Medical Services - Infectious Disease - 1
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Questions and Answers

What types of diseases are OPD employees training to be aware of during their duties?

  • Only environmental hazards
  • Both blood-borne and airborne pathogens (correct)
  • Only airborne pathogens
  • Only blood-borne diseases

    • What measures does the Omaha Police Department implement for the safety of its employees?

  • Offering leisure activities
  • Providing training, immunizations, and personal protective equipment (correct)
  • Providing first aid kits only
  • Limiting duty hours

    • What role is assigned to specific employees in the OPD regarding contaminated items?

  • To oversee uniform design
  • To process contaminated items for decontamination (correct)
  • To conduct public awareness campaigns
  • To distribute uniforms

    • Which of the following is NOT considered an airborne pathogen?

    <p>HIV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body fluids are recognized as linked to the transmission of HIV and/or HBV?

    <p>Blood, semen, and vaginal secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'contamination' refer to in the context of OPD policies?

    <p>The presence of blood or body fluids on surfaces or objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the post-exposure reporting process at OPD?

    <p>To evaluate and treat potential exposures to infectious diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following diseases is considered a communicable disease that OPD employees should be aware of?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step if a source patient refuses to provide a voluntary blood sample?

    <p>Contact the Employee Resources Sergeant immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does the Hepatitis B vaccination series take to complete?

    <p>6–8 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for scheduling the vaccinations for at-risk employees?

    <p>The employee themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of training will at-risk employees receive initially?

    <p>Classroom instruction on PPE and exposure precautions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if an employee refuses an immunization?

    <p>It must be documented and kept on file.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who maintains the confidential records of infectious disease exposures?

    <p>The City Human Resources Department.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT included in the confidential records maintained by the City Human Resources Department?

    <p>Personal identification details</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Training Unit commander regarding employee training?

    <p>To consult state guidelines for training requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who has access to an employee's medical records?

    <p>The City Human Resources Director or a designated representative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done if there is a breach in confidentiality rights?

    <p>The Employee Resources Sergeant will investigate it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should employees do with their hands when searching a subject's belongings?

    <p>Empty the contents of the belongings before searching.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first action to take if a subject has body fluids on them?

    <p>Notify relevant support personnel during transfer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should happen to contaminated uniforms immediately?

    <p>Change them immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should an employee do after using an item from a safety kit?

    <p>Advise their sergeant/supervisor and return the kit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it allowed to wash contaminated clothing at home?

    <p>As long as regular washing cycles are used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with uncontaminated items from a safety kit?

    <p>Reissue on an individual basis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should employees do after handling bodily fluids, even while wearing gloves?

    <p>Wash their hands as soon as possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should employees NOT do with an OPD biohazard bag?

    <p>Dispose of it in a private trash receptacle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a component of the safety kit issued to police vehicles?

    <p>First aid kit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done if there is a substantial amount of body fluid on contaminated materials?

    <p>Double-bag the materials securely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical step before searching a subject's pockets?

    <p>Perform a cursory search for weapons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required when an employee’s uniform is contaminated during 'B' Shift?

    <p>Contact the Employee Resources Sergeant by the end of the shift.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should contaminated clothing be handled when removing it?

    <p>Handle it as little as possible to prevent air contamination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of decontamination?

    <p>To remove or inactivate pathogenic microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a bodily fluid that can potentially transmit infections?

    <p>Tears</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Significant exposure occurs under which circumstance?

    <p>When bodily fluids have entered an employee's body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of wearing gloves according to Universal Precautions?

    <p>To prevent hand contact with contaminated surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by universal precautions?

    <p>Standards applied to tasks involving all bodily fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease requires avoiding close contact in confined spaces and may necessitate wearing a mask?

    <p>Meningitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done immediately if protective equipment becomes penetrated by blood?

    <p>Remove the equipment and clean the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes occupational exposure?

    <p>Contact with potentially infectious materials through job duties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended first step to take after a significant exposure incident occurs?

