Allergy ENT BMS
46 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the underlying pathophysiology thought to be responsible for Sydenham chorea?

  • Accumulation of pus in the cerebrospinal fluid
  • Cross-reactivity of antineuronal antibodies with areas in the basal ganglia (correct)
  • Direct infection of the basal ganglia by Streptococcus bacteria
  • Degeneration of the cerebellum due to bacterial toxins
  • Which type of Streptococcus is commonly associated with Acute Streptococcal Pharyngotonsillitis?

  • Non-hemolytic Streptococcus
  • Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus Group B (GBS)
  • Alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus
  • Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus Group A (GABHS) (correct)
  • Which of the following is a common symptom of peritonsillar abscess?

  • Excessive salivation
  • Clear nasal discharge
  • Muffled voice (correct)
  • Increased appetite
  • What type of muscles are typically inflamed in peritonsillar abscess leading to trismus?

    <p>Pterygoid muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which anatomical space do peritonsillar abscesses typically occur?

    <p>Potential space between the tonsillar capsule and pharyngeal muscle bed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial genus was increased in patients with Allergic Rhinitis?

    <p>Clostridiales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phylum showed significant differences between patients with AR and healthy controls?

    <p>Cyanobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common physical signs observed in patients with Allergic Rhinitis?

    <p>Anterior rhinoscopy swelling and dark circles under the eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial genera were associated with nasal symptoms in AR patients?

    <p>Butyrococcus and Eisenbergiella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic symptom of Allergic Rhinitis according to the text?

    <p>'Allergic shiners'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which examination method is considered valuable for evaluating eustachian tube dysfunction?

    <p>Pneumatic otoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical and functional changes with age can lead to the formation of polyps?

    <p>Decreased ciliary beat frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key clinical feature of nasal polyposis mentioned in the text?

    <p>Decreased sense of smell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What diagnostic procedure can reveal polyps and other benign tumors in the nasal cavity?

    <p>Anterior rhinoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does impaired mucociliary clearance contribute to nasal polyp formation?

    <p>It can result in thickening of the basement membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of epithelial basement membrane permeability distortion in nasal polyp development?

    <p>It contributes to increased cell and tissue size due to chronic inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are minor deviations of the nasal septum typically regarded?

    <p>As normal developmental variations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the association between exposure to wood particles and chronic cigarette smoke with regard to ciliary movements in the nose?

    <p>It has been associated with reduced ciliary movements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of nonallergic rhinitis is most commonly observed clinically?

    <p>Vasomotor Rhinitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dysregulation may be associated with the cause of vasomotor rhinitis?

    <p>Nervous system dysregulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is predominantly responsible for mucus secretion and rhinorrhea?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the management of vascular tone in nasal mucosa vessels and secretion modulation initiated?

    <p>By modulating sympathetic neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the submucosal nasal glands in nonallergic rhinitis vasomotor rhinitis due to an imbalance among mediators?

    <p>They produce more mucus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical feature helps differentiate acute exacerbation of airway obstruction from supraglottitis?

    <p>High fever and toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is endoscopy necessary to confirm the diagnosis of acute exacerbation of airway obstruction?

    <p>To identify diffusely ulcerated tracheal mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature may partially obstruct the tracheal lumen in acute exacerbation of airway obstruction?

    <p>Copious purulent secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of acute exacerbation of airway obstruction, what is one reason plain-film x-rays may be insufficient for diagnosis?

    <p>Difficulty visualizing narrowing of the tracheal lumen on x-rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the clinical features of allergic rhinitis from acute exacerbation of airway obstruction as described in the text?

    <p>Presence of copious purulent secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the clinical features of acute exacerbation of airway obstruction differ from those of a common cold?

    <p>Presence of high fever and toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying pathophysiology thought to exist in Sydenham chorea?

    <p>Antineuronal antibodies cross-react with areas in the basal ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic symptom of peritonsillar abscesses?

    <p>Muffled voice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial genus is NOT commonly associated with peritonsillar abscesses?

    <p>Pseudomonas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely consequence of inflammation of the pterygoid muscles in peritonsillar abscesses?

    <p>Trismus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical space is commonly affected by retropharyngeal abscesses?

    <p>Parapharyngeal space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential space where parapharyngeal space abscesses can develop?

    <p>Between the superior constrictor muscle and the deep cervical fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is typically inflamed in parapharyngeal abscesses, leading to trismus?

    <p>Pterygoid muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common symptom may indicate a retropharyngeal abscess infection?

    <p>Dysphagia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Streptococcus genera are commonly associated with non-Group A streptococcal pharyngitis?

    <p>Group C Streptococcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic symptom of diphtheria affecting the pharynx?

    <p>Muffled speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical feature may differentiate retropharyngeal abscess from parapharyngeal abscess?

    <p>Cervical lymphadenopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common suppurative complication associated with recurrent tonsillitis?

    <p>Retropharyngeal abscess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by white cottage cheese-like plaques on the pharyngeal mucosa?

    <p>Pharyngeal diphtheria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacterial infection is most commonly associated with chronic tonsillitis?

    <p>Staphylococcus aureus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of abscess is more likely to involve the parapharyngeal space?

    Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is often a result of an overgrowth of Candida albicans in the oropharynx?

    <p>Pharyngeal diphtheria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial infection is less likely to cause acute tonsillitis?

    <p>Bacteroides species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Occupational Therapy Theories Quiz
    21 questions
    Occupational Therapy Terminology
    100 questions
    Occupational Therapy Certification Terms
    6 questions
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser