33 Questions
Which vessels drain the pelvis mainly?
Internal iliac veins and their tributaries
Where do the ovarian veins join in the abdomen?
Left renal vein
Which veins form the largest tributaries of the internal iliac veins?
Superior gluteal veins
Where do the vesical plexus, prostatic plexus, and uterine plexus drain primarily?
Internal iliac veins
Which veins form an important portacaval shunt when the hepatic portal system is blocked?
Middle rectal veins
Where does the part of the venous plexus surrounding the rectum and anal canal drain?
Caval system
Which pelvic type is described as male-like and has a heart-shaped pelvic inlet?
Android pelvis
The true (obstetrical) conjugate is measured from the middle of the sacral promontory to which structure?
Posterosuperior margin of the pubic symphysis
What is the type of female pelvis that is long, narrow, and oval in shape, resembling an ape-like pelvis?
Anthropoid pelvis
How is the diagonal conjugate measured?
Using the tip of the middle finger from sacral promontory to the superior margin of pubic symphysis
What angle does the subpubic arch form in a gynecoid pelvis?
~90 degrees
Which pelvic type has a subpubic arch that forms an angle of approximately 70 degrees?
Android pelvis
What is the function of the ductus deferens?
Transport sperm from the epididymis during ejaculation
Where does the female urethra open?
2 cm posteroinferior to the clitoris in the vestibule of the vagina
Which structure divides the scrotum into two sacs?
Median ridge called the raphe
What is the composition of the scrotum?
External loose skin, Dartos muscle, Cremasteric muscle, Tunica vaginalis, Tunica albunginia
What is the function of the seminal vesicles?
Secrete seminal fluid for sperm nutrition
What is the role of the tunica albuginea in the testes?
Forms septa that divide each testis lobules
What is the function of the bulbourethral glands in males?
Secrete mucus for lubrication of the urethra
Which part of the male urethra runs anterioinferiorly posterior to pubic symphysis?
Bulb of penis
What happens during spermatogenesis in males?
Seminiferous tubules produce sperm cells in testes
What divides the diamond-shaped perineum into two triangles?
Transverse line joining the anterior ends of the ischial tuberosities
What structures form the boundaries of the anal triangle?
Anterior margin of the perineal membrane
Where does the anal canal begin and end?
Rectal ampulla to anus
What surrounds the anal canal and descends postero-inferiorly between the anococcygeal ligament and the perineal body?
Internal and external anal sphincters
Which structure marks the posterior boundary of the perineum?
Coccyx
What structures form the anterolateral boundaries of the perineum?
Ischiopubic rami
What type of muscle is the internal anal sphincter composed of?
Smooth muscle
Which nervous system innervates the internal anal sphincter?
Autonomic nervous system
What nerves provide voluntary innervation to the external anal sphincters?
Pudendal nerves
What fills the ischio-anal fossae to support the anal canal?
Adipose tissue
What closes the urogenital triangle anterior to the transverse line?
Perineal membrane
What structure is located at the midpoint of the line joining the ischial tuberosities?
Perineal body
Learn about the obstetrical and diagonal conjugate measurements used in obstetrics. Understand how to measure each distance accurately for assessment purposes.
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