Nutrition Essentials and Dietary Guidelines

<p>Disaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose and galactose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acidic chyme entering the small intestine would not be neutralized. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Malfunction of the liver or gallbladder. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fat metabolism would decrease, potentially leading to fat accumulation in the liver. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It slows nerve signals, impairing functions like judgment, muscle control, and coordination. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longitudinal study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>400-700 calories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activity level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diet recall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure that only qualified individuals provide nutrition advice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium, calcium, iron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osteoporosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lysine, methionine, threonine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type 1 is characterized by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells, whereas Type 2 involves cellular resistance to insulin. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The individual's consumption of artificial sweeteners. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardiovascular disease and kidney disease. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactose intolerance results from a deficiency in the lactase enzyme, whereas a milk allergy involves an immune response to milk protein. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing consumption of milk products to improve digestive health. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By providing phytochemicals that possess antioxidant properties. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reduces the substrate available for bacteria to produce harmful acids. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emulsifying fats to facilitate their absorption. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It redirects blood flow away from the digestive system, slowing down digestion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flaxseeds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are transported directly into the bloodstream and processed by the liver. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contain biologically active compounds offering benefits beyond basic nutrition. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They mimic the effects of estrogen, which can help maintain bone density. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eight amino acids that the body cannot synthesize and must be obtained from diet.

Fatty acids necessary for health; includes linoleic acid and linolenic acid.

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range indicating percentage of carbs, fats, and proteins recommended in the diet.

Recommended Dietary Allowance; the daily intake level sufficient to meet nutrient needs for most individuals.

Recall is a 24-hour review where clients can lie; Record is a 3-5 day log that might change eating habits.

Large-scale studies comparing health outcomes across populations.

Research manipulating a group to observe the effects of specific dietary changes.

Information on food packaging that includes nutrient content like sodium, calcium, iron, and potassium.

A diet low in saturated and trans fats reduces heart disease risk.

A diet high in fruits and vegetables may reduce cancer risk.

A diet low in fermentable carbohydrates decreases dental caries.

Natural plant compounds that may offer health benefits.

Foods containing biologically active compounds with benefits beyond basic nutrition.

Movement of nutrients from the small intestine into the blood or lymph via villi.

Water-soluble nutrients are transported via blood processed in the liver.

Fat-soluble nutrients are transported via the lymphatic system.

A strong acid with a low pH in gastric juices.

An enzyme produced in the stomach that breaks down proteins.

An enzyme from the pancreas for carbohydrate digestion.

Alcohol is mainly metabolized in the liver with enzymes.

Microsomal ethanol oxidizing system that aids in alcohol metabolism.

An autoimmune condition resulting in the destruction of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, leading to little to no insulin production.

A condition where cells become resistant to insulin, often associated with obesity, accounting for 90% of diabetes cases.

The increase in blood sugar levels after eating, influenced by the amount consumed and the digestion rate.

Sweeteners like sorbitol, xylitol, and malitol, used as lower-calorie alternatives to sugar.

Lactose intolerance is due to a lack of lactase enzyme, while a milk allergy involves an immune response to milk proteins.

Alcohol increases risk of high blood pressure, dementia, certain cancers, muscle deterioration, and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

A wheat kernel consists of four parts: germ, endosperm, bran, and husk.

The simplest form of carbohydrates that include glucose, fructose, and galactose.

Carbohydrates made up of two monosaccharides; examples include sucrose, lactose, and maltose.

Includes gums, pectin, and psyllium; helps lower cholesterol, slow glucose absorption, and reduces heart disease risk.