Nutrition and Functions of Food
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of food that is often overlooked?

  • Providing body building nutrients
  • Supplying energy for the body
  • Supplying protective functions (correct)
  • Regulating body temperature

    • What is the term used to describe food that supplies energy to the body?

  • Protective nutrients
  • Body-building foodstuffs
  • Fuel-food
  • Energy-yielding foodstuffs (correct)

    • What is the result of a diet deficient in essential nutrients?

  • Perfect development and normal functioning
  • Energy-yielding functions will be impaired
  • Improved body temperature regulation
  • Ill-health, stunted growth, and imperfect development (correct)

    • What is the period of life when there is a tremendous demand for body-building nutrients?

    <p>Infancy, childhood, and adolescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of food during the fetal development stage?

    <p>Supplying body-building nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the daily 'wear and tear' of the body?

    <p>Daily 'wear and tear'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of protein in the body?

    <p>Building and repairing tissues and muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following food groups is rich in protein?

    <p>Milk and its products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a diet lacking in protein?

    <p>Muscle wasting and poor immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a diet that includes a variety of food groups in suitable proportions?

    <p>Balanced diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of protein in the body?

    <p>Regulating body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of micro-minerals like Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphorus?

    <p>Milk and its products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

    <p>To provide energy for daily activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fat is solid at room temperature and is considered unhealthy?

    <p>Saturated fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily intake of carbohydrates in the diet?

    <p>65% of total diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fiber in the diet?

    <p>To help with weight reduction and proper bowel movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily intake of proteins?

    <p>1g/kg of body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the human body weight is made up of minerals?

    <p>4% of human body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mineral is essential for maintaining healthy bones and teeth?

    <p>Phosphorus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Cobalt in the human body?

    <p>Part of vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of Fluorine deficiency?

    <p>Weak teeth prone to decay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a source of Phosphorus?

    <p>Rice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Sodium in the human body?

    <p>Maintenance of pH balance of body fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mineral is essential for the formation of thyroxin hormone?

    <p>Iodine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of water in the body?

    <p>Synthesizing proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily duration of physical exercise?

    <p>30-45 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benefit of taking dietary supplements?

    <p>Enhancing immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of total body weight that is composed of water?

    <p>70-75%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a food source rich in zinc?

    <p>Soybeans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of iron in the body?

    <p>Transporting oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Balance Food and Major Food Groups

    • Seven food substances: dietary fibre, water, minerals, proteins, vitamins, fats, and carbohydrates
    • Food provides energy, supplies body-building nutrients, and offers protective functions

    Functions of Food

    • Energy function: provides energy for bodily activities, maintains body temperature, and supports muscle activity
    • Body-building function: provides nutrients for growth and development, replacing worn-out tissues
    • Protective function: supplies essential nutrients in minute quantities, each performing a specific task in the body

    Energy-Yielding Foodstuffs

    • Examples: cereals, starchy vegetables, pulses, nuts, sugars, and oils
    • These foodstuffs supply energy and are hence known as "fuel-food"

    Body-Building Foodstuffs

    • Examples: milk and its products, meat, fish, eggs, legumes, pulses, dried beans, peas, and nuts
    • These foodstuffs contain a satisfactory amount of nutrients needed to build and replace body tissues

    Balanced Diet

    • A diet that includes a variety of foodstuffs in suitable proportions to carry out the three functions of food
    • A balanced diet provides all nutrients in required amounts and proper proportions, supporting normal growth and development

    Food Pyramid Nutrients

    • Two types of nutrients: macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, fats) and micronutrients (minerals and vitamins)

    Macronutrients

    • Proteins: help in tissue and muscle building, boost immunity, maintain fluid balance, and aid in healing
    • Sources: milk and milk products, soybean, beans, dals, egg, chicken, fish
    • Carbohydrates: provide energy, necessary for proper working of brain, heart, and nervous tissue
    • Sources: wheat, oats, bran, vegetables, whole cereals and pulses, fruits
    • Fats: provide energy, transport vitamins A, D, E, and K, and insulate vital organs
    • Sources: olive oil, rice bran oil, soyabean oil, groundnut oil, mustard oil

    Micronutrients

    • Minerals: present in small amounts, about 4% of human body weight, and play important roles in metabolism
    • Examples: phosphorus, sodium, chromium, cobalt, copper, fluorine, iodine, iron, and zinc
    • Vitamins: essential for normal growth and development, and preventing deficiency diseases

    Water

    • The most important nutrient, involved in every bodily function, making up 70-75% of total body weight
    • Helps maintain body temperature, metabolize body fat, aids in digestion, and flushes toxins from the body
    • Recommended daily intake: 10-12 glasses

    Dietary Supplements and Physical Exercise

    • Benefits of dietary supplements: enhance immune system, antioxidants, reduce risk of chronic diseases, and improve overall health
    • Benefits of physical exercise: daily 30-45 minutes of exercise or 3-4 hours per week, can be of any type (walking, jogging, swimming, etc.)

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the major food groups, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibre. Learn how food provides energy and supplies building nutrients for growth and development.

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