Nutrition and Health Quiz

<p>Increasing intake of refined carbohydrates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin K (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High-calorie, high-sugar diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Encouraging the development of large-scale factory farms to increase affordable food production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing nutrient-dense supplements to compensate for dietary deficiencies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thiamine (Vitamin B1) (A), Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NAD (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beta-oxidation of fatty acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neuropathy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scurvy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thiamine (Vitamin B1) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain adequate vitamin B12 levels despite the inability to absorb it from the diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rickets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intrinsic factor binds to vitamin B12 in the stomach, facilitating its absorption in the small intestine. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin B12 deficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Permanent neurological damage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supplementing with vitamin B12 injections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elevated serum MMA levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide lifelong B12 supplementation and monitor neurological complications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Headache (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Her limited consumption of leafy green vegetables and fortified foods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enlarged lymph nodes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Her stress from exams (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5 mg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent future recurrences of folic acid deficiency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulation of iron content in fortified foods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oral or injected vitamin B12 supplementation, depending on severity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Following a Mediterranean diet, emphasizing fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Folic Acid (vitamin B9) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Influenza infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promoting insulin resistance in the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin C directly stimulates collagen production, leading to stronger blood vessels and reduced bleeding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensuring adequate intake of vitamin D and calcium for bone health (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adequate intake of omega-3 fatty acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scurvy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreased absorption of vitamin B12 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methylmalonic Acid (MMA) and homocysteine levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Malabsorption due to intestinal inflammation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>None of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing intake of red meat and liver (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A young adult with a history of celiac disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supplementing with vitamin B12 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels, influenced by nutrition.

Types of fats that can raise cholesterol levels and increase CVD risk.

A chronic condition affecting the body's ability to process glucose, often linked to diet.

A measure of how quickly foods raise blood glucose levels, important for diabetes management.

Substances that may prevent or delay cell damage, linked to cancer risk reduction.

A condition where excess fat builds up in liver cells, often related to poor diet.

Nutritional needs and practices for children, impacting their growth and development.

Structured dietary changes or supplements aimed at managing health conditions.

Causes night blindness and increased infection risk.

Leads to anemia, fatigue, pallor, and cognitive decline.

Results in rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults.

Crucial for carbohydrate metabolism as a coenzyme.

Involved in fat, carb, and protein metabolism; key for ATP production.

Forms coenzymes NAD and NADP for energy production.

Vital for amino acid metabolism and glucose conversion.

Related to thiamine deficiency; can cause nerve, muscle issues.

Insufficient intake, malabsorption, or pernicious anemia lead to low B12 levels.

Diseases like Crohn's and celiac cause poor B12 absorption.

Autoimmune destruction of intrinsic factor hinders B12 absorption.

Low serum B12 and elevated MMA and homocysteine in blood tests.

Essential for iron absorption and collagen synthesis in the body.

Symptoms include bruising, bleeding gums, and fatigue due to collagen issues.

Poor diet, chronic alcoholism, smoking, and increased demand can cause deficiency.

Vitamin C deficiency can contribute to iron deficiency anemia due to reduced absorption.

Insufficient folate leading to health issues, notably megaloblastic anemia.

A type of anemia caused by impaired DNA synthesis leading to larger red blood cells.

Fatigue, dizziness, pallor, and glossitis are common indicators.

Foods rich in folate include leafy greens, legumes, and fortified cereals.

Education and policies aimed at promoting healthy eating and reducing malnutrition.

Test measuring different components of blood, including hemoglobin and red cell volume.

Includes supplementation and dietary changes to restore folate levels.

Treatment involving intramuscular B12 injections to correct deficiency in Pernicious Anemia.

Encouragement of animal product consumption to support B12 intake, alongside supplementation.

Regular assessments for improvement of neurological symptoms like numbness and tingling in treatment.

A type of anemia characterized by larger than normal red blood cells, often seen in B12 deficiency.

Higher levels of methylmalonic acid indicating Vitamin B12 deficiency.

Ongoing treatment with regular B12 injections to prevent irreversible damage from deficiency.

Can lead to severe neurological damage if Vitamin B12 deficiency goes untreated.

Involves vitamin C supplementation and dietary improvement with fruits and vegetables.

Leads to megaloblastic anemia and neurological symptoms; treated with B12 supplementation.

Diets high in saturated fats and cholesterol increase atherosclerosis risk.

Type 2 diabetes linked to refined carbs and sugars; high-glycemic index promotes insulin resistance.

Malnutrition can cause developmental delays and cognitive deficits; breastfeeding and balanced diets are essential.

Elderly malnutrition often due to appetite loss or chronic diseases, with vitamin B12 and D deficiencies.