Questions and Answers
What is the calorie content of carbohydrates per gram?
4 calories
Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
What is the simplest form of carbohydrates?
Glucose
Carbohydrates have a greater detrimental effect on health compared to fats and proteins.
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What do brain cells primarily depend on for energy?
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Which hormone helps in the regulation of blood glucose levels?
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Excessive intake of fiber can lead to _____ effects.
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Match the type of carbohydrate with its classification:
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What condition can result from deprivation of carbohydrates?
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Study Notes
Carbohydrates and Health
- Carbohydrates provide 4 calories per gram, serving as a primary energy source.
- Essential for movement and a significant energy supply from sources like rice, bread, cereals, and root crops.
- Glucose acts as the simplest carbohydrate and is crucial for brain function; it must be converted from other carbs for energy use.
Classifications of Carbohydrates
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Monosaccharides (single sugars):
- Glucose: Central energy source for brain and nervous system, known as dextrose in some contexts.
- Fructose: Found in fruits; serves as an energy source.
- Galactose: Less common, primarily found in milk products.
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Disaccharides (two sugars):
- Sucrose: Common table sugar.
- Lactose: Sugar in milk.
- Maltose: Found in malted foods and beverages.
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Polysaccharides (multiple sugars):
- Starch: Main storage form of energy in plants.
- Glycogen: Storage form of glucose in animals, mainly in the liver and muscles.
- Dietary Fibers: Essential for digestive health and varies from other types of carbohydrates.
Health Effects of Sugars
- Excessive sugar intake can lead to various health issues.
- Balanced carbohydrate consumption is preferred over high-fat or protein diets.
Have Effects from Fiber
- While fiber is essential, excessive fiber intake can cause gastrointestinal issues and may restrict nutrient absorption.
Sugar Alcohol
- Sugar alcohols are used as low-calorie sweeteners, having varied impacts on health and digestion.
Alternative Sweeteners
- These are developed as healthier substitutes for sugar, providing low to zero-calorie options for sweetness.
Digestion Review
- Carbohydrates undergo digestion to convert into glucose, which is essential for energy.
- Blood glucose levels are regulated by hormones:
- Insulin: Aids in glucose storage and metabolism; regulates blood sugar levels.
General Notes
- Carbohydrates are the cheapest energy source in agriculture-rich countries like the Philippines.
- They spare protein usage for energy, allowing proteins to fulfill their primary function in body-building and cellular activities.
- The body relies on natural resources such as air, water, and sunlight for carbohydrate production through photosynthesis.
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Description
Explore the essential role of carbohydrates in nutrition and diet therapy. This quiz covers how carbohydrates function as a major energy source and their impact on health. Discover the caloric value and benefits of carbs in maintaining a balanced diet.
