Oncology Study Notes Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is an early sign of superior vena cava syndrome?

Mental status changes

Cyanosis

Arm edema

Periorbital edema (correct)

Which laboratory result would prompt the nurse to initiate bleeding precautions?

An ammonia level of 20 mcg/dL

A clotting time of 10 minutes

A white blood cell count of 5,000/mm3

A platelet count of 50,000/mm3 (correct)

What serious late sign may indicate hypercalcemia in a client with metastatic prostate cancer?

Dysphagia

Electrocardiographic changes (correct)

Constipation

Headache

What statement indicates the need for further teaching regarding self-care during the nadir phase?

"I'm going to take aspirin for my headache as soon as I get home." Signup and view all the answers

Which finding results from the massive cell destruction due to chemotherapy in a client with leukemia?

Increased uric acid level Signup and view all the answers

While advising a client taking cyclophosphamide, what is a crucial instruction?

Increase fluid intake to 2000 to 3000 mL daily. Signup and view all the answers

What symptom would suggest a potentially toxic effect of daunorubicin in a client with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?

Fever Signup and view all the answers

What is a common concern related to the administration of intravenous therapy in the antecubital area?

Discomfort from extravasation Signup and view all the answers

What is a suitable nursing statement to comfort a child experiencing aching and cramping in a missing limb after amputation?

This normally occurs after the surgery and we will teach you ways to deal with it. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best nursing response for a breastfeeding mother with mastitis who is on antibiotics?

Continue breast feeding, this is not a contraindication. Signup and view all the answers

What type of healing is indicated by a wound that has healed with minimal scarring from a Basal Carcinoma In Situ removal?

Primary intention Signup and view all the answers

A patient receiving chemotherapy develops mouth sores. What is the most appropriate explanation from the nurse?

The cells in the mouth are sensitive to the chemotherapy. Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is commonly expected to prevent cerebral edema after a craniotomy?

Steroids Signup and view all the answers

How does a high-fiber diet contribute to a decreased risk of colon cancer?

Promotes the excretion of bile. Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected impact of age on pain tolerance in an elderly patient with cancer?

Be lowered. Signup and view all the answers

Which option best describes the expected outcome of pain management strategies for a child post-amputation?

Child will develop coping mechanisms over time. Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention should be assigned to the LPN?

Care for the client going for an MRI of the kidneys. Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing action exemplifies the ethical principle of paternalism?

The nurse tells the client that if he does not eat, a feeding tube will be placed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best response the nurse can provide to the client diagnosed with cancer who is concerned about their young children?

'You are afraid of dying and what will happen to your children.' Signup and view all the answers

Which discharge instruction should the nurse give to a client with a continent urinary diversion?

Instruct the client on how to pouch the stoma. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse teach regarding the care of a cutaneous ileal conduit?

Inform the client that large clumps of mucus are expected. Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment data after ureterosigmoidostomy requires notifying the HCP?

The client is lying in a fetal position and has a rigid abdomen. Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing action is most appropriate for a post-operative client with a WBC of 22,000 mm/dL?

Consulting with the physician for further evaluation. Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial for a nurse to provide in discharge instructions for a client with a stoma?

Ensure the client understands signs of infection. Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate response when a client asks about the development of sores in their mouth due to radiation?

The sores result because the cells in the mouth are sensitive to the radiation. Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing care measure is best for a client who develops stomatitis during radiation therapy?

Rinsing the mouth every two hours with a dilute mouthwash. Signup and view all the answers

What is a true statement regarding the chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)?

It is a systemic treatment affecting both tumor and normal cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency for males to perform testicular exams after age 30?

Testicular exams should be performed after a warm bath or shower. Signup and view all the answers

If a client with adenocarcinoma of the rectum has positive peritoneal lymph nodes, what is the most likely next site of metastasis?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

In response to a client's anxiety about treatment and loss of femininity after a hysterectomy for cervical cancer, what should the nurse do?

Provide the client with adequate information about the effects of treatment on sexual functioning. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate nursing intervention to promote a cheerful and optimistic environment for a client undergoing treatment?

