Objects, Classes, and Instances Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is a class in programming?

  • Another type to store and manage data (correct)
  • A subroutine to manipulate data
  • A method to create an instance
  • An object made from a blueprint

What are objects in programming?

The software equivalent of a physical item that contains data and methods to manipulate that data.

What is an instance?

One specific object created with a constructor method within a class.

What are instance variables?

<p>The data contained inside of an object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are instance methods?

<p>Subroutines written in the class that allow instances to manipulate and access its data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a constructor method?

<p>A method used to create an instance of a class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'new' operator do?

<p>It is used to create an object instance and calls the constructor method.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a mutator method?

<p>A class method that changes an instance variable, often starting with 'set'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an accessor method?

<p>A class method that retrieves data from an object, often starting with 'get'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Classes and Objects

  • Class serves as a template for creating objects, defining the properties and behaviors they contain.
  • Often compared to a recipe or blueprint, it organizes data and methods.

Objects

  • Objects represent physical items in software, encapsulating both data and methods for data manipulation.
  • They serve as instances of classes, holding specific values and functionalities.

Instances

  • An instance is a unique object created from a class using the constructor method.
  • Represents a concrete realization of the class, akin to a specific version of an object.

Instance Variables

  • Instance variables store the data specific to an object, essentially holding the object's state.
  • Each object can have different values for its instance variables, defining its individuality.

Instance Methods

  • Instance methods are functions defined within a class, enabling objects to manipulate and access their instance variables.
  • They facilitate interaction with the object's data, enhancing functionality.

Constructor Method

  • The constructor method is a special function invoked to create an instance of a class.
  • Initializes the instance variables during the object's creation process.

Operator "new"

  • The "new" operator is employed to instantiate an object, effectively calling the constructor method associated with the class.
  • It allocates memory for the new object and prepares it for use.

Mutator Methods

  • Mutator methods, often prefixed with "set," allow modification of instance variables.
  • They provide a controlled way to change the state of an object.

Accessor Methods

  • Accessor methods, commonly starting with "get," enable retrieval of an object's data without altering its state.
  • They provide a mechanism for safe access to the instance variables, often called "getters."

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