Nutrition Class Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What are nutrients?

Chemical compounds in foods to provide fuel for energy, growth, maintenance, and to regulate body processes.

What are the six classes of nutrients?

Carbohydrates, fats, protein, vitamins, minerals, water.

What are phytochemicals?

Nonnutrient compounds that contribute to health and may play a role in fighting chronic diseases.

What is nutrition?

The science that studies how nutrients and compounds in foods nourish and affect body functions and health. Signup and view all the answers

What are macronutrients?

Energy-yielding nutrients needed in higher amounts. Signup and view all the answers

What are micronutrients?

Nutrients needed in smaller amounts. Signup and view all the answers

What are the essential nutrients and why do you need them?

Carbohydrates supply glucose, fats cushion organs, proteins assist in growth and maintenance, vitamins and minerals are essential for metabolism, and water supports many processes. Signup and view all the answers

What is nutritional genomics?

The study of how specific food components affect gene expression in your cells and thereby your health. Signup and view all the answers

What is a registered dietitian?

A professional who has completed at least a bachelor’s degree at an accredited U.S. college or university, a supervised practice, and has passed a national exam administered by the American Dietetic Association. Signup and view all the answers

What is a public health nutritionist?

A person with a degree in nutrition who is not a registered dietitian. Signup and view all the answers

What is a licensed dietitian?

A professional who is licensed by state licensing agencies. Signup and view all the answers

What does consensus mean in the context of nutrition?

The opinion of a group of experts based on the collection of information. Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrition-related disease is the leading cause of death in the United States?

Heart disease. Signup and view all the answers

An estimated __________ percent of American adults are overweight or obese.

65 Signup and view all the answers

In general, the U.S. diet is:

All options are correct. Signup and view all the answers

Which nutrients help enzymes function in your body?

Vitamins and minerals. Signup and view all the answers

What should a well-balanced diet contain?

All options are correct. Signup and view all the answers

The majority of your daily calories should come from __________.

carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Nutrients are divided into __________ classes.

six Signup and view all the answers

What is the research design called when neither the scientists nor the subjects can distinguish between the experimental and control groups?

Double-blinded, placebo controlled. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an overarching goal of Healthy People 2020?

Increase the use of sustainable resources to reduce global warming. Signup and view all the answers

If you decide to have your diet assessed, which individual would be the most credible source of information?

Dietitian. Signup and view all the answers

Nutrition is __________.

the scientific study of how the nutrients and compounds in the foods you eat nourish and affect your body functions and health. Signup and view all the answers

What should you consider when assessing the accuracy and currency of nutrition and health information on a website?

Who wrote it, when it was written, and when it was last updated. Signup and view all the answers

The first step in the scientific method is to __________.

make observations and ask questions. Signup and view all the answers

How many calories are provided by 10 grams of carbohydrate?

40 Signup and view all the answers

How many calories are in a meal that contains 100 grams of carbohydrate, 20 grams of protein, and 10 grams of fat?

570 calories. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Concepts in Nutrition

Nutrients: Chemical compounds in food providing energy, growth, maintenance, and regulation of body processes.
Six Classes of Nutrients: Includes carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.
Phytochemicals: Non-nutrient compounds that promote health and combat chronic diseases.

Understanding Nutrition

Nutrition: The scientific study of how foods nourish the body and influence health.
Macronutrients: Energy-yielding nutrients (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins) needed in larger amounts.
Micronutrients: Vitamins and minerals essential for health, required in smaller quantities.

Essential Nutrients and Their Roles

Carbohydrates: Provide glucose, a major energy source.
Fats: Serve as a significant energy source; protect and cushion organs.
Proteins: Primarily support growth and maintenance of tissues; can also supply energy.
Vitamins and Minerals: Critical for metabolic functions.
Water: Vital for numerous bodily processes.

Professional Practices in Nutrition

Nutritional Genomics: Examines how food components affect gene expression and overall health.
Registered Dietitian (RD): Completion of a degree and supervised practice; passes a national examination.
Public Health Nutritionist: Degree holder in nutrition without RD credentials.
Licensed Dietitian: State-licensed professional in nutrition.

Health Statistics and Dietary Trends

Heart Disease: Leading cause of death in the U.S.
Obesity Rates: Approximately 65% of American adults are overweight or obese.
Diet Quality: General U.S. diet is high in sugars, sodium, and saturated fats; low in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, and dietary fiber.

Nutrient and Health Information

Healthy Diet: Should include phytochemicals, fiber, macronutrients, and micronutrients.
Caloric Sources: Majority of daily calories should originate from carbohydrates.
Nutrient Classification: Nutrients are categorized into six classes.
Credibility in Nutrition: Seek advice from dietitians for reliable nutrition and weight loss information.

Research and Scientific Method

Double-Blinded Study: Neither researchers nor participants know who is in the experimental or control group.
Healthy People 2020 Goals: Focus on public health objectives, excluding goals related to sustainable resource use for climate issues.
Nutrition Web Assessment: Evaluate the credibility of online information based on authorship and update history.

Caloric Values

Caloric Content: Carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 calories per gram; fats provide 9 calories.
Caloric Calculations: 10 grams of carbohydrates yield 40 calories. A meal with 100 grams of carbohydrate, 20 grams of protein, and 10 grams of fat provides 570 calories.

Basic Scientific Processes

Scientific Method: Initiated by making observations and asking questions.

These notes encapsulate essential concepts in nutrition, professional roles, health statistics, research methodology, and caloric science, forming a fundamental reference for study in the subject.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key nutrition concepts with these flashcards. Learn about nutrients, their classes, and the role of phytochemicals in health. Perfect for nutrition students looking to solidify their understanding of essential topics.