Obesity and Genetics Quiz

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What is the primary location of the mutations that contribute to obesity?

Inside genes involved in exercise regulation

Inside genes involved in appetite regulation (correct)

Around genes involved in metabolism

Outside genes involved in appetite regulation

What is one of the main messages of the Foresight map?

Obesity is only caused by genetics

Obesity is not a complex disease

Obesity is caused by many interrelated factors (correct)

Obesity is caused by a single factor

What is the rate of obesity in non-Indigenous people in Canada according to the 2013 study?

22%

26%

20%

16% (correct)

What is the limitation of the data collected on obesity rates in Indigenous populations?

The data is not representative of the entire population Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of obesity in First Nations people who live off reserve according to the 2019 review?

26% Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the rates of obesity in Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations?

The rates are significantly higher in Indigenous populations Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of obesity in the Inuit samples according to the 2019 review?

26% Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Foresight map?

To illustrate the complexity of obesity Signup and view all the answers

What can governments support to promote healthy living?

Urban planning that favours walkable communities Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the differences in fat and weight status among people with similar eating and exercise habits?

A combination of BMR, hormonal activity, genetics, and other biological factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Firmicutes in the digestive tract?

They are better at harvesting energy from indigestible carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is the gut-brain axis?

A system that communicates between the gut and the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to promote a healthy gut microbiome?

A diet high in whole foods, including lots of fibre-rich plants Signup and view all the answers

What else can improve the health of the microbiome?

Both being active and lowering stress levels Signup and view all the answers

Why are individuals with obesity more likely to have a higher proportion of Firmicutes?

Because Firmicutes are better at harvesting energy from indigestible carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is still being researched about the gut microbiome?

All the various ways it affects health Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of women experience anorexia nervosa during their lives?

1.4% Signup and view all the answers

Individuals with anorexia typically have a ______________ of weight gain.

fear Signup and view all the answers

What is a common manifestation of anorexia?

Excessive exercise Signup and view all the answers

What is the mortality rate of anorexia compared to other psychiatric conditions?

The highest Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of anorexia-related deaths are due to suicide?

20% Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of anorexia?

Fatigue Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of comparing BMI to a standardized chart?

To place individuals into different categories based on their health risk Signup and view all the answers

What may females with anorexia develop?

Amenorrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of using BMI to determine body composition?

It can incorrectly categorize lean individuals with high muscle mass Signup and view all the answers

What is the binging/purging subcategory of anorexia characterized by?

Episodes of binge eating followed by vomiting or excessive exercise Signup and view all the answers

Why is BMI calculated from self-reported data likely to underestimate true BMI?

People may not know their height and weight Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of someone who may be incorrectly categorized by BMI?

A person who is overweight due to a high muscle mass Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using BMI to compare different populations?

It is useful for comparing different populations over time Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential health complication associated with being underweight?

An increased risk of health issues Signup and view all the answers

What is the BMI category that Arnold Schwarzenegger was placed in when he won the Mr. Olympia muscle contest?

Obese Signup and view all the answers

Why is BMI a weak determinant of individual body composition?

It does not distinguish between lean body mass and fat mass Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the journal where the article by Cummings et al. (2002) was published?

New England Journal of Medicine Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a preprandial rise in plasma ghrelin levels?

Meal initiation Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the resource scarcity hypothesis to explain the food-insecurity obesity paradox?

E.J. Dhurandhar Signup and view all the answers

What is the main topic of the article by Costa et al. (2017)?

Orthorexia Nervosa Signup and view all the answers

What type of surgery is mentioned in the article by Cunneen (2008)?

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding Signup and view all the answers

Who found a link between microbiota and obesity?

C.K. Chakraborti Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the journal where the article by Dhurandhar (2016) was published?

Physiology & Behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the main outcome of gastric bypass surgery on plasma ghrelin levels?

Decrease in plasma ghrelin levels Signup and view all the answers