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Questions and Answers
What is the critical need that passing on genes for efficient fat storage and lower metabolic rates represents?
What is the critical need that passing on genes for efficient fat storage and lower metabolic rates represents?
- Promotion of individual survival
- Protection from starvation
- Enhancement of reproductive fertility (correct)
- Increase in mortality rates
According to the Thrifty Gene Theory, what is the genetic advantage of the thrifty gene?
According to the Thrifty Gene Theory, what is the genetic advantage of the thrifty gene?
- Enhanced protection from seasonal food shortages
- Increased metabolic rates
- Prevention of famine-related mortality
- Allowing reproduction during food scarcity (correct)
How does declining maternal energy status affect conception rates?
How does declining maternal energy status affect conception rates?
- Has no impact on conception rates
- Halts conception completely
- Increases conception rates
- Reduces conception rates (correct)
In agricultural societies, what has enabled the thrifty gene to exert selective pressure on the human genome?
In agricultural societies, what has enabled the thrifty gene to exert selective pressure on the human genome?
What is the ultimate purpose of storing excess adipose tissue and having a lower metabolic rate?
What is the ultimate purpose of storing excess adipose tissue and having a lower metabolic rate?
What remains unknown regarding the manifestation of the thrifty gene in the human genome?
What remains unknown regarding the manifestation of the thrifty gene in the human genome?
Why has the emergence of the obesity epidemic led to considerable debate?
Why has the emergence of the obesity epidemic led to considerable debate?
What does the Thrifty Gene Theory propose?
What does the Thrifty Gene Theory propose?
Why did the Thrifty Gene Theory propose that a genetic tendency to accumulate excess adiposity would be advantageous?
Why did the Thrifty Gene Theory propose that a genetic tendency to accumulate excess adiposity would be advantageous?
Why did famines and seasonal food shortages become more common with the transition to agrarian societies?
Why did famines and seasonal food shortages become more common with the transition to agrarian societies?
What evidence contradicts assumptions about food scarcity in early human populations?
What evidence contradicts assumptions about food scarcity in early human populations?
How does the Thrifty Gene Theory explain excess adiposity accumulation in times of food surplus?
How does the Thrifty Gene Theory explain excess adiposity accumulation in times of food surplus?
What is the central framework of behavioral perspectives on obesity?
What is the central framework of behavioral perspectives on obesity?
When do changes in gene expression occur?
When do changes in gene expression occur?
What is suggested by evidence regarding epigenetic effects from paternal contributions?
What is suggested by evidence regarding epigenetic effects from paternal contributions?
In what scenario do alterations in gene expression result in more dramatic changes?
In what scenario do alterations in gene expression result in more dramatic changes?
What can bring on more permanent adaptations or dramatic changes in a family's gene expression?
What can bring on more permanent adaptations or dramatic changes in a family's gene expression?
Aside from genetic and environmental influences, what also plays a critical role in the risk of obesity?
Aside from genetic and environmental influences, what also plays a critical role in the risk of obesity?
What is the central role of leptin in the feedback control system?
What is the central role of leptin in the feedback control system?
Where is the hypothalamus located in the brain?
Where is the hypothalamus located in the brain?
What is the role of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the feedback response?
What is the role of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the feedback response?
Which neurons within the arcuate nucleus (ARC) signal the PVN to reduce food intake?
Which neurons within the arcuate nucleus (ARC) signal the PVN to reduce food intake?
How does activation of AgRP neurons within the ARC affect energy metabolism?
How does activation of AgRP neurons within the ARC affect energy metabolism?
What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in response to changing contexts?
What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in response to changing contexts?
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