Nutrition and Musculoskeletal Assessment Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of bones is the femur classified as?

  • Irregular bones
  • Short bones
  • Flat bones
  • Long bones (correct)

Where is cancellous or spongy bone primarily found?

  • Diaphyses
  • Joints
  • Periosteum
  • Epiphyses (correct)

What is the main function of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

  • Breaking down and resorbing bones (correct)
  • Maintaining bone structure
  • Supplying nourishment to bones
  • Building bones

Which part of the bone covers the bones but not the joints?

<p>Periosteum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone tissue is dense and hard, typically found in the long shafts of bones?

<p>Compact bone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is yellow bone marrow primarily located?

<p>Ileum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscles are described as voluntary muscles?

<p>Skeletal muscles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of osteoblasts in bone structure?

<p>Building bones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are smooth muscles mainly found?

<p>In the walls of blood vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cartilage in joints?

<p>To reduce friction between joint surfaces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ligaments in the musculoskeletal system?

<p>To stabilize bones and keep them in proper alignment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of synarthrodial joints?

<p>Immovable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is hyaline cartilage primarily found in the body?

<p>Covering movable joints like the elbow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of tendons in the musculoskeletal system?

<p>Attach muscles to bones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bursae in the musculoskeletal system?

<p>Reduce friction between areas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of arthrogram in diagnostic testing?

<p>To view irregular joint surfaces and movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common use of arthroscopy?

<p>Evaluating the knee joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of elevating the entire leg without flexing the knee after arthroscopy?

<p>To reduce swelling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of bone densitometry (DEXA scan)?

<p>To measure bone density (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a bone scan using intravenous radionuclide injection?

<p>To detect metastatic bone lesions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When might electromyography (EMG) be performed?

<p>To differentiate muscle and nerve problems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) help predict?

<p>10-year fracture risk and risk for osteoporosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Arthrocentesis' refers to which medical procedure?

<p>'Aspiration of synovial fluid' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor helps maximize peak bone mass before the age of 30?

<p>High calcium intake (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the normal findings for circulation in neurovascular assessment?

<p>Presence of strong distal pulses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abnormal finding for sensation in arm injury assessment?

<p>Numbness or tingling at the tip of the index finger (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes an excessive concave curvature of the lumbar spine?

<p>Lordosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a gerontologic consideration related to the musculoskeletal system in older adults?

<p>Compression of spinal column disks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can accelerate the loss of bone mass according to the text?

<p>Hypercalciuria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of bone resorption occurring more rapidly than bone formation?

<p>Increased risk for osteoporosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a normal finding regarding muscle strength assessment described in the text?

<p>Demonstrating a 'hitchhiker's sign' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a 24-hour urine collection in the context of musculoskeletal disorders?

<p>To determine levels of uric acid and calcium excretion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an elevated alkaline phosphatase level typically indicate?

<p>Paget's disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may be suggested by an elevated serum uric acid level?

<p>Gout (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significance does a decreased serum calcium level hold in the context of musculoskeletal disorders?

<p>Osteomalacia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of musculoskeletal disorders, what does an increased serum phosphorus level suggest?

<p>Bone tumors and healing fractures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic finding may be associated with metastatic bone lesions?

<p>Elevated acid phosphatase level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Resume bathing and activity as directed by physician' is a teaching point related to:

<p>'Client and Family Teaching 60-1 Musculoskeletal Care' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are osteocytes primarily found within the bone structure?

<p>Inside the compact bone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bones are classified as irregular bones?

<p>Sternum and vertebrae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the periosteum in bone structure?

<p>Supply bones with nourishment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of yellow bone marrow?

<p>Store fat cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are involved in the resorption and remodeling of bone tissue?

<p>Osteoclasts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of bones according to the text?

<p>Cells, protein matrix, and mineral deposits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is cancellous or spongy bone primarily located?

<p>At the ends of bones (epiphyses) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of osteoblasts in bone metabolism?

<p>Building bones by forming new bone tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an adequate calcium intake before the age of 30 on bone mass?

<p>Maximizes peak bone mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which curvatures are described in the text as part of spinal inspection?

<p>Kyphosis, Lordosis, and Scoliosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a decrease in the fibrocartilage of intervertebral disks with age cause?

<p>Compression of the spinal column (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In older adults, what contributes to a height loss of as much as 1 to 2 cm every two decades?

<p>Thinning and drying of intervertebral disk fibrocartilage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does bone resorption occurring more rapidly than bone formation lead to?

<p>Greater risk for skeletal fractures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does age-related decline in estrogen and testosterone production impact bone?

<p>Promotes bone resorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to age-related changes affecting the musculoskeletal system in older adults?

<p>Hereditary genetic patterns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can older adults delay the decline in muscle strength and bone mass according to the text?

<p>Regularly engaging in physical activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of synovial fluid in diarthrodial joints?

<p>Reducing friction during joint movement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In musculoskeletal disorders, what is the significance of obtaining a family history?

<p>To identify if relatives have had similar symptoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of tendons in relation to muscles?

<p>Attach muscles to bone surfaces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do ligaments contribute to joint stability?

<p>By stabilizing adjacent movable bones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of smooth muscles in the body?

<p>Respond to involuntary impulses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a bursa in the musculoskeletal system?

