Nutrition Therapy Overview

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of adults reportedly want to lose weight?

70%

40%

55% (correct)

65%

What is the recommended limit for added sugars as a percentage of total calories starting at age 2?

20%

10% (correct)

15%

What is considered a Very Low Calorie Diet (VLCD)?

Under 800 calories per day (correct)

Under 600 calories per day

Under 1200 calories per day

Under 1000 calories per day

What is the main focus of a Low Carb Restricted Diet?

Restricting carbohydrates to 50-150 kcal per day Signup and view all the answers

Which diet pattern significantly reduces cardiovascular risk and includes a variety of foods like vegetables and seafood?

Mediterranean Diet Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary dietary approach recommended to treat high blood pressure according to the DASH diet?

Low fat dairy products Signup and view all the answers

In the context of low-calorie diets, what is a potential effect of carbohydrate restriction?

Decrease in insulin levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the caloric reduction often recommended to achieve negative caloric balance for fat loss?

500-700 kcal per day Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of very low-calorie diets on weight loss in the short term?

Can help achieve weight loss of up to 35 lbs per week Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary approach is characterized by limiting sodium intake to 2,300 mg per day?

DASH Diet Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential negative effect of carbohydrate consumption in low carbohydrate diets?

Increased triglyceride levels Signup and view all the answers

How does the Ornish diet limit caloric intake from fats?

Allows 10-30% of daily calories from fat Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of the Mediterranean diet in relation to heart health?

Incorporates a wide variety of nutrient-rich foods Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diet restricts approximately 5-15% of daily caloric intake to carbohydrates?

Low Carb Diet Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of a low-calorie diet?

Includes a wide variety of fruits and vegetables Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant concern with the use of high glycemic index foods in diets?

They cause a rapid spike in blood sugar levels Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nutrition Therapy Review

55% of adults want to lose weight, with women more so
Serious weight loss attempts have decreased recently
Added sugars should be less than 10% of calories for all ages over 2
Saturated fat should be less than 10% of calories
Sodium should be less than 2,300 mg/day
Most Americans don't follow these guidelines

Basics of Nutrition Therapy

Goal: Create a negative calorie balance for fat loss
Includes alcohol limitations
Calorie needs vary based on age, gender, BMI, and activity (1500-3200 kcals/day)
Standard treatment: Reduce calories by 500-1000 kcals/day
Harrison-Benedict equation estimates Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) and total caloric expenditure

Very-Low Calorie Diets (VLCDs)

Less than 800 calories per day
Often includes meal replacement shakes
Not healthy long-term
Benefits: rapid weight loss initially (3-5 pounds/week), potential to improve HDL & LDL levels—short term!
Not a long-term solution; results may be similar to other low-calorie diets

Low-Calorie Diets (LCDs)

1200-1800 kcals/day. Initial reduction, often 500 kcals/day
Incorporates foods low in energy density (eggs, soups, vegetables)
Most weight loss diets are LCDs

Low-Calorie Restricted Fat Diets

10-30% of daily kcals from fat
Plant-based or lean meats/dairy products (in moderation)
Fats provide 9 kcals/gram
Reduces fasting glucose and LDL levels
Risks: potential hunger issues, reduced carb intake causing increase in insulin, and increased triglycerides.
Example: Ornish Diet

Low-Calorie Restricted Carbohydrate Diets

50-150 kcals/day from carbs
No restrictions on fats or calories
Decreased carbs and insulin = burn stored fat
~50% fat + 50% protein — less than 50% carbs
Example: Atkins Diet

Diet Effectiveness

Low-carb (ketogenic) diet showed significant weight loss (7.2% from baseline) and reduction in diabetes medications.
Other diets like Mediterranean, DASH and Therapeutic Lifestyle Change (TLCD)
Portion control diets are generally effective for weight loss, especially with meal replacements

Low Energy Density Diets

Use of low-energy-dense foods allowing for larger portions
Eases hunger and can result in reduced weight, especially increasing portion sizes.

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Description

Explore the vital aspects of nutrition therapy including guidelines for caloric intake, weight loss strategies, and the effects of Very-Low Calorie Diets (VLCDs). Understand how to create a negative calorie balance for effective fat loss while considering individual needs. This quiz highlights the importance of adhering to nutritional standards for long-term health.