Occupational Safety and Health Quiz

Safety Management Systems

• Safety is important for humanitarian reasons, legal reasons and cost considerations.
• An accident is an unexpected event resulting in injury, loss, or damage.
• A hazard is a condition or circumstance that has the potential to cause an incident, injury, illness, or other loss.
• Direct costs are expenses associated with injuries, such as medical costs, lost time away from work.
• Indirect costs are hidden costs, such as time lost by colleagues, safety staff, and lost production.
• ANSI Z10 is a voluntary consensus standard on occupational health and safety management systems.
• Heinrich's Incident Theories proposed a 4:1 ratio between direct and indirect costs of accidents.
• ANSI is the American National Standards Institute.
• AIHA is the American Industrial Hygiene Association.
• The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle is a continuous improvement process with the stages of Plan, Do, Check, Act.

Safety Management Systems - Single-Point Failure

• Single-point failure is a failure of a component or subsystem that results in the failure of the entire system or process.
• Domino Theory-W.F. Heinrich proposes that an accident sequence is like 5 dominoes standing in a line.
• Energy Theory-William Haddon proposes that most incidents and injuries involve the transfer of energy between objects and/or people.
• Project Management is the cycle of tasks to complete goals of a project team.
• Gantt Chart is a time and activity bar chart used for planning, managing, and controlling major programs with a distinct beginning and end.
• Globally Harmonized System (GHS) is an international approach to hazard communication, providing agreed-upon criteria for classification of chemical hazards.
• Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is the backbone of hazard communication in GHS.
• GHS Label Elements are used for hazard information and contain defined pictograms.

Safety Management Systems - Permit-Required Confined Spaces

• Permit-required confined space is a space that contains or has the potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere.
• Confined Spaces are large spaces with limited entry and exit points, not designed for continuous human occupancy.
• Entry Attendant is the person stationed outside the space to monitor conditions.
• Authorized Entrant is the person who will actually enter the permit space.
• Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) is the responsibility of the U.S. to evaluate physical and health hazards of imported and manufactured chemicals.
• Acute Exposure is usually of short duration and high concentration.

Safety Management Systems - Additional Topics

• Chemical manufacturers produce and distribute chemicals
• Chemical name is the scientific designation of a chemical
• Chronic exposure symptoms are usually delayed, cumulative, and result from repeated exposures
• Compressed gas container is a container with an absolute pressure exceeding 40 psi.
• Container is any bag, barrel, drum, bottle, box, pipe, cylinder, etc.
• Designated Representative is the individual or organization who an employee identifies to allow the individual/organization to exercise their rights under safety standards.
• Director is the Director, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
• Distributor of hazardous chemicals supplies them to other distributors or employees.
• Employee is a worker who may be exposed to chemicals.
• Explosive is a chemical that releases gas, pressure, or heat.
• Exposure or Exposure to hazardous chemicals in the workplace either through anticipated or unanticipated routes of body entry.
• Flammable is a chemical that forms a flammable range or has a flashpoint below 100 degrees F.
• Flashpoint is the minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off sufficient vapor to ignite.
• Hazardous Chemical is a chemical that is a health hazard or a physical hazard.
• Hazard Warning are words, pictures, symbols, or combinations thereof which clearly conveys the hazard.
• Health hazard is a chemical with evidenced chronic or acute health hazard to exposed personnel.
• Immediate use is for employees who are working under the control of a hazardous, labeled container.
• IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) is the maximum level of a hazardous material that a healthy work can survive for 30 minutes without suffering irreversible health effects.
• Importer is the first business with employees and within the Customs Territory of the U.S. that receives hazardous chemicals.
• Label is any written, printed, or graphic material displayed on or affixed to containers of hazardous chemicals.
• Mixture is the combination of 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined.
• Organic Peroxide is an organic compound that contains the -O-O- structure.
• Oxidizer is a chemical other than a blasting agent or explosive that causes a fire
• Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) is an allowable air concentration of a substance over an 8 hour period, as established by NIOSH.
• Physical Hazard is a hazard to which there is valid scientific evidence for combustibility, liquids, compressed gases and other.
• Produce to manufacture, process, formulate or repackage.
• Pyrophoric is a chemical that ignites spontaneously in air.
• Responsible Party is a person who can provide information on hazardous chemicals and appropriate emergency response procedures.
• Specific Chemical Identity is the chemical name, chemical abstracts service (CAS) registry number, etc.