Podcast
Questions and Answers
What percentage of OCD patients have a positive family history?
What percentage of OCD patients have a positive family history?
What is the primary purpose of obsessions according to psychoanalytic theory?
What is the primary purpose of obsessions according to psychoanalytic theory?
What is the lifetime prevalence of OCD?
What is the lifetime prevalence of OCD?
What is a common comorbid condition found in OCD patients?
What is a common comorbid condition found in OCD patients?
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What is the age of onset for OCD?
What is the age of onset for OCD?
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What is a common type of compulsion in OCD?
What is a common type of compulsion in OCD?
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What is the primary treatment approach for OCD?
What is the primary treatment approach for OCD?
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What is a characteristic of obsessions in OCD?
What is a characteristic of obsessions in OCD?
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Study Notes
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
- Characterized by ego dystonic, time-consuming obsessions and compulsions that interfere with daily life
- Patients recognize their thoughts as excessive and usually try to resist them, but unsuccessfully
Theories of OCD
- Psychoanalytic theory: obsessions prevent undesirable ideas from entering consciousness, e.g. unconscious conflicts (sexual and aggressive)
- Behavioural theory: compulsions decrease anxiety, leading to reinforcement of the condition
- Biological theory:
- 50% positive family history
- 5-HT abnormalities
- Frontal cortex and basal ganglia abnormalities
- Anankastic premorbid personality traits in 70% of patients
Comorbidity and Prevalence
- 30% of OCD patients have comorbid depression
- Symptoms are exacerbated by depression
- Lifetime prevalence: 2-3%
- Male:Female ratio: 1:1
- Age of onset: usually by early twenties
Symptoms
- Obsessions: persistent thoughts, images, doubts, or impulses that are worrying, blasphemous, obscene, or socially unacceptable
- Content may involve dirt/contamination, sex, aggression, religion, or orderliness
- Compulsions: stereotyped acts, recognized as excessive, unreasonable, or exaggerated, often involving cleaning, repeating, checking, orderliness, or hoarding
- Mental rituals to decrease anxiety, e.g. counting
Differential Diagnosis
- Anankastic personality disorder
- Depression
- Psychosis (e.g. schizophrenia)
- Anorexia Nervosa
- Phobic disorders
- Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome/tic disorders
Treatment
- Treat comorbid medical and psychiatric conditions
- (More information needed to complete this section)
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Description
A psychology quiz about Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, its symptoms, and theoretical approaches. Learn about ego dystonic thoughts, anxiety, and the psychoanalytic and behavioral theories behind OCD.
