Nutrient Absorption Disorders Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of vitamin D in bone health?

  • Increases calcium absorption and reabsorption (correct)
  • Inhibits the clotting cascade
  • Activates osteoblasts
  • Promotes bone resorption by osteoclasts
  • Which vitamin is acquired only from the diet?

  • Vitamin K
  • Vitamin E (correct)
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin C
  • What does vitamin E protect in cell membranes?

  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • DNA
  • Polyunsaturated fatty acids (correct)
  • Which clotting factors does vitamin K activate in the liver?

    <p>Protein C and S</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation?

    <p>Activates prothrombin and clotting factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why has vitamin E supplementation not resulted in a reduction in cardiovascular events?

    <p>It does not affect LDL oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for bone strength?

    <p>20 ng/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D over 100 ng/ml considered toxic?

    <p>They lead to hypercalcemia and renal damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might testing levels of 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D be indicated?

    <p>In patients with kidney failure or suspected hypercalcemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended daily intake of vitamin E for individuals older than 70 years?

    <p>800 IU per day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of recommended vitamin E levels in adults?

    <p>5 to 17 microgram/mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is dietary vitamin K testing not generally indicated in the US population?

    <p>Vitamin K deficiency and toxicity are rare in the US population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of vitamin deficiency in short-bowel syndrome?

    <p>Malabsorption of vitamins due to surgical removal of a large portion of the small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method used for vitamin testing?

    <p>Genetic sequencing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a common cause of short-bowel syndrome?

    <p>Diabetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood test is essential for diagnosing vitamin B12 and folate deficiency?

    <p>Complete blood cell count with MCV, hematocrit, and hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of vitamins dissolve in water upon entering the body?

    <p>Water-soluble vitamins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a reason for surgical removal of a large portion of the small intestine?

    <p>Viral infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia?

    <p>It induces differentiation of acute promyelocytic anemia cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin deficiency is a global concern with dire health consequences?

    <p>Vitamin D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of vitamin A in the treatment of measles?

    <p>It is an effective treatment for measles, decreasing mortality in children and hospitalized patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by impaired mineralization of cartilage at growth plates in children?

    <p>Rickets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common prescription for the treatment of severe acne vulgaris in outpatient settings?

    <p>Isotretinoin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by diffuse bone and joint pain, myopathy, hypocalcemic tetany, and a waddling gait in adults?

    <p>Osteomalacia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Vitamin K1 primarily found?

    <p>Green leafy vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are fat-soluble vitamins absorbed into the body?

    <p>Through micelles in the small intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of chylomicrons in the body?

    <p>Releasing vitamins into tissues for use and storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are remnants of chylomicrons recycled in the body?

    <p>Taken back up by the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of mutations in the tocopherol transfer protein (TTP)?

    <p>Decreased vitamin E levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organs are affected by Vitamin A deficiency due to its role in cell differentiation?

    <p>Eyes, salivary glands, and genitourinary tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

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