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Questions and Answers
If the development of a branchial arch is disrupted, what is the MOST likely consequence?
If the development of a branchial arch is disrupted, what is the MOST likely consequence?
- The other arches will compensate, resulting in normal, complete development.
- The individual will only be able to develop derivatives of the other arches.
- All arches will fail to develop.
- The derivatives of that specific arch may be absent or malformed. (correct)
A developing fetus experiences a disruption affecting ectodermal differentiation. Which of the following tissues would MOST likely be affected?
A developing fetus experiences a disruption affecting ectodermal differentiation. Which of the following tissues would MOST likely be affected?
- Connective tissue.
- Epidermis of the skin. (correct)
- Epithelium of the gut.
- Skeletal muscle.
During an ultrasound, a doctor observes a structure with a fluid-filled cavity in a developing embryo. At which stage of development is the embryo MOST likely in?
During an ultrasound, a doctor observes a structure with a fluid-filled cavity in a developing embryo. At which stage of development is the embryo MOST likely in?
- Zygote.
- Morula.
- Gastrula.
- Blastocyst. (correct)
A genetic mutation affects the migration of neural crest cells during development. Which of the following structures would MOST likely be affected by this mutation?
A genetic mutation affects the migration of neural crest cells during development. Which of the following structures would MOST likely be affected by this mutation?
A developing fetus has difficulty with glossopharyngeal nerve function. Which of the following regions MUST be examined more closely?
A developing fetus has difficulty with glossopharyngeal nerve function. Which of the following regions MUST be examined more closely?
An embryological study reveals the absence of derivatives from the fifth branchial arch. What is the MOST likely explanation for this observation?
An embryological study reveals the absence of derivatives from the fifth branchial arch. What is the MOST likely explanation for this observation?
Damage to the third branchial arch could cause which of the following problems?
Damage to the third branchial arch could cause which of the following problems?
A newborn has a malformed mandible and is diagnosed with issues related to the trigeminal nerve. Which branchial arch was MOST likely affected during development?
A newborn has a malformed mandible and is diagnosed with issues related to the trigeminal nerve. Which branchial arch was MOST likely affected during development?
If the face develops from 5 prominences around the stomodeum, and facial development begins in the 4th week, a teratogen exposure earlier than the 4th week is MOST likely to cause:
If the face develops from 5 prominences around the stomodeum, and facial development begins in the 4th week, a teratogen exposure earlier than the 4th week is MOST likely to cause:
A child is born with a cleft lip, but a normal palate, what is the MOST likely cause?
A child is born with a cleft lip, but a normal palate, what is the MOST likely cause?
Flashcards
Branchial arches
Branchial arches
Each arch has its own nerve supply.
Ectoderm Derivatives
Ectoderm Derivatives
Skin and enamel.
Blastocyst
Blastocyst
A fluid-filled ball of cells that forms after formation of the morula.
Neural Crest Cells
Neural Crest Cells
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Tongue Innervation
Tongue Innervation
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Branchial Arch V
Branchial Arch V
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CN IX Arch
CN IX Arch
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CN V Arch
CN V Arch
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Facial Development
Facial Development
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Secondary Palate
Secondary Palate
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Study Notes
Brachial Arches
- Each branchial arch has its own nerve supply.
Ectoderm Derivatives
- Skin and enamel are derivatives of the ectoderm.
Blastocyst
- The blastocyst is a fluid-filled ball of cells that forms after the morula.
Neural Crest Cells
- Neural crest cells give rise to ectomesenchyme and connective tissue in the head.
Tongue Development
- The tongue is innervated by the glossopharyngeal and trigeminal nerves.
Branchial Arches
- The fifth branchial arch does not give rise to any structures.
- The glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) innervates the third branchial arch.
- The trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) innervates derivatives of the first branchial arch.
Facial Development
- The development of the face begins in week 4
- The face begins to form from the frontonasal process.
Palate
- The secondary palate creates the barrier between the oral and nasal cavities.
Muscles of Facial Expression
- The muscular derivatives of these branchial arches are the muscles of facial expression, these are derived from the second branchial arch.
Philtrum
- The philtrum forms from the fusion of the maxillary and medial nasal processes.
Embryonic Trilaminar Disc
- The three layers of the embryonic trilaminar disc are the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
Mandible
- The first branchial arch gives rise to the mandible.
Palatine Tonsils
- None of the branchial arches give rise to the palatine tonsils.
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