    <p>Report to a healthcare professional for evaluation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method mentioned for ensuring safe working conditions?

    <p>Smoking in work areas to relieve stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should contaminated protective equipment be handled after use?

    <p>Dispose of it in designated areas or containers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major symptom of Tuberculosis?

    <p>Persistent cough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions is most important for preventing the spread of pathogens?

    <p>Hand hygiene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided around body fluid spills?

    <p>Eating or drinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the Employee Resources Sergeant after notifying the command officer about the contaminated item?

    <p>To ensure timely delivery of the contaminated clothing to the cleaners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should an affected employee do first after a possible Significant Exposure?

    <p>Contact their immediate supervisor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should an employee do if a stain remains on their uniform after dry cleaning?

    <p>Request a replacement or reimbursement as per policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step an officer should take if they notice a contamination in a police vehicle?

    <p>Inspect the vehicle for body fluid contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for determining the level of exposure and medical referrals?

    <p>The City’s Infectious Disease Exposure vendor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal timeframe for initiating medical treatment for HIV after exposure?

    <p>Within two hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should employees wear when cleaning equipment contaminated by body fluids?

    <p>Protective gear and disposable gloves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should happen to non-expendable equipment contaminated by body fluids?

    <p>It must be cleaned as soon as possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What documentation is necessary when an employee has significant exposure?

    <p>The OPD Form 274D – State Infectious Disease Exposure Report.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should happen if contamination of a vehicle is extensive?

    <p>The officer should contact their immediate supervisor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if the source patient refuses to comply with testing?

    <p>A supervisor should attempt to gain compliance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the procedure for handling evidentiary items contaminated by blood or body fluids?

    <p>Air-dry them before packaging permanently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If exposures are classified as blood-borne pathogenic injuries, which scenario would qualify?

    <p>Needle-sticks or blood contact with open wounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial step after an employee completes their testing?

    <p>The results are forwarded to the Employee Resources Sergeant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should never be done with any contaminated article?

    <p>Dispose of it in a trash receptacle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must the source patient undergo immediately following a significant exposure incident?

    <p>Blood draw for exposure testing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should contaminated expendable items be disposed of?

    <p>In a red biohazard bag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition requires employees to document their exposure to bodily fluids?

    <p>Occupational contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an exposed employee receives negative testing results, what follows?

    <p>No further treatment is required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should employees do after coming into contact with bodily fluid?

    <p>Begin decontamination immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should be taken if an employee experiences prolonged exposure to an infectious source?

    <p>Report to their supervisor and the Employee Resources Sergeant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of exposure results from direct or indirect contact with an infectious source?

    <p>Airborne or droplet exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct mixture for disinfecting police equipment?

    <p>1:10 bleach and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first task of the supervisor following a reported Significant Exposure?

    <p>Notify the City’s current contracted Infectious Disease Exposure vendor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done to clothing items with bullet holes?

    <p>They should be collected as evidentiary items</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to ensure proper handling of contaminated evidence?

    <p>Notify the Forensic Investigations Section</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information is included in the ‘State Infectious Disease Exposure Report’?

    <p>Details of the contamination and exposure event.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the affected employee do if they experience symptoms after a known exposure?

    <p>Seek immediate medical attention and report to a supervisor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Omaha Police Department Infectious Disease Policy

    • Exposure Risks: OPD employees may be exposed to contagious diseases (bloodborne and airborne pathogens) and environmental hazards (chemicals, bacteria, fungi). Biological contamination is a life-threatening risk.

    • Decontamination Procedures: Specialized cleaning services decontaminate contaminated uniforms. Designated OPD employees process contaminated items.

    • Policy Goals: The OPD aims to ensure employee safety and effectiveness during duty. This includes training, immunizations, PPE, and post-exposure reporting & treatment.