<p>Prevent bone-to-bone contact at joints (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a thorough neurovascular assessment essential for clients with musculoskeletal disorders?

<p>To detect alterations in nerve and blood supply (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of checking capillary refill time in the musculoskeletal assessment?

<p>To evaluate peripheral circulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of an arthrogram in diagnostic testing?

<p>To visualize abnormal joint surfaces and movements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When might a bone scan be ordered in the context of musculoskeletal assessment?

<p>To detect metastatic bone lesions and fractures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) consider when predicting a client's fracture risk?

<p>Clinical risk factors and bone density results (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In musculoskeletal assessment, what does an electromyography (EMG) primarily evaluate?

<p>Muscle weakness or deterioration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of aspirating synovial fluid in arthrocentesis?

<p>To analyze the composition of synovium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure involves internal inspection of a joint using an arthroscope?

<p>Arthroscopy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an arthroscopy procedure?

<p>Visualizing internal structures of a joint (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an elevated acid phosphatase level typically indicate in the context of musculoskeletal disorders?

<p>Paget's disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of musculoskeletal disorders, what does a decreased serum calcium level potentially suggest?

<p>Osteomalacia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of an elevated serum uric acid level in the context of musculoskeletal disorders?

<p>Gout (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which musculoskeletal disorder could be suggested by an increased serum phosphorus level?

<p>Bone tumors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential implication of having an elevated antinuclear antibody level in the context of musculoskeletal disorders?

<p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a nurse order a 24-hour Urine analysis for a patient with musculoskeletal issues?

<p>To measure serum uric acid levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the possible interpretation of an elevated alkaline phosphatase level in relation to musculoskeletal conditions?

<p>'Decreased serum calcium level' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone tissue is described as light and containing many spaces?

<p>Cancellous (spongy) bone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of osteocytes in bone structure?

<p>Mature bone cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is red bone marrow primarily found in the human body?

<p>In the sternum and ileum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of adequate calcium intake before the age of 30?

<p>Maximizing peak bone mass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of periosteum in relation to bones?

<p>Supplying bones with nourishment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an exaggerated convex curvature of the thoracic spine refer to?

<p>Kyphosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone cells are responsible for the destruction, resorption, and remodeling of bone?

<p>Osteoclasts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the musculoskeletal assessment, what can an absence of local edema indicate?

<p>Normal tissue hydration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of bones is cortical or compact bone primarily found?

<p>Diaphyses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of bones that includes cells, protein matrix, and mineral deposits?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of bone resorption exceeding bone formation with age?

<p>Higher susceptibility to osteoporosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common sign of abnormal circulation in neurovascular assessment?

<p>Pale skin color (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of yellow bone marrow in the human body?

<p>Consists primarily of fat cells and connective tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurological nerve damage can manifest as the 'hitchhiker's sign'?

<p>Radial nerve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to a decrease in muscle strength and bone mass among older adults?

<p>Hypercalciuria and malabsorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osteocytes within the bone structure?

<p>'Communicating' between bone cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the synovial membrane in diarthrodial joints?

<p>Acting as a lubricant by producing synovial fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cartilage is found in the larynx, epiglottis, and outer ear?

<p>Elastic cartilage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of musculoskeletal disorders, what is the main purpose of bursae?

<p>Reducing friction between areas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are smooth muscles mainly found in the body?

<p>In the walls of certain organs or body cavities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of amphiarthrodial joints?

<p>Slightly movable joints found at suture lines in the skull (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of ligaments in the musculoskeletal system?

<p>Stabilizing bones and keeping joints properly aligned (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do skeletal muscles differ from smooth muscles?

<p>Skeletal muscles are voluntary while smooth muscles are involuntary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'What type of joint is a gliding joint like the one found in fingers?'

<p>'Diarthrodial joint' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of bone densitometry, also known as a DEXA scan?

<p>To predict a client's fracture risk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In musculoskeletal assessment, what is the significance of checking capillary refill time?

<p>To assess tissue perfusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of arthrocentesis in the context of musculoskeletal procedures?

<p>To aspirate synovial fluid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a bone scan using intravenous radionuclide injection be ordered?

<p>To detect metastatic bone lesions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of electromyography (EMG) testing?

<p>To differentiate muscle and nerve problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of an arthrogram in diagnostic testing?

<p>To visualize internal joint structures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an arthroscopy procedure?

<p>To internally inspect a joint (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) help predict?

<p>The risk for having osteoporosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an elevated alkaline phosphatase level typically indicate in the context of musculoskeletal disorders?

<p>Metastatic bone lesions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of musculoskeletal disorders, what does an increased serum phosphorus level suggest?

<p>Bone tumors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential implication of having an elevated antinuclear antibody level in the context of musculoskeletal disorders?

<p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of obtaining a family history in musculoskeletal disorders?

<p>Predicting fracture risk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a nurse order a 24-hour Urine analysis for a patient with musculoskeletal issues?

<p>To determine levels of uric acid excretion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the periosteum in bone structure?

<p>Nutrient and blood vessel supply to bones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cartilage in joints?

<p>Joint stability and cushioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of elevating the entire leg without flexing the knee after arthroscopy?

<p>Help reduce swelling in the knee joint. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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