Questions and Answers
What are nutrients?
Chemical compounds in foods to provide fuel for energy, growth, maintenance, and to regulate body processes.
What are the six classes of nutrients?
Carbohydrates, fats, protein, vitamins, minerals, water.
What are phytochemicals?
Nonnutrient compounds that contribute to health and may play a role in fighting chronic diseases.
What is nutrition?
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What are macronutrients?
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What are micronutrients?
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What are the essential nutrients and why do you need them?
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What is nutritional genomics?
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What is a registered dietitian?
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What is a public health nutritionist?
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What is a licensed dietitian?
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What does consensus mean in the context of nutrition?
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Which nutrition-related disease is the leading cause of death in the United States?
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An estimated __________ percent of American adults are overweight or obese.
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In general, the U.S. diet is:
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Which nutrients help enzymes function in your body?
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What should a well-balanced diet contain?
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The majority of your daily calories should come from __________.
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Nutrients are divided into __________ classes.
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What is the research design called when neither the scientists nor the subjects can distinguish between the experimental and control groups?
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Which of the following is NOT an overarching goal of Healthy People 2020?
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If you decide to have your diet assessed, which individual would be the most credible source of information?
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Nutrition is __________.
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What should you consider when assessing the accuracy and currency of nutrition and health information on a website?
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The first step in the scientific method is to __________.
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How many calories are provided by 10 grams of carbohydrate?
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How many calories are in a meal that contains 100 grams of carbohydrate, 20 grams of protein, and 10 grams of fat?
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Study Notes
Key Concepts in Nutrition
- Nutrients: Chemical compounds in food providing energy, growth, maintenance, and regulation of body processes.
- Six Classes of Nutrients: Includes carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water.
- Phytochemicals: Non-nutrient compounds that promote health and combat chronic diseases.
Understanding Nutrition
- Nutrition: The scientific study of how foods nourish the body and influence health.
- Macronutrients: Energy-yielding nutrients (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins) needed in larger amounts.
- Micronutrients: Vitamins and minerals essential for health, required in smaller quantities.
Essential Nutrients and Their Roles
- Carbohydrates: Provide glucose, a major energy source.
- Fats: Serve as a significant energy source; protect and cushion organs.
- Proteins: Primarily support growth and maintenance of tissues; can also supply energy.
- Vitamins and Minerals: Critical for metabolic functions.
- Water: Vital for numerous bodily processes.
Professional Practices in Nutrition
- Nutritional Genomics: Examines how food components affect gene expression and overall health.
- Registered Dietitian (RD): Completion of a degree and supervised practice; passes a national examination.
- Public Health Nutritionist: Degree holder in nutrition without RD credentials.
- Licensed Dietitian: State-licensed professional in nutrition.
Health Statistics and Dietary Trends
- Heart Disease: Leading cause of death in the U.S.
- Obesity Rates: Approximately 65% of American adults are overweight or obese.
- Diet Quality: General U.S. diet is high in sugars, sodium, and saturated fats; low in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, and dietary fiber.
Nutrient and Health Information
- Healthy Diet: Should include phytochemicals, fiber, macronutrients, and micronutrients.
- Caloric Sources: Majority of daily calories should originate from carbohydrates.
- Nutrient Classification: Nutrients are categorized into six classes.
- Credibility in Nutrition: Seek advice from dietitians for reliable nutrition and weight loss information.
Research and Scientific Method
- Double-Blinded Study: Neither researchers nor participants know who is in the experimental or control group.
- Healthy People 2020 Goals: Focus on public health objectives, excluding goals related to sustainable resource use for climate issues.
- Nutrition Web Assessment: Evaluate the credibility of online information based on authorship and update history.
Caloric Values
- Caloric Content: Carbohydrates and proteins provide 4 calories per gram; fats provide 9 calories.
- Caloric Calculations: 10 grams of carbohydrates yield 40 calories. A meal with 100 grams of carbohydrate, 20 grams of protein, and 10 grams of fat provides 570 calories.
Basic Scientific Processes
- Scientific Method: Initiated by making observations and asking questions.
These notes encapsulate essential concepts in nutrition, professional roles, health statistics, research methodology, and caloric science, forming a fundamental reference for study in the subject.
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Test your knowledge of key nutrition concepts with these flashcards. Learn about nutrients, their classes, and the role of phytochemicals in health. Perfect for nutrition students looking to solidify their understanding of essential topics.