Questions and Answers
What is the difference between a class and an instance of the class?
A class describes a data type. An instance of a class is an object of the data type that exists in memory.
What is the difference between the following Person structure and Person class? struct Person { string name; int age; }; class Person { string name; int age; };
Struct members are public by default and class members are private by default.
What is the default access specification of class members?
private
What is the name of the function in the member function header void Circle::getRadius()? What class is the function a member of?
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Are classes analogous to the blueprint or the houses, when a contractor uses a blueprint to build a set of identical houses?
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What is a mutator function? What is an accessor function?
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Is it a good idea to make member variables private? Why or why not?
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Can you think of a good reason to avoid writing statements in a class member function that use cout or cin?
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Under what circumstances should a member function be private?
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What is a constructor? What is a destructor?
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What is a default constructor? Is it possible to have more than one default constructor?
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Is it possible to have more than one constructor? Is it possible to have more than one destructor?
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If a class object is dynamically allocated in memory, does its constructor execute? If so, when?
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When defining an array of class objects, how do you pass arguments to the constructor for each object in the array?
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What are a class's responsibilities?
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How do you identify the classes in a problem domain description?
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Study Notes
Class and Instance
- A class defines a data type, while an instance of a class is an object of that data type stored in memory.
Struct vs. Class
- Struct members are public by default; class members are private by default.
Default Access Specification
- Class members default to private access, restricting direct access from outside the class.
Member Function Naming
- Example function header:
void Circle::getRadius()
indicates the function name isgetRadius
and it belongs to theCircle
class.
Class Analogy
- A class is comparable to a blueprint in construction, while instances are analogous to the built houses.
Accessor and Mutator Functions
- Accessor functions retrieve data members; mutator functions modify data members of a class.
Private Member Variables
- Keeping member variables private is advisable as it shields them from external manipulation and helps maintain data integrity.
Input/Output in Member Functions
- Avoid using
cout
orcin
in member functions; these functions should focus on data retrieval and modification instead.
Private Member Functions
- Member functions should be private if they are necessary for internal operations but are not meant for external use.
Constructors and Destructors
- Constructors initialize member variables and are called when an object is created. Destructors handle cleanup when an object is destroyed.
Default Constructor
- A default constructor is called without arguments; only one default constructor is permitted per class.
Constructor and Destructor Limits
- A class can have multiple constructors (Constructor Overloading) but can only have one destructor.
Dynamic Memory Allocation and Constructors
- When a class object is dynamically allocated, the constructor executes upon object creation.
Initializing Arrays of Objects
- To initialize an array of objects with constructors requiring arguments, provide individual arguments in an initialization list.
Class Responsibilities
- A class's responsibilities include the knowledge it maintains and the actions it performs.
Identifying Classes
- Identify nouns in a problem domain description to determine potential classes within the code structure.
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Description
This quiz focuses on key concepts from Chapter 13 of Object-Oriented Programming. It highlights the differences between classes and instances as well as between structures and classes. Prepare to test your understanding of these fundamental principles in programming.