Keep conversations light and positive. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective way to ensure a client who is undergoing treatment has time to think things through?

Limit visitors to promote privacy. Signup and view all the answers

High uric acid levels may develop in clients receiving chemotherapy due to which reason?

Rapid cell catabolism. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement indicates that a cancer patient is successfully adapting to hair loss due to chemotherapy?

"I washed my wig today." Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate discharge instruction for a patient with breast cancer who has developed myelosuppression?

Avoid activities that may cause bleeding. Signup and view all the answers

Antimetabolites used for cancer treatment primarily work by:

Inhibiting cell growth and proliferation. Signup and view all the answers

The synthetic cannabis derivative dronabinol (Marinol) can be used to treat cancer patients for which condition?

Nausea. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding lung cancer is incorrect?

Small-cell lung cancer has an excellent prognosis. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a common systemic side effect of external radiation treatment for laryngeal cancer?

Dry desquamation of the skin Signup and view all the answers

When educating a client about external radiation treatments, what should the nurse emphasize?

Not using soap on the treatment area and ink markings. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse keep in mind when assessing the skin of a client undergoing external radiation therapy?

Most skin changes occur 4-8 weeks after the start of radiation. Signup and view all the answers

How should care for a client undergoing brachytherapy be assigned?

On a rotating basis among nonpregnant nursing staff. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement should the nurse make regarding the effects of radiation on blood cells?

Bone marrow and therefore blood cells are affected with almost all ports of radiation. Signup and view all the answers

How should the nurse interpret a client's temperature of 101.4 F after chemotherapy?

It indicates a sign of infection, which needs to be reported immediately. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse base their response on when a client reports nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy?

They typically peak in the first 12 hours. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is most likely to increase the risk of skin reactions in clients receiving radiation therapy?

Existing conditions that impair blood flow. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the timeline for skin changes in clients undergoing radiation?

Most alterations in the skin occur 4-8 weeks after radiation begins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate action for nurses taking care of clients receiving brachytherapy?

Rotate care assignments to limit radiation exposure. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Oncology Drills Study Notes

