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Questions and Answers

What is the primary technique for collecting data on nonverbal behavior mentioned in the content?

The primary technique is the observation method.

Why is the observation method preferred for studying certain behaviors in specific settings?

It allows for detailed study of behavior in natural settings without the interference of participant interaction.

What kind of data does the observation method collect?

It collects data through visual, auditory, tactile, and olfactory means.

What is one major disadvantage of the observation method in research?

One major disadvantage is that the observer's biases and knowledge can significantly influence the data collected. Signup and view all the answers

How does observation benefit researchers when studying addiction, particularly in alcoholic patients?

It allows researchers to observe withdrawal behaviors without influencing the subjects. Signup and view all the answers

How does participant observation differ from non-participant observation?

Participant observation involves the observer joining the group being studied, while non-participant observation has the observer watching from a distance without revealing their presence. Signup and view all the answers

What did Kerr's 1979 study focus on regarding observation?

It focused on the use of space by hospital staff during conversations. Signup and view all the answers

What is one limitation of observation mentioned in the content related to participant involvement?

Participants may be unable to share objective information about their interactions. Signup and view all the answers

What is one method to reduce the influence of an observer's bias?

Using a structured observation method with prearranged data can help minimize the impact of observer bias. Signup and view all the answers

In what senses does the observation method receive information?

It receives information through visual and auditory input, as well as touch and smell. Signup and view all the answers

Define addiction according to the American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM).

Addiction is defined as a chronic brain disorder that involves compulsive seeking and use of a substance despite harmful consequences. Signup and view all the answers

What makes observation a scientific tool for data collection?

It systematically and selectively gathers data without direct interaction with the subjects. Signup and view all the answers

What are some common consequences of addiction on an individual's life?

Addiction can negatively impact physical health, mental health, relationships, and overall quality of life. Signup and view all the answers

Why might observational research be considered time-consuming and expensive?

Observational research can be lengthy due to the need for prolonged periods of observation and can incur costs associated with travel and resources. Signup and view all the answers

What type of observational method allows for a controlled environment?

The structured observation method allows for a controlled environment with predefined data collection criteria. Signup and view all the answers

How can the instability of the naturalistic environment affect observational research?

Instability in the naturalistic environment can make consistent observation challenging and compromise the reliability of the data collected. Signup and view all the answers

What type of research methodology was used in the study?

Non-participant observation. Signup and view all the answers

What were some of the withdrawal symptoms observed in the patients on Day 1?

Abnormal eye movement, rapid breathing, shaky hands, and tiredness. Signup and view all the answers

How did the observed symptoms change from Day 1 to Day 3?

Symptoms such as abnormal eye movement and rapid breathing decreased by Day 3. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of preparing a chart before starting the observations?

To record target behaviors systematically during the observation. Signup and view all the answers

On which day were all observed patients noted to have no signs of withdrawal symptoms?

On Day 3. Signup and view all the answers

What role did the psychologist play during the observations?

The psychologist assisted in assessing the patients' conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What time did the sleep period begin for the observed patients?

The sleep period began at 9:30 p.m. Signup and view all the answers

What behavioral characteristic was consistently present in multiple patients on Day 1?

Shaky hands were reported in several patients. Signup and view all the answers

What symptom did Patient 2 display on Day 2, indicative of withdrawal?

Abnormal sweating and tiredness. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the study conducted at the Institute of Mental Health?

To observe withdrawal behavioral symptoms in alcohol-addicted patients. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Observation Data - Study on Alcohol Addicts

Observation: Scientists use observation to collect data on how people behave, particularly non-verbal behaviors.
The Study
- Researchers observed alcohol addicts at a de-addiction center.
- The observation was conducted over three days and one night.
- The study focused on observing withdrawal symptoms.
Observation Methods
- Non-participant observation was used.
- The observation is structured with pre-arranged data records.
Observation Duration and Timing:
- The study started at 9:00 am and was conducted throughout the day, including morning rounds, breakfast, lunch, seminars, classroom time, amusement, and exercise.
- Night observation began at 9:30 pm.
Data Collection:
- Observed withdrawal symptoms were noted on a pre-prepared chart.
- Data collected included:
  - Abnormal eye movement
  - Rapid breathing
  - Shaky hands
  - Excessive sweating
  - Abnormal sleep
  - Tiredness
Data Analysis:
- Three tables were created to present results, showing data collected on 7 patients on Day 1, 6 patients on Day 2, and 4 patients on Day 3 and night.
Purpose of Study:
- The study aimed to gather information on withdrawal behavioral symptoms of alcohol addicts in a de-addiction center.

Observation in Research

Observation is used to gather data on how people behave, particularly how they interact with others.
It is useful when researching behavior in natural settings.
Direct observation, without interacting with the subjects, is a preferred method of data collection.
Pre-structured observations help to ensure the data is recorded accurately and consistently.

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