Podcast
Questions and Answers
All nutrients are divided into ________ classes.
All nutrients are divided into ________ classes.
six
Of the following nutrients, which contains nitrogen?
Of the following nutrients, which contains nitrogen?
Proteins
To a scientist describing nutrients, the term 'organic' means nutrients that
To a scientist describing nutrients, the term 'organic' means nutrients that
Contain both carbon and hydrogen
Vitamin C and the B vitamins are termed
Vitamin C and the B vitamins are termed
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What is the primary source of fuel for the brain?
What is the primary source of fuel for the brain?
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Which of the following BEST describes minerals?
Which of the following BEST describes minerals?
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Which of the following describes the vitamins A, D, E, and K?
Which of the following describes the vitamins A, D, E, and K?
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Which of the following is an example of an inorganic nutrient?
Which of the following is an example of an inorganic nutrient?
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Which of the following nutrients is the MOST energy dense?
Which of the following nutrients is the MOST energy dense?
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Which statement is FALSE concerning the field of nutrition?
Which statement is FALSE concerning the field of nutrition?
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Excess sodium in the diet is linked to ________ in some individuals.
Excess sodium in the diet is linked to ________ in some individuals.
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If Alexandra were to consume all of her protein from milk and cheese, she might develop deficiencies of ________ over time.
If Alexandra were to consume all of her protein from milk and cheese, she might develop deficiencies of ________ over time.
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Including fiber in your diet is beneficial to your GI tract, but consuming excess amounts of fiber can result in the loss of nutrients. This statement is an example of which of the factors to consider in planning diets?
Including fiber in your diet is beneficial to your GI tract, but consuming excess amounts of fiber can result in the loss of nutrients. This statement is an example of which of the factors to consider in planning diets?
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The four characteristics of a healthful diet are adequacy, balance, moderation, and ________.
The four characteristics of a healthful diet are adequacy, balance, moderation, and ________.
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The government agency that regulates food labeling in the United States is the
The government agency that regulates food labeling in the United States is the
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The government agency that regulates the food labels on fresh meat and poultry in the United States is the
The government agency that regulates the food labels on fresh meat and poultry in the United States is the
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Which of the following foods is exempt from standard food labeling regulations?
Which of the following foods is exempt from standard food labeling regulations?
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Which of the following is NOT required on a food label?
Which of the following is NOT required on a food label?
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Which of the following statements does NOT describe the Mediterranean-style diet?
Which of the following statements does NOT describe the Mediterranean-style diet?
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Which statement best describes nutrient density?
Which statement best describes nutrient density?
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Appetite is triggered by
Appetite is triggered by
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Cell membranes are primarily composed of
Cell membranes are primarily composed of
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Hunger is best described as
Hunger is best described as
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Our genetic information, in the form of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), is located in the
Our genetic information, in the form of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), is located in the
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The 'powerhouse' of the cell that produces most of the ATP is/are the
The 'powerhouse' of the cell that produces most of the ATP is/are the
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The human body is organized into the following structural levels (smallest to largest):
The human body is organized into the following structural levels (smallest to largest):
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The pancreatic hormones insulin and ________ are responsible for maintaining blood glucose levels.
The pancreatic hormones insulin and ________ are responsible for maintaining blood glucose levels.
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The term used to describe the process in which foods are broken down into their component molecules is
The term used to describe the process in which foods are broken down into their component molecules is
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Which physiological trigger/s will result in the sensation of hunger?
Which physiological trigger/s will result in the sensation of hunger?
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A disaccharide is formed by the chemical bonding of
A disaccharide is formed by the chemical bonding of
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A technique employed by some endurance athletes to increase their storage of muscle glycogen is
A technique employed by some endurance athletes to increase their storage of muscle glycogen is
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Carbohydrates contain
Carbohydrates contain
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Fructose is also known as
Fructose is also known as
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In the body, the major storage sites for glycogen are the muscles and
In the body, the major storage sites for glycogen are the muscles and
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The term complex carbohydrates refers to
The term complex carbohydrates refers to
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What is the major monosaccharide found in the body?
What is the major monosaccharide found in the body?
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Study Notes
Nutrient Classes and Definitions
- Nutrients are categorized into six classes: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water.
- Proteins are the only nutrient class that contains nitrogen.
- Organic nutrients are defined as those that contain both carbon and hydrogen.
Vitamins and Minerals
- Vitamin C and the B vitamins are classified as water-soluble vitamins.
- Minerals are inorganic micronutrients essential for various bodily functions.
- Vitamins A, D, E, and K can be potentially toxic in excessive amounts.
- An example of an inorganic nutrient is calcium.
Energy Density and Fuel Sources
- Fats provide the highest energy density among nutrients.
- Carbohydrates serve as the primary energy source for the brain.
Nutrition Science
- Nutrition is a relatively young science, not dating back to the fourteenth century as often claimed.
- Excess dietary sodium is associated with hypertension in some individuals.
Dietary Deficiencies and Moderation
- Relying solely on dairy for protein can lead to deficiencies in zinc and iron.
- Including fiber is beneficial, but excessive intake may lead to nutrient loss, highlighting the importance of moderation.
- A balanced diet should include adequacy, balance, moderation, and variety.
Food Regulation and Labeling
- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates food labeling.
- The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) oversees food labels for fresh meat and poultry.
- Meat is exempt from standard food labeling regulations.
- Folic acid content is not required on food labels.
Dietary Patterns
- The Mediterranean-style diet is characterized by higher fat content than traditional Western diets.
- Nutrient density refers to consuming foods with the highest nutrient content relative to calories.
Hunger and Appetite
- Appetite is influenced by environmental cues such as the aroma or taste of food.
- Hunger is defined as the physiological need for food, stimulated by low glucose levels.
Cellular Structure and Function
- Cell membranes are primarily made up of phospholipids.
- The nucleus contains deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the genetic material.
- Mitochondria are known as the "powerhouse" of the cell, generating most ATP.
Human Body Organization
- The human body is structured from smallest to largest: atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, systems.
- Insulin and glucagon are pancreatic hormones that help regulate blood glucose levels.
Digestion and Carbohydrates
- Digestion is the process of breaking down foods into their component molecules.
- A disaccharide is formed when two monosaccharides bond together.
- Carbohydrates consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and include simple sugars like glucose and fructose (also known as levulose).
- Major storage sites for glycogen are in the muscles and liver.
- Complex carbohydrates are referred to as polysaccharides.
Carbohydrate Loading
- Endurance athletes may use carbohydrate loading to enhance muscle glycogen storage prior to events.
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Description
Explore the fundamental classes of nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. This quiz also covers concepts like energy density, dietary deficiencies, and the basics of nutrition science. Test your understanding of how these nutrients function in the body.