Pain Management for Bone Metastasis: Mr. Perez is in continuous bone pain from cancer metastasis. Pain medication relief is limited, and he refuses to move. The nurse should prioritize gentle assistance with care and reassure the patient.
Radiation Therapy Complications: A client with breast cancer receiving radiation therapy is experiencing fatigue, apathy, and difficulty concentrating. These symptoms are consistent with fatigue, not hypocalcemia, radiation pneumonitis, or advanced breast cancer.
5-Fluorouracil (5FU) Chemotherapy: 5FU is used as an adjunct to surgery. Chemotherapy affects both normal and tumor cells, and is frequently used as a palliative measure, not a cure.
Laryngeal Cancer Manifestations: Early signs of laryngeal cancer include hoarseness. Stomatitis, airway obstruction, and dysphagia are not early indicators.
Myasthenia Gravis and Immunosuppressive Therapy: Immunosuppressive therapy for myasthenia gravis promotes the removal of antibodies that impair neuromuscular impulse transmission. It decreases the production of auto-antibodies attacking acetylcholine receptors.
Irreversible Stage of Carcinogenesis: Progression stage of carcinogenesis is considered irreversible.
Early Adaptation in Renal Carcinoma: Early adaptation in clients with renal carcinoma is not detailed.
Hodgkin's Disease Biopsy: Post-excisional cervical lymph node biopsy, priority nursing assessments include vital signs, airway, and incision site. Level of consciousness comes later.
Cancer Patient Nutrition: Clients undergoing chemotherapy often have difficulty with the taste or appeal of food. The nurse should provide oral care and discuss the client's concerns with healthcare providers.
Orchiectomy Procedure: An orchiectomy involves surgical removal of a testicle, not the scrotum, related lymph nodes, or a portion of the penis.
Barium Enema Preparation: Clients undergoing barium enema prior to a colon cancer evaluation should be instructed to swallow radiopaque tablets for the evening before the procedure. Laxatives and cleansing enemas may be given the night before, but these notes specifically suggest radiopaque tablets an evening prior and a no-CBR protocol the day of.
Colon Cancer Prevention: Including more fresh fruits and vegetables in one's diet is a positive approach to colon cancer prevention.
Pheochromocytoma Assessment: When a client is experiencing symptoms of Pheochromocytoma (e.g., sweating, palpitation, headache), first priority is to obtain blood pressure since these are symptoms consistent with a life-threatening situation. Pulse, pupil reaction, and grip strength are not the top concerns.
Malignant Melanoma Assessment: A malignant melanoma lesion is characterized by asymmetry, irregular borders, and an uneven color.
Hospice Care for Cancer Clients: Nurses planning care for clients in hospice should prioritize a nursing diagnosis related to the client's emotional well-being (i.e. anticipatory grieving, anxiety, or altered self concept) and the outcome that includes ways the client can address these feelings.
Discharge Instructions for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lip: Discharge instructions should include monitoring for any sores that do not heal around the mouth.
Nursing Prioritization in Outpatient Surgery: The nurse should prioritize the client who is most in need, and that likely has the most urgency (for example: patient who had surgery 3 hrs prior vs. patient waiting to have surgery a couple hours later in the day = priority is given to the immediate post-op).
Modifiable Risk Factors for Bladder Cancer: Cigarette smoking is a modifiable risk factor for bladder cancer. Pelvic radiation therapy, previous exposure to chemicals and parasitic infections of the bladder are not directly modifiable choices.
Testicular Cancer: Teaching clients performing self-examination on their testicles should include performing the exam while lying down. Checking after a shower is a good practice.
Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer: A high-calorie diet, smoked, highly salted and spiced food, and nitrates in one's diet are considered risk factors.
Nursing Actions for Clients Refuse to Eat: Instead of insisting the client eat, focus on providing oral care and addressing concerns about the taste or appeal of food.
Anticipated Side-Effects of Chemotherapy: Client receiving chemotherapy may experience nausea or vomiting.
Common Lung Cancer Symptoms: The most common symptom of lung cancer for clients in smoking cessation classes is coughing and pain management.
Cancer Pain Management: When treating cancer pain, administering a narcotic with non-narcotic is a powerful combination to enhance pain relief.
Cancer Chemotherapy and Palliative Care: Cancer chemotherapy primarily aims at providing palliative care, not a cure.
Cancer Chemotherapy and Risk Factors: The combination of chemotherapy and risk factors associated with cancer are not listed here.
Nursing Care for clients with Testicular Cancer: Maintaining good hygiene is a key element to promote healthy skin, especially in those undergoing treatment.
Discharge Instructions for Ileal Conduit: Teaching should include skin care and pouching procedures.
Nursing Prioritization for Clients with Cancer: While many factors are important, the priority is usually the client who is most unstable or in immediate danger (e.g., patient needing a specific medication, acute pain, etc.).
Pain Assessment: The nurse should assess the client's pain using various measurement scales, and nonverbal cues. The nurse's impression of pain is not the primary factor.
Client Teaching After Radiation Therapy: Nurses providing instructions should emphasize the need to keep the stoma (surgical opening) clean and dry and avoid excessive heat or pressure in that area to avoid discomfort.
Risk Assessment Following Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: Risk assessment should consider client expectations and doubts and keeping visitors to a minimum as well as addressing psychosocial factors.
Discharge Instructions for Lymphedema Prevention: To help prevent lymphedema following mastectomy, the nurse should educate clients to support the affected arm above the heart level, use loose-fitting clothing, and avoid repetitive movements for approximately 6 weeks after the surgery.
Nursing Care for Clients Receiving Internal Radiation: Nurses should not allow pregnant women (or women of childbearing age) to enter the client's room without appropriate protection. The amount of time spent in the room is not the critical factor, since the primary risk is the exposure to radiation for those who are most at-risk for pregnancy. Use of proper safety precautions is the main priority.
Answer Key (Assessment Questions): Separate this from the above list to indicate the correct answer for each question.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key oncology concepts, including pain management for bone metastasis, radiation therapy complications, and chemotherapy with 5-Fluorouracil. This quiz covers important manifestations of various cancers and treatments for conditions like Myasthenia Gravis. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.