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Which of the following are characteristics of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)?
Which of the following are characteristics of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)?
Inheritance is a key feature that allows one class to inherit the properties and methods of another class in OOP.
Inheritance is a key feature that allows one class to inherit the properties and methods of another class in OOP.
True
What is meant by encapsulation in Object-Oriented Programming?
What is meant by encapsulation in Object-Oriented Programming?
Encapsulation refers to the bundling of data and methods that operate on that data within a single unit or class, restricting access to some components.
In OOP, __________ allows different classes to be structured in a hierarchy.
In OOP, __________ allows different classes to be structured in a hierarchy.
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Match the following programming languages with their OOP characteristics:
Match the following programming languages with their OOP characteristics:
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Which of the following is a key distinction between OOP and POP?
Which of the following is a key distinction between OOP and POP?
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Inheritance is supported in both Object-Oriented Programming and Procedural-Oriented Programming.
Inheritance is supported in both Object-Oriented Programming and Procedural-Oriented Programming.
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What is the role of a Class in Object-Oriented Programming?
What is the role of a Class in Object-Oriented Programming?
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In Object-Oriented Programming, _____ is used to hide data.
In Object-Oriented Programming, _____ is used to hide data.
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Match the following concepts with their definitions:
Match the following concepts with their definitions:
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Study Notes
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
- Object-oriented programming is a programming model based on the concept of objects, which encapsulate data and methods.
- Objects are designed to interact with real-world entities, representing items like people, places, or accounts.
- Popular object-oriented programming languages include Java, C++, C#, Python, PHP, JavaScript, Ruby, Perl, Objective-C, Dart, Swift, and Scala.
Characteristics of Procedural Programming (POP)
- Focus on procedures and algorithms.
- Programs are divided into functions, sharing global data.
- Data moves openly between functions, following a top-down design approach.
Features of OOP
- Emphasizes data over procedures; programs are centered around objects.
- Objects consist of data and the functions (methods) that manipulate it.
- Data encapsulation hides internal states; only class functions can access the data.
- Supports communication between objects through function calls.
- Facilitates easy addition of new data and functions.
- Follows a bottom-up approach in program design.
Differences Between POP and OOP
- POP focuses on procedures; OOP focuses on data encapsulated in objects.
- Programming units in POP are functions; in OOP, they are objects.
- OOP supports inheritance and access control, while POP does not.
- Data hiding is fundamental in OOP while it is absent in POP.
Basic Concepts of OOP
- Object: Fundamental runtime entity, synonymous with real-world entities; instance of a class, takes memory space.
- Class: User-defined data type acting as a blueprint for creating objects; represents a group of similar objects.
- Data Abstraction: The principle of exposing only the necessary features of an object while hiding the details.
- Encapsulation: The mechanism of wrapping data and methods into a single unit (class).
- Inheritance: Mechanism for creating new classes based on existing ones, allowing for property and method reuse in a hierarchy.
- Polymorphism: Ability of a single operation to behave differently based on the object it applies to; includes function and operator overloading.
- Dynamic Binding: The process of linking a procedure call to the code to be executed only at runtime.
- Message Passing: Communication between objects through function calls, where an object sends a request to another to execute a function.
Advantages of OOP
- Inheritance reduces redundancy by allowing class extensions.
- Encapsulation increases security by protecting data from external modifications.
- Facilitates the use of multiple objects simultaneously.
- Simplifies interaction with external systems via message passing.
- Promotes reusability, reducing costs in design, coding, and testing.
- Allows for scalability from small to large systems.
- Manages software complexity efficiently.
Applications of C++
- C++ enables the creation of object-oriented libraries based on hierarchical relationships.
- Combines high-level object-oriented features with low-level C capabilities for close-to-the-machine operations.
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Description
Explore the differences between Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) and Procedural Programming (POP) in this quiz. Understand key features such as data encapsulation and focus on objects in OOP, compared to the procedure-centric approach of POP. Test your knowledge of programming paradigms and their characteristics.
