Obstetrics and Gynecology: Placenta Abnormalities

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the condition where the placenta is attached abnormally to the uterine wall?

Percreta (correct)

Ectopic Pregnancy

Placenta Previa

Abruptio Placenta

What is the condition characterized by sudden detachment of the placenta from the uterus?

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

Abruptio Placenta (correct)

Eclampsia

Toxemia

What is the term for the condition where the fetus grows outside the womb?

Placenta Previa

Ectopic Pregnancy (correct)

Abruptio Placenta

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

What is the condition characterized by elevated blood pressure and protein in the urine during pregnancy?

Toxemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition where the cervix is unable to hold the pregnancy?

Incompetent Cervix Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition where the placenta is located too low in the uterus and covers the cervix?

Placenta Previa Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before delivery?

Abruptio Placenta Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the scoring system used to evaluate a newborn's overall health status immediately after birth?

APGAR Score Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition in which the RBC or the O2 carrying capacity is insufficient to meet the physiological needs of the individual?

Anemia in Pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the irregular, mild contractions of the uterus that occur throughout pregnancy?

Braxton Hicks Contractions Signup and view all the answers

What is the virus that can cause damage to the CNS, eyes, ears, and liver in a fetus?

Cytomegalovirus Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a type of early pregnancy loss characterized by the failure of the embryo to develop, resulting in an empty gestational sac?

Blighted Ovum Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of chronic hypertensive vascular disease?

BP is 140/90 or higher before pregnancy or before the 20th week of gestation Signup and view all the answers

When is chorionic villus sampling usually performed during pregnancy?

At 8-12 weeks of pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a complete abortion?

The expulsion of all the products of conception Signup and view all the answers

What can occur if the baby's oxygen supply is compromised during labor and delivery?

Brain damage Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of dystocia?

A condition in which the baby cannot exit the pelvis during childbirth Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) in blood or urine tests?

To confirm pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of eclampsia?

A serious complication of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure and edema Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of dilation?

The process of the cervix opening during labor Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for the surgical removal of the uterus?

Hysterectomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition in which the cervix begins to dilate prematurely?

Incompetent Cervix Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Induction of Labor?

To stimulate uterine contractions and initiate childbirth Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Kegel Exercises during pregnancy and childbirth?

To strengthen the pelvic floor muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the first movements of the baby that the mother feels?

Quickening Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the loss of a pregnancy before the fetus is viable?

Spontaneous Abortion Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition where the baby's shoulder becomes lodged behind the mother's pubic bone during delivery?

Shoulder Dystocia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the rupture of gestational membranes prior to the onset of labor?

Premature Rupture of Membranes Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the excessive amount of amniotic fluid?

Polyhydramnios Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the part or all of the placenta that remained in the uterus after childbirth?

Retained Placenta Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pregnancy Complications

PERCRETA: A type of placenta previa where the placenta penetrates through the uterine wall, requiring specialized treatment.
INCRETA: A type of placenta previa where the placenta is deeply embedded in the uterine wall, making it difficult to detach.
ABRUPTION PLACENTA: Premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before delivery, which can cause bleeding and risk to both mother and baby.
TOXEMIA: A condition characterized by high blood pressure, organ problems, and excessive waste in the body.
INCOMPETENT CEERVIX: A condition where the cervix is unable to hold the pregnancy, often leading to early labor and miscarriage risk.
ABORTION: The termination of pregnancy and expulsion of the fetus before the age of viability (20-24 weeks).

ANEMIA: A condition where the body does not have enough iron, affecting maternal health and the baby's development.
GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC DISEASE: A group of conditions characterized by abnormal growth of the placenta, including molar pregnancies and choriocarcinoma.
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY: A pregnancy that develops outside the uterus, often in the fallopian tube, and can cause complications if not treated promptly.
PLACENTA PREVIA: A condition where the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix, which can cause bleeding and require a C-section delivery.
ECLAMPSIA: A life-threatening condition characterized by high blood pressure, seizures, and potential complications for both mother and baby.
DYSTOCIA: A difficult labor due to abnormal fetal position, inadequate uterine contractions, or other complications, which can lead to serious medical conditions for both mother and baby.

Pregnancy and Childbirth Terms

APGAR SCORE: A scoring system used to evaluate a newborn's overall health status immediately after birth.
ABRUPTIO PLACENTA: Premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before delivery.
ANTEPARTUM HEMORRHAGE: Bleeding from or into the genital tract, occurring from 24+0 weeks of pregnancy and prior to the baby.
BREECH PRESENTATION: A fetal presentation in which the buttocks or feet are positioned to emerge first during delivery.
BRAXTON HICKS CONTRACTIONS: Irregular, mild contractions of the uterus that occur throughout pregnancy, often referred to as "false labor".

CYTOMEGALOVIRUS: A virus that can cause damage to the CNS, eyes, ears, and liver in the fetus.
CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM: Affects early in pregnancy due to the rise in serum level of progesterone.
CHORIOCARCINOMA: An invasive, malignant disease that can metastasize.
CHRONIC VILLUS SAMPLING: A procedure performed at 8-12 weeks of pregnancy for early identification of genetic defects.
CHRONIC HYPERTENSIVE VASCULAR DISEASE: A condition that exists when BP is 140/90 or higher before pregnancy or before the 20th week of gestation or persists 42 days following childbirth.

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Description

Learn about different placenta abnormalities, including percreta, increta, and abruption placenta, and their effects on pregnancy and delivery.