Nutrition Basics Quiz

Study Notes

Dietary Plans

Types of diets:
- Omnivorous: includes both plant and animal products
- Vegetarian: excludes meat, fish, and poultry
  - Lacto-ovo-vegetarian: includes dairy and eggs
  - Lacto-vegetarian: includes dairy but not eggs
  - Ovo-vegetarian: includes eggs but not dairy
  - Vegan: excludes all animal products
- Flexitarian: primarily vegetarian but occasionally includes meat
Popular diets:
- Keto diet: high fat, low carb, moderate protein
- Low-carb diet: restricts carbohydrate intake
- Low-fat diet: restricts fat intake
- Mediterranean diet: emphasizes whole grains, fruits, and vegetables
- Paleo diet: excludes grains, dairy, and processed foods

Nutrient Deficiencies

Macronutrient deficiencies:
- Protein deficiency: can lead to muscle wasting and weakness
- Carbohydrate deficiency: can lead to fatigue and weakness
- Fat deficiency: can lead to dry skin and hair loss
Micronutrient deficiencies:
- Vitamin deficiencies:
  - Vitamin A deficiency: can lead to night blindness and impaired immune function
  - Vitamin B12 deficiency: can lead to anemia and nerve damage
  - Vitamin D deficiency: can lead to bone weakness and impaired immune function
- Mineral deficiencies:
  - Iron deficiency: can lead to anemia and fatigue
  - Calcium deficiency: can lead to bone weakness and osteoporosis
  - Iodine deficiency: can lead to thyroid problems and cognitive impairment

Food Groups

Fruits:
- Provide vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants
- Examples: apples, bananas, berries, citrus fruits, tropical fruits
Vegetables:
- Provide vitamins, minerals, and fiber
- Examples: leafy greens, broccoli, bell peppers, carrots, tomatoes
Protein sources:
- Provide essential amino acids
- Examples: meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy, legumes, nuts, and seeds
Whole grains:
- Provide complex carbohydrates and fiber
- Examples: brown rice, quinoa, whole wheat bread, whole grain pasta
Dairy:
- Provide calcium and protein
- Examples: milk, cheese, yogurt, butter
Healthy fats:
- Provide energy and support heart health
- Examples: nuts, seeds, avocados, olive oil

Description

Test your knowledge of dietary plans, nutrient deficiencies, and food groups. Learn about different types of diets, macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies, and the importance of various food groups.