Nutrition and Dietetics Unit 1: Basic Concepts of Nutrition

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What is the role of cellulose in the digestive system?

It aids in the movement of food through the G.I tract (correct)

It helps in the absorption of waste from the large intestine

It helps in the digestion of proteins

It increases the level of glucose in the blood

What is the effect of hyperglycemia on the human body?

It improves the functioning of the brain

It has no effect on the body

It increases the functioning of the kidney

It affects the normal functioning of the kidney and brain (correct)

Why should carbohydrates be restricted in the diet of diabetes mellitus patients?

To improve the functioning of the kidney

To increase the functioning of the brain

To decrease the blood glucose level (correct)

To increase the energy requirements

What is the purpose of non-carbohydrate sweeteners?

To satisfy the sweet craving of humans Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for the human body?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the metabolic disorder characterized by an increased level of glucose in the blood?

Diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of food in the body?

To provide necessary materials for growth and replacement Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of nutrients and their relationship with food and living beings?

Nutrition Signup and view all the answers

What are the five classes of basic components or nutrients?

Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals and trace elements Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of daily calorie requirements do Carbohydrates provide?

70% Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe an insufficient total intake of nutrients?

Under-nutrition Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the food that a person normally takes every day?

Diet Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a protein with 100% biological value?

It is completely digested and absorbed, and replaces nitrogen lost in the urine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of proteins generally have higher biological value?

Animal proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of combining two vegetable proteins with low biological values, such as corn and beans?

The mixture has a good biological value, but not 100% Signup and view all the answers

Why does eating beans for breakfast and corn for lunch not provide a complete protein?

Because amino acids cannot be stored in the body Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following protein sources has a biological value near 100%?

Egg Signup and view all the answers

How can the biological value of vegetable proteins be improved?

By taking them along with animal proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the sweetness of saccharin compared to table sugar?

400 times sweeter Signup and view all the answers

Why is sodium cyclamate banned from prepared foods?

It is a carcinogenic agent Signup and view all the answers

What is aspartame made up of?

A dipeptide of two amino acids that normally occur in protein Signup and view all the answers

Why can't monellin be used in prepared foods?

It loses its sweetness on heating or denaturation Signup and view all the answers

What is the sweetness of monellin compared to table sugar?

2100 times sweeter Signup and view all the answers

What is saccharin used in?

Milk powder for lactose intolerant children Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended proportion of animal proteins in the diet?

1/3 to 1/2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the term 'succotash'?

A Native American word Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of protein sparing action?

To spare proteins for anabolic purposes Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a balanced diet?

A diet that contains all nutrients in proper proportion Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of protein sparing action on muscle tissue?

It conserves muscle tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of carbohydrates and fats in protein sparing action?

To provide energy for the body Signup and view all the answers