Podcast
Questions and Answers
Identify the six classes of nutrients.
Identify the six classes of nutrients.
Carbohydrates, Protein, Lipids, Vitamins, Minerals, Water.
Identify the chemical (elemental) makeup of each of the six classes of nutrients.
Identify the chemical (elemental) makeup of each of the six classes of nutrients.
Carbohydrates - Carbon + Hydrogen + Oxygen, Lipids - Carbon + Hydrogen + Oxygen, Protein - Carbon + Hydrogen + Oxygen + Nitrogen, Vitamins - Carbon + Hydrogen + Oxygen, Minerals - Minerals, Water - Hydrogen + Oxygen.
What do carbohydrates, protein, and fat have in common chemically?
What do carbohydrates, protein, and fat have in common chemically?
Carbon + Hydrogen + Oxygen.
What makes the composition of protein different from carbohydrates and fat?
What makes the composition of protein different from carbohydrates and fat?
Identify which nutrient generally predominates in food/your diet.
Identify which nutrient generally predominates in food/your diet.
Classify the six classes of nutrients as either macro or micro-nutrients.
Classify the six classes of nutrients as either macro or micro-nutrients.
Differentiate between the terms essential and nonessential nutrients.
Differentiate between the terms essential and nonessential nutrients.
How many essential/indispensable nutrients are there?
How many essential/indispensable nutrients are there?
Define the terms organic and inorganic nutrient.
Define the terms organic and inorganic nutrient.
Classify each of the six nutrients as being either organic or inorganic.
Classify each of the six nutrients as being either organic or inorganic.
Which are the energy yielding and non-energy yielding nutrients?
Which are the energy yielding and non-energy yielding nutrients?
Are most foods composed of only one of the macro nutrients?
Are most foods composed of only one of the macro nutrients?
How is the energy of food expressed?
How is the energy of food expressed?
Identify the caloric value or energy density of each of the six classes of nutrients.
Identify the caloric value or energy density of each of the six classes of nutrients.
What are the four leading causes of death in the U.S. that can be affected by your diet?
What are the four leading causes of death in the U.S. that can be affected by your diet?
What are the principles of a healthy diet?
What are the principles of a healthy diet?
What is the current food guide for the USA?
What is the current food guide for the USA?
How many different food group categories are in MyPlate?
How many different food group categories are in MyPlate?
What are examples of foods/alternatives in the meat and bean group?
What are examples of foods/alternatives in the meat and bean group?
What are examples of legumes?
What are examples of legumes?
What criteria determines how many servings one should consume in each food category of MyPlate?
What criteria determines how many servings one should consume in each food category of MyPlate?
What information must appear on every food label (mandatory)?
What information must appear on every food label (mandatory)?
What is Nutrient Density?
What is Nutrient Density?
What is the difference between nutrient density and energy density?
What is the difference between nutrient density and energy density?
What are the five enrichment nutrients?
What are the five enrichment nutrients?
What mineral is added in the enrichment process?
What mineral is added in the enrichment process?
What part of a whole wheat grain contains the most fiber?
What part of a whole wheat grain contains the most fiber?
What part of a whole grain cereal contains the most starch?
What part of a whole grain cereal contains the most starch?
What nutrient makes up most of the endosperm of grains?
What nutrient makes up most of the endosperm of grains?
Which bread would have the highest fiber content?
Which bread would have the highest fiber content?
Which part of the grain remains after the refining process?
Which part of the grain remains after the refining process?
What is the definition of 'nutrient fortification'?
What is the definition of 'nutrient fortification'?
What are the most highly fortified foods on the market?
What are the most highly fortified foods on the market?
What is malnutrition? Types and differences between the different types?
What is malnutrition? Types and differences between the different types?
What is fortification?
What is fortification?
What is enrichment?
What is enrichment?
What are the daily values?
What are the daily values?
What is nutrition?
What is nutrition?
What is primary deficiency?
What is primary deficiency?
What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance?
What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance?
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Study Notes
Nutritional Classes and Their Composition
- There are six classes of nutrients: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water.
- Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins consist of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen; Proteins uniquely contain Nitrogen.
- Essential nutrients are those the body cannot synthesize, while non-essential nutrients can be produced by the body.
Nutrient Classification
- Nutrients are categorized as macronutrients (Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Water) and micronutrients (Vitamins, Minerals).
- Organic nutrients contain carbon (Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Vitamins), while inorganic nutrients do not (Minerals, Water).
- Out of 40 known essential nutrients for human health, 3 are primarily energy-yielding (Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins) and 3 are non-energy yielding (Vitamins, Minerals, Water).
Dietary Guidelines and MyPlate
- MyPlate is the current food guide for the USA, consisting of five categories: Proteins, Dairy, Grains, Vegetables, and Fruits.
- Recommended servings in each food group depend on personal factors such as age, gender, weight, activity level, and height.
Food Labeling and Nutrition Density
- Mandatory information on food labels includes the product's common name, manufacturer's details, net contents, ingredient list, serving size, and nutrient quantities.
- Nutrient density measures the amount of nutrients per calorie in food, while energy density refers to the energy provided per amount consumed.
Nutritional Fortification and Enrichment
- Fortification increases the nutrient content of food by adding essential micronutrients that were not present originally.
- Enrichment restores nutrients lost during processing, typically adding iron, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folate.
Malnutrition and Daily Values
- Malnutrition arises from an imbalance in nutrient intake, leading to either excess or deficiency of energy or specific nutrients.
- Daily values on nutrition labels reflect the percentage of nutrients based on a standard 2,000-calorie diet, adjustable for individual calorie needs.
Whole Grains and Dietary Fiber
- Bran, the outer layer of whole grains, contains the highest fiber content, while endosperm, the grain's middle part, is rich in starch.
- Whole-grain bread offers the most fiber among bread types, while refined grains consist predominantly of the endosperm.
Nutritional Science Definition
- Nutrition encompasses the study of food, nutrients, their biological roles, and broader social, cultural, and psychological implications related to food consumption.
- Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is the daily nutrient intake goal deemed sufficient for the majority of healthy individuals.
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