of bisacodyl as a laxative?
What is the classification of bisacodyl as a laxative?
What is the primary use of metoclopramide in the management of gastrointestinal disorders?
What is the primary use of metoclopramide in the management of gastrointestinal disorders?
What is a potential risk factor for bowel obstruction?
What is a potential risk factor for bowel obstruction?
What is the primary action of ondansetron?
What is the primary action of ondansetron?
What is a contraindication for the use of promethazine?
What is a contraindication for the use of promethazine?
What is a non-pharmacological treatment for constipation?
What is a non-pharmacological treatment for constipation?
What is a potential interaction of promethazine with other medications?
What is a potential interaction of promethazine with other medications?
What is the most common side effect of bisacodyl?
What is the most common side effect of bisacodyl?
What is a potential interaction with bisacodyl?
What is a potential interaction with bisacodyl?
What is the primary action of metoclopramide in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders?
What is the primary action of metoclopramide in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders?
What is the primary indication for the use of bisacodyl?
What is the primary indication for the use of bisacodyl?
What is a common side effect of ondansetron?
What is a common side effect of ondansetron?
What is the action of bisacodyl as a laxative?
What is the action of bisacodyl as a laxative?
What is a potential interaction between bisacodyl and another medication?
What is a potential interaction between bisacodyl and another medication?
What is a side effect of bisacodyl?
What is a side effect of bisacodyl?
What is a nonpharmacologic measure to manage diarrhea?
What is a nonpharmacologic measure to manage diarrhea?
What is a contraindication for bisacodyl?
What is a contraindication for bisacodyl?
What is a characteristic of antiemetics?
What is a characteristic of antiemetics?
What is the purpose of ondansetron in cancer chemotherapy?
What is the purpose of ondansetron in cancer chemotherapy?
What is a nursing intervention for patients taking laxatives?
What is a nursing intervention for patients taking laxatives?
What is a result of bisacodyl's action?
What is a result of bisacodyl's action?
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Study Notes
Medication for Gastrointestinal Disorders
- Antiemetics:
- Indications: vomiting, diarrhea, motion sickness, and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
- Contraindications: glaucoma, CNS depression, GI obstruction, hemorrhage, or perforation
- Side effects: drowsiness, dry mouth and eyes, photosensitivity, urinary retention/constipation, EPS
- Examples: promethazine, ondansetron, metoclopramide
- Antidiarrheals:
- Indications: diarrhea, fecal impaction, laxative abuse, malabsorption disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, and stress
- Contraindications: similar to opioids and anticholinergics
- Side effects: long-term use – paralytic ileus
- Examples: diphenoxylate with atropine
- Laxatives:
- Indications: constipation, bowel prep, short-term treatment for constipation
- Types: osmotic (saline), stimulant (bisacodyl), bulk-forming (Metamucil), and emollient (stool softeners – docusate sodium)
- Contraindications: undiagnosed abdominal pain, inflammatory disorders of the GI tract, bowel obstruction, fecal impaction, pregnancy
Nursing Process
- Assessment:
- Medical/medication history
- Baseline vital signs
- Bowel sounds, diarrhea
- Narcotic use history
- Interventions/Teaching:
- Monitor VS, fluid/electrolyte status
- Notify HCP if diarrhea continues longer than 48 hours or acute abdominal pain occurs
- Do not take with CNS depressants
- Take medication as prescribed
- Drink a lot of fluids
- No fried foods or milk products
- Constipation can result from overuse
Practice Questions
- Ondansetron:
- Side effects: headache, dizziness, and fatigue
- Bisacodyl (Dulcolax):
- Action: increases peristalsis by direct effect on intestinal smooth muscle
- Contraindications: appendicitis, inflammatory disorders of the GI tract, bowel obstruction, fecal impaction, pregnancy
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