Obesity and Genetics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary location of the mutations that contribute to obesity?

  • Inside genes involved in exercise regulation
  • Inside genes involved in appetite regulation (correct)
  • Around genes involved in metabolism
  • Outside genes involved in appetite regulation

What is one of the main messages of the Foresight map?

  • Obesity is only caused by genetics
  • Obesity is not a complex disease
  • Obesity is caused by many interrelated factors (correct)
  • Obesity is caused by a single factor

What is the rate of obesity in non-Indigenous people in Canada according to the 2013 study?

  • 22%
  • 26%
  • 20%
  • 16% (correct)

What is the limitation of the data collected on obesity rates in Indigenous populations?

<p>The data is not representative of the entire population (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of obesity in First Nations people who live off reserve according to the 2019 review?

<p>26% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the rates of obesity in Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations?

<p>The rates are significantly higher in Indigenous populations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of obesity in the Inuit samples according to the 2019 review?

<p>26% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Foresight map?

<p>To illustrate the complexity of obesity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can governments support to promote healthy living?

<p>Urban planning that favours walkable communities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the differences in fat and weight status among people with similar eating and exercise habits?

<p>A combination of BMR, hormonal activity, genetics, and other biological factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Firmicutes in the digestive tract?

<p>They are better at harvesting energy from indigestible carbohydrates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the gut-brain axis?

<p>A system that communicates between the gut and the brain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to promote a healthy gut microbiome?

<p>A diet high in whole foods, including lots of fibre-rich plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What else can improve the health of the microbiome?

<p>Both being active and lowering stress levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are individuals with obesity more likely to have a higher proportion of Firmicutes?

<p>Because Firmicutes are better at harvesting energy from indigestible carbohydrates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is still being researched about the gut microbiome?

<p>All the various ways it affects health (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of women experience anorexia nervosa during their lives?

<p>1.4% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Individuals with anorexia typically have a ______________ of weight gain.

<p>fear (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common manifestation of anorexia?

<p>Excessive exercise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mortality rate of anorexia compared to other psychiatric conditions?

<p>The highest (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of anorexia-related deaths are due to suicide?

<p>20% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of anorexia?

<p>Fatigue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of comparing BMI to a standardized chart?

<p>To place individuals into different categories based on their health risk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may females with anorexia develop?

<p>Amenorrhea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of using BMI to determine body composition?

<p>It can incorrectly categorize lean individuals with high muscle mass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the binging/purging subcategory of anorexia characterized by?

<p>Episodes of binge eating followed by vomiting or excessive exercise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is BMI calculated from self-reported data likely to underestimate true BMI?

<p>People may not know their height and weight (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of someone who may be incorrectly categorized by BMI?

<p>A person who is overweight due to a high muscle mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using BMI to compare different populations?

<p>It is useful for comparing different populations over time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential health complication associated with being underweight?

<p>An increased risk of health issues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the BMI category that Arnold Schwarzenegger was placed in when he won the Mr. Olympia muscle contest?

<p>Obese (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is BMI a weak determinant of individual body composition?

<p>It does not distinguish between lean body mass and fat mass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the journal where the article by Cummings et al. (2002) was published?

<p>New England Journal of Medicine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a preprandial rise in plasma ghrelin levels?

<p>Meal initiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the resource scarcity hypothesis to explain the food-insecurity obesity paradox?

<p>E.J. Dhurandhar (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main topic of the article by Costa et al. (2017)?

<p>Orthorexia Nervosa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of surgery is mentioned in the article by Cunneen (2008)?

<p>Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who found a link between microbiota and obesity?

<p>C.K. Chakraborti (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the journal where the article by Dhurandhar (2016) was published?

<p>Physiology &amp; Behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main outcome of gastric bypass surgery on plasma ghrelin levels?

<p>Decrease in plasma ghrelin levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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