Nursing Intervention for Low Cortisol Levels Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended dosing schedule for glucocorticoids like Cortisone and Hydrocortisone in patients with low cortisol levels?

  • Give 1/3 of the dose in the morning and 2/3 in the afternoon
  • Give 2/3 of the dose in the morning and 1/3 in the afternoon (correct)
  • Give the full dose in the morning
  • Administer the full dose in the afternoon

    • Which of the following is NOT a nursing intervention for patients with low cortisol levels?

  • Weighing the patient daily
  • Providing rest periods to prevent fatigue
  • Monitoring vital signs
  • Promoting exposure to infections for immunity boost (correct)

    • What is the emergency condition that results in low blood pressure, low blood sugar levels, and high blood potassium levels?

  • Hyperaldosteronism
  • Adrenal insufficiency
  • Addisonian crisis (correct)
  • Cushing's syndrome

    • Which of the following hormones is used in hormonal replacement therapy as a mineralocorticoid?

    <p>Fludrocortisone acetate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In hormonal replacement therapy, what is the importance of never omitting prescribed medications?

    <p>To ensure lifelong hormone replacement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper way to administer glucocorticoids to simulate cortisol release?

    <p>Give 2/3 of the dose in the morning, 1/3 in the afternoon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Vitamin D deficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic test would show increased bone density in a patient with hypoparathyroidism?

    <p>X-ray examination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can secondary hyperparathyroidism be managed medically?

    <p>Administering vitamin D supplements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nursing intervention is recommended to prevent injury in patients with hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Providing a safe environment to prevent fractures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical manifestation is NOT typically associated with hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Cataracts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of hypoparathyroidism?

    <p>Weakened tooth enamel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for asking the client to stay awake the night before a sleep EEG exam?

    <p>To induce sleep deprivation for specific brain activity patterns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a myelography/myelogram procedure?

    <p>To visualize the spinal cord and vertebrae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse do if a patient is found to be allergic to contrast agents before a radiographic procedure?

    <p>Stop the procedure and inform the healthcare provider immediately (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?

    <p>Impairment of nerve cell functioning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does increased ICP refer to in the context of neurological conditions?

    <p>An increase in any of the intracranial components like brain tissue, CSF, or blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to encourage fluid intake after a myelography/myelogram procedure?

    <p>To help excrete the contrast material from the body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a serious side effect of Valium administration?

    <p>Yellowing of the skin or eyes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Liquid Valium typically absorbed when administered rectally?

    <p>Immediately within seconds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should Valium not be used on a daily basis?

    <p>To avoid addiction and withdrawal symptoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some nursing interventions recommended during seizure activity?

    <p>Placing the individual in a side-lying position (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of diagnostic tests may be performed to rule out infections or trauma related to seizures?

    <p>Lumbar puncture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some cognitive signs mentioned during the ictal phase of seizures?

    <p>'Déjà-vu' symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common manifestation of an allergic reaction to the iodine contained in a contrast agent?

    <p>Numbness of extremities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate intervention recommended in case of an allergic reaction to contrast media?

    <p>Administering epinephrine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing responsibility before a Computed Tomography (CT) scan involving contrast media?

    <p>Withholding food for 4-6 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan?

    <p>To assess brain function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) aim to overcome?

    <p>The limitation of PET scans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which guideline should a nurse follow after a patient undergoes an angiography procedure?

    <p>Monitor vital signs and neurovascular checks as ordered (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do patients have to remove metallic materials before undergoing a CT scan?

    <p>To prevent interference with x-ray beams (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using contrast media in some CT scans?

    <p>To enhance visualization of internal structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do patients need to remain as still as possible during a CT scan?

    <p>To minimize radiation exposure and ensure clear images (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of deoxyglucose in a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan?

    <p>To provide information about brain function by emitting positrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diagnostic Tests

    • Angiography
      • Uses iodine-containing contrast agent
      • Risks: allergic reaction to iodine, vessel injury, bleeding, and CVA
      • Pre-procedure: NPO 4-6 hours, well-hydrated, clear liquids permitted
      • Post-procedure: monitor VS and neuro signs, bedrest, keep extremity straight and immobilized
    • Computed Tomography (CT) Scan
      • Uses ionizing radiation to detect intracranial and spinal cord lesions
      • Pre-procedure: signed consent, notify physician if client has risk factors, withhold food 4-6 hours
      • Post-procedure: check for delayed allergic response, increase fluid intake if contrast medium used
    • Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan
      • Provides information on brain function, glucose metabolism, and cerebral blood flow
      • Pre-procedure: signed consent, withhold caffeine, alcohol, and tobacco 24 hours prior
      • Post-procedure: increase fluid intake to eliminate radioisotope
    • Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)
      • Overcomes limitations of PET
      • No additional information provided

    Endocrine Disorders

    • Hypocortisolism
      • Causes: adrenal insufficiency, Addison's disease
      • Symptoms: low cortisol levels, hyponatremia, hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, acidosis, hypoglycemia
      • Nursing interventions: administer HRT, monitor VS, provide rest periods, prevent fatigue and infection
    • Hyperparathyroidism
      • Causes: parathyroid adenoma, congenital hyperparathyroidism, multiple endocrine neoplasia
      • Symptoms: hypercalcemia, kidney stones, bone pain, osteoporosis
      • Medical management: surgery, increased fluids, dietary restrictions, medications
    • Hypoparathyroidism
      • Causes: congenital absence, autoimmune disease, removal of parathyroid glands
      • Symptoms: hypocalcemia, neuromuscular symptoms, tetany, psychosis
      • Medical management: vitamin D and calcium supplements

    Other Conditions

    • Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
      • Causes: trauma, hemorrhage, abscesses, growths or tumors, hydrocephalus, edema or inflammation
      • Symptoms: headache, vomiting, seizures, papilledema
      • Nursing interventions: monitor ICP, manage pain, prevent increased ICP
    • Seizures
      • Causes: lead poisoning, hypoglycemia, infection, electrolyte imbalances
      • Symptoms: aura, twitching, loss of consciousness
      • Nursing interventions: protect from injury, decrease external stimuli, keep airway open

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on nursing interventions for patients with low cortisol levels presenting symptoms like hyponatremia, hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, acidosis, and hypoglycemia. Learn about administering Hormonal Replacement Therapy (HRT) with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids according to diurnal rhythm patterns.

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