Nutrition and Fluid Therapy

Brain tissue = Can initially utilize only glucose for metabolic needs Muscle = Cannot initially utilize only glucose for metabolic needs Renal medulla = Can initially utilize only glucose for metabolic needs Liver = Becomes an organ of glucose production under fasting conditions

Starvation or signs of malnutrition = Higher risk of complications and death Short fast lasting 12 hours or less = Fall in plasma insulin levels and rise in glucagon levels

Surgical patients with gastrointestinal disease = About 30% Patients with prolonged hospital stay due to postoperative complications = Up to 60%

<p>Liver glycogen = Converted into glucose under fasting conditions Food from the last meal = Mostly absorbed after a short fast Insulin = Plasma levels fall during fasting Glucagon = Plasma levels rise during fasting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Python = General-purpose programming JavaScript = Client-side scripting for web applications SQL = Database queries CSS = Styling web pages</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients with malnutrition have a higher risk of complications and an increased risk of death compared to patients with adequate nutritional reserves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>About 30% of surgical patients with gastrointestinal disease suffer from malnutrition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Up to 60% of patients with prolonged hospital stay due to postoperative complications suffer from malnutrition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma insulin levels fall and glucagon levels rise during short fasting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organs such as brain tissue, red and white blood cells, and the renal medulla initially utilize only glucose for their metabolic needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers