30 Questions
What is the primary function of energy-yielding foodstuffs?
To supply energy to keep the body warm
What happens if the diet is deficient in one or more of the vital nutrients?
It results in ill-health, stunted growth and imperfect development
What is the main function of food according to the text?
To provide energy and body-building nutrients
What is the purpose of body-building nutrients during infancy, childhood, and adolescence?
To build new tissues and replace the worn-out tissues
Which of the following is NOT a function of food?
To regulate body temperature
What are the examples of energy-yielding foodstuffs?
Cereals, starchy vegetables, pulses, nuts, sugars, and oils
What type of nutrients are Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphorus?
Micro-minerals
Which of the following is a function of Protein in the body?
Maintaining fluid balance
What is the consequence of a diet lacking in variety?
It may have serious consequences on health
Which of the following is a source of Protein?
Milk and milk products
What is the primary function of calcium in the body?
Formation of bone and teeth
What is the primary function of Protein in the body?
Helping in tissue and muscle building
Which of the following is a function of magnesium in the body?
Release of energy
Which of the following is a characteristic of a balanced diet?
It provides all nutrients in required amounts and proper proportions
What is the term used to describe elements required in small amounts by the body?
Micro elements
Which of the following is not a source of potassium?
Meat
What is the deficiency of sulphur associated with?
Unhealthy hairs, skin, and nails
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
To provide energy
What is the primary function of chlorine in the body?
pH balance of body fluid
What is the role of fiber in the body?
To aid in weight reduction and healthy digestion
What are the two main types of fats?
Saturated and unsaturated
What is the recommended daily intake of carbohydrates?
65% of total diet
What is the function of fats in relation to vitamins?
To transport vitamins
What is one of the risks associated with a deficiency of fats in the diet?
Dry skin
What is the primary function of phosphorus in the human body?
It is important for the formation of bone, teeth, and biomembranes
Which of the following is NOT a source of phosphorus?
Rice
What is the consequence of sodium deficiency in the body?
Cramps, diarrhea, and dehydration
What is the role of chromium in the body?
It works with insulin in the metabolism of sugar
What is the primary function of fluorine in the body?
It maintains healthy teeth
What is the consequence of iodine deficiency in the body?
Goiter
Study Notes
Functions of Food
- Provides energy to keep the body warm, muscles active, and organs alert
- Supplies body-building nutrients for growth and development
- Required in minute quantities, with a variety of nutrients each responsible for a specific task in the body
Food Groups
- Energy-yielding foodstuffs: cereals, starchy vegetables, pulses, nuts, sugars, and oils
- Body-building foodstuffs: milk and its products, meat, fish, eggs, legumes, pulses, dried beans, peas, and nuts
Balanced Diet
- A diet that includes a variety of foodstuffs in suitable proportions to carry out the three functions of food
- Provides all nutrients in required amounts and proper proportions
Nutrients
Macronutrients
- Proteins: helps in tissue and muscle building, boosts immunity, and maintains fluid balance
- Carbohydrates: energy-giving compounds necessary for daily activity, brain function, and heart health
- Fats: provides energy, transports vitamins A, D, E, and K, and acts as an insulator for vital organs
Micronutrients
- Minerals: elements present in small amounts (about 4% of human body weight)
- Categories of minerals: about 25 types, including calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium
Minerals
Calcium
- Found in dairy products, egg, wheat germ, and dark green vegetables
- Important for bone and teeth formation, blood clotting, and muscle and nerve activity
- Deficiency causes rickets and muscle spasms
Magnesium
- Found in dairy products, cereals, green leafy vegetables, seafood, chocolate, and wheat germ
- Helps in energy release, acts as a catalyst, and maintains muscle and nerve relaxation
- Deficiency causes convulsions and hallucinations
Potassium
- Found in fruits, vegetables, and wheat germ
- Important for normal muscle and nerve activity, and pH balance of body fluid
- Deficiency causes muscle disorders, including cardiac muscle and nerve problems
Chlorine
- Found in salt, seafood, vegetables, and chlorinated water
- Essential for pH balance of body fluid
Sulphur
- Found in meat, dairy products, and eggs
- Essential for vitamin B1 synthesis and healthy hair, skin, and nails
Phosphorus
- Found in meat, fish, egg, dairy products, and wheat germ
- Important for bone and teeth formation, biomembranes, and muscle and nerve activity
- Deficiency causes loss of bone minerals and metabolic disorders
Test your knowledge about the major food groups, their functions, and the essential nutrients they provide. Learn about the importance of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals in our diet. Understand how food supplies energy and supports growth and development.
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