Nursing Theories: Needs-Based Approaches

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Questions and Answers

Which theory classification focuses on the establishment and maintenance of relationships in nursing?

Outcome Theories

Needs-Based Theories

Interaction Theories (correct)

Nursing Conceptual Models

Which theorist is associated with the Needs-Based Theories?

King

Nightingale

Orem (correct)

Rogers

What is the primary focus of Virginia Henderson's Nursing Need Theory?

Promoting the environment for recovery

Addressing nursing problems in families

Increasing patient independence (correct)

Facilitating interpersonal relations

What characteristic defines Middle-Range Theories in nursing?

They answer specific nursing practice questions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary criticism of Needs-Based Theories in nursing?

They rely too heavily on the medical model. Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing theorist developed the Theory of Interpersonal Relations?

Hildegard E. Peplau Signup and view all the answers

Which group includes nursing theories that control and direct patient care?

Outcome Theories Signup and view all the answers

What does Faye Glenn Abdellah's 21 Nursing Problems Theory focus on?

Patient-centered care including families Signup and view all the answers

According to Lydia E. Hall, which aspect does 'Care' refer to in her 3c's theory?

Professional nurses’ primary role in bodily care Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is categorized as a Grand Nursing Theory?

Orem Signup and view all the answers

Who is known for works under Nursing Philosophy?

Watson Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of Ida Jean Orlando's Nursing Process Theory?

Validating patient inferences before drawing conclusions Signup and view all the answers

Which theory classification is described as addressing the nursing metaparadigm?

Nursing Conceptual Models Signup and view all the answers

Joyce Travelbee's Human-to-Human Relationship Model emphasizes what primary goal of nursing?

Helping individuals cope with suffering Signup and view all the answers

Which theorist is known for defining nursing as 'utilizing the environment of the patient to assist to his recovery'?

Florence Nightingale Signup and view all the answers

Jean Watson's Theory of Transpersonal Caring primarily focuses on what aspect of nursing?

The relationship between the nurse and the patient Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classification According to Meleis

Needs-Based Theories focus on fulfilling physical and mental needs.
Theories by Orem, Henderson, and Abdella are included but criticized for over-reliance on the medical model, creating patient dependence.
Interaction Theories highlight relationships in nursing and the impact on patients' environment and situations.
Key theorists: King, Orlando, Travelbee.
Outcome Theories emphasize nurses controlling patient care through knowledge of physiological and behavioral systems.
Notable theorists include Johnson, Levine, Rogers, and Roy.

Classification According to Alligood

Nursing Philosophy provides the most abstract understanding of nursing phenomena through logical analysis.
Key figures: Nightingale, Watson, Ray, and Benner.
Nursing Conceptual Models are comprehensive theories addressing the nursing metaparadigm.
Covers relationships within nursing: Levine, Rogers, Roy, King, Orem.
Grand Nursing Theories, derived from broader philosophies, are less specific than middle-range theories.
Includes works by Levine, Rogers, Orem, and King.
Middle-Range Theories are precise, addressing specific nursing practice inquiries within a theory's framework.

Nursing Theorists and Their Works

Florence Nightingale
- Founder of Modern Nursing; Pioneer of Environmental Theory.
- Defined nursing as utilizing the patient's environment for recovery.
- Identified five environmental factors: fresh air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness, sunlight.
Hildegard E. Peplau
- Originator of the Theory of Interpersonal Relations.
- Influenced by Sullivan, Symonds, Maslow, and Miller.
- Focuses on developing therapeutic interventions in clinical settings.
Virginia Henderson
- Developed the Nursing Need Theory, emphasizing patient independence.
- Stresses basic human needs and nurses' role in meeting those needs.
Faye Glenn Abdellah
- Created the 21 Nursing Problems Theory, transitioning from disease-centered to patient-centered care.
- Includes family and community considerations in hospital and community health nursing.
Lydia E. Hall
- Developed the 3C's theory: Care, Cure, Core.
- Defined nursing based on participation in these areas; emphasizes the interpersonal relationship in care.
Joyce Travelbee
- Introduced the Human-to-Human Relationship Model; focused on support during illness and suffering.
- Built on Peplau's and Orlando's theories of interpersonal relationships.
Ida Jean Orlando
- Developed the Nursing Process Theory, focusing on the patient’s interpretations.
- Enables nurses to create flexible and effective care plans based on patients’ immediate needs.
Jean Watson
- Pioneered the Philosophy and Theory of Transpersonal Caring.
- Advocates for promoting health, preventing illness, and caring for the sick.

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Description

Explore the classification of nursing theories according to Meleis, focusing on needs-based theories. This quiz delves into the key concepts of theorists such as Orem, Henderson, and Abdella, and examines their emphasis on fulfilling physical and mental needs. Discover the critiques of these theories and their reliance on the medical model.