    Definitions

    • AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, a communicable disease caused by HIV.
    • Airborne Pathogens: Microorganisms spread by air droplets (coughing, sneezing).
    • Bloodborne Pathogens: Microorganisms in blood causing disease (Hepatitis B, HIV).
    • Body Fluids: Fluids linked to HIV/HBV transmission (blood, semen, vaginal secretions, etc.).
    • Communicable Diseases: Infectious diseases spread through contact (AIDS, Hepatitis B, Tuberculosis, Meningitis).
    • Contamination: Presence of blood or body fluids on surfaces/objects.
    • Decontamination: Removal/inactivation of pathogens making a surface/item safe.
    • Hepatitis: Liver inflammation/infection (different types).
    • HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, causing AIDS.
    • IDCO: Infectious Disease Control Officer (Police Services Bureau Employee Resources Sergeant).
    • Occupational Exposure: Contact with infectious materials during duty.
    • Significant Exposure: Blood/body fluid entry into the body, or close proximity to an infectious individual.
    • Universal Precautions: Applying safety measures for all potential blood/body fluid contact (handwashing, gloves, etc.).

    Procedures - General

    • Duty Performance: Employees will not avoid duty due to communicable disease presence. Procedures cover handling evidence, first aid, body recovery, vehicle/machinery/structural extraction and hostile environment rescue.

    Workplace Controls

    • Protective Gear: Use of PPE is recommended, but only if it doesn't hinder crucial public safety services or pose extra risk.
    • Contamination Response: Immediate removal of contaminated clothing/PPE and immediate washing with warm, soapy water (paying attention to hand hygiene) is crucial. Contaminated items shall be placed in designated areas for decontamination or disposal.
    • Safety Precautions for specific issues:
    • Cuts/Sores: Cover with waterproof bandages.
    • Needles: Do not recap or handle by hand. Use puncture-resistant containers.
    • Airborne Diseases: Avoid close contact or use masks with individuals with confirmed/suspected Meningitis or Tuberculosis.
    • Crime Scenes: Avoid placing mouth, fingers, or other objects in bodily fluids.
    • Vehicle and Equipment Hygiene: Vehicles and equipment are to be disinfected if contaminated. A 1:10 bleach and water solution is approved for cleaning police equipment.

    Handling Infectious Evidence

    • Evidence Collection: Employees may help transport evidence requiring care to avoid cross-contamination.
    • Disposal: Contaminated items are NOT to be disposed of in regular trash.
    • Forensic Handling: Notify Forensic Investigations Section for proper handling and packaging (air-drying wet items).

    Contamination Reporting & Treatment

    • Documentation: Thorough documentation is crucial for occupational contamination cases.
    • Assessment of Exposure: Determine if a possible Significant Exposure has occurred.
    • Source Patient Testing: Obtain blood samples from source patient for testing. The exposed employee should undergo testing as well.
    • Medical Assistance: Immediate treatment is recommended for HIV. Follow protocol on obtaining medical treatment. This includes immediate medical assistance from CHI Health ER.
    • Records: Thorough records are to be kept for all employee exposures, testing, treatment, and follow-up.

    Immunizations

    • Hepatitis B Vaccination: At-risk employees will be given the Hepatitis B vaccine series at no cost.
    • Training is required regarding all of the above-mentioned issues.
    • Records are kept.

    Record Keeping

    • Confidentiality: All records are confidential and only released upon written consent.
    • Retention Period: City Human Resources maintains medical records for the duration of employment plus 30 years.
    • Access: Limited access to records.

    Police Vehicles

    • Inspection: Begin each shift with a vehicle inspection for any contamination.
    • Decontamination: Slight contamination: soap-and-water solutions; extensive contamination: detailed cleanup with notification to designated supervisors.

    Police Equipment

    • Cleaning: Use disposable gloves when cleaning potentially contaminated equipment (batons, handcuffs, etc.).
    • Materials: Appropriate cleaning solutions for equipment (1:10 bleach and water);
    • Leather Gear: Do not use bleach on leather equipment; use regular soap and water and towels.
    • Disposal: Properly dispose of contaminated expendable items in red biohazard bags.

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