Fundamentals of Nursing Chapters 1-6
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Questions and Answers

What does theory explain?

An event by defining ideas or concepts, explaining relationships among the concepts, and predicting outcomes.

What is metatheory?

It looks at the relationship of various components that make up knowledge of a discipline.

What is nursing theory?

The conceptualization of some aspects of nursing that describes, explains, predicts, and prescribes nursing care.

What does the term 'domain' refer to in a professional context?

<p>It refers to the perspective or territory of a profession or discipline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a paradigm in the context of disciplines?

<p>A pattern of beliefs used to describe the domain of a discipline, which includes a conceptual framework.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a conceptual framework?

<p>A way to organize major concepts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Nursing Metaparadigm define?

<p>What a nurse is, what they do, and why.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the concepts of the Nursing Metaparadigm?

<p>Person, environment, health, and nursing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of evidence-based practice?

<p>A problem-solving approach to clinical practice that combines deliberate/systematic use of evidence with clinicians' expertise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of evidence-based practice?

<p>Looking for scientific/clinical evidence for treating/managing a problem, improving quality, safety, enhancing patient experience, improving patient outcomes, empowering clinicians, and reducing cost.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Performance Improvement?

<p>A formal approach for analysis of health care-related processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Nursing an Art?

<p>Deliver care with compassion, caring, and respect for patients' dignity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Nursing a Science?

<p>Practice based on a body of knowledge and evidence that is continuously changing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Patricia Benner?

<p>Developed the Model of Skill Acquisition in professional practice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 6 standards of practice?

<p>Assessment, Problems, Outcomes Identification, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nursing process is the foundation of what?

<p>Clinical decision making.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define critical thinking.

<p>Interpret scientific knowledge and integrate clinical experience into practice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 6 Professional Responsibilities and Roles?

<p>Manager, Educator, Communicator, Caregiver, Advocate, Autonomy and accountability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to have autonomy and accountability in a Professional Role?

<p>Independent nursing interventions and hold responsibility for quality of care.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to be a caregiver in a Professional Role?

<p>Help patients maintain/regain health and independence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to be an advocate in a Professional Role?

<p>Protect patients' human and legal rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to be an educator in a Professional Role?

<p>Explain concepts and evaluate patient progress in learning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to be a communicator in a Professional Role?

<p>Central to the nurse-patient relationship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to be a manager in a Professional Role?

<p>Establish an environment for collaborative patient-centered care.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of nursing actions to increase autonomy?

<p>Independent</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is performance improvement?

<p>A formal approach for the analysis of health care-related processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are sentinel events?

<p>Unexpected death or serious physical/psychological injury of a patient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is root cause analysis?

<p>Done after an event to review all the information and identify how the event occurred.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are active errors?

<p>Acts that personnel perform and why they occurred.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are latent errors?

<p>Organization or steps of the process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Florence Nightingale?

<p>Founder of modern nursing and organized the first nursing school.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does QSEN stand for?

<p>Quality and Safety Education for Nurses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of historical influences in nursing?

<p>Knowledge of nursing history increases understanding of the discipline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Affordable Care Act (ACA)?

<p>Improve health care quality and access while lowering costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does patient satisfaction relate to in healthcare?

<p>Responsibility of all health care providers, linked to hospital reimbursements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following with their descriptions:

<p>Palliative Care = Holistic patient and family-centered care to improve quality of life. Hospice Care = Palliative care that's family-centered for patients with terminal illness. Respite Care = Short-term care for patients unable to care for themselves. Continuing Care = Care that provides support for patients with chronic illnesses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the five determinants of healthy people?

<p>Biological, individual behavior, social environment, physical environment, health services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is community health nursing?

<p>Focus on acute care and chronic health problems in the community.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are vulnerable populations?

<p>Groups more likely to develop health problems due to excess health risks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does community assessment involve?

<p>Systematic data collection on the population to monitor health status.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nursing as an Art and Science

  • Nursing involves delivering care with compassion and respect for patient dignity.
  • It is grounded in a constantly evolving body of knowledge and evidence.

Patricia Benner's Model

  • Developed the Model of Skill Acquisition in nursing: Novice → Beginner → Competent → Proficient → Expert.

Standards of Practice

  • Assessment: Collecting and analyzing patient data.
  • Diagnosis: Identifying patient problems.
  • Outcomes Identification: Setting achievable goals.
  • Planning: Developing measurable outcomes.
  • Implementation: Coordinating care and providing health education.
  • Evaluation: Measuring progress towards outcomes.

Nursing Process

  • Serves as the foundation for clinical decision making.

Critical Thinking in Nursing

  • Involves interpreting scientific knowledge and integrating clinical experience into practice.

Professional Responsibilities

  • Key roles include Manager, Educator, Communicator, Caregiver, Advocate, and ensuring Autonomy and Accountability.

Autonomy and Accountability

  • Nurses perform independent interventions while accepting professional and legal responsibility for care quality.

Caregiver Role

  • Nurses help patients regain health and maintain independence through various interventions.

Advocacy in Nursing

  • Protecting patients’ human and legal rights.

Educator Role

  • Nurses explain health concepts, routine procedures, and assess patients' learning progress.

Communication in Nursing

  • Essential for building relationships with patients.

Managerial Role

  • Nurses create a collaborative environment and oversee staff activities.

Nursing Actions to Increase Autonomy

  • Emphasizes dependent (physician-initiated), interdependent (collaborative), and independent (nurse-initiated) actions.

Performance Improvement

  • A structured approach to analyze and enhance health care processes to improve quality and safety.

Sentinel Events

  • Unexpected patient death or serious injury that necessitates performance improvement review.

Root Cause Analysis

  • Investigative process conducted after events to determine the underlying causes.

Health Care History

  • Understanding nursing history aids in comprehending the social and intellectual roots of the discipline.

Florence Nightingale

  • Recognized as the founder of modern nursing and the first practicing epidemiologist.

QSEN (Quality and Safety Education for Nurses)

  • Addresses competency challenges and aims for improved quality of care.

Impact of Emerging Technologies

  • Enhances communication and relationships in nursing without replacing essential nursing care.

Genomics in Nursing

  • Focuses on the study of genes and their interactions with health; informs nurses about patient risk factors.

Public Perception of Nursing

  • The care approach influences how the public views nursing professionals.

Nursing's Role in Health Policy

  • Increasing political awareness among nurses enhances their influence on health policy.

Health Care Delivery Challenges

  • Balancing quality care with cost reduction while improving patient outcomes.

Components of Health Care Delivery

  • Traditional levels include preventative, primary, secondary, tertiary, restorative, and continuing care.

Preventative Care

  • Aims to enhance population health by controlling risk factors; examples include immunizations and screenings.

Levels of Health Care

  • Described as primary (general health maintenance), secondary (specialized acute care), and tertiary (serious illness management).

Restorative Care

  • Focuses on recovery and maintenance of optimal function and quality of life; includes home care and rehabilitation services.

Continuing Care

  • Provides ongoing support for patients who are disabled, terminally ill, or have chronic conditions; includes various settings such as assisted living and hospice care.

Patient Satisfaction

  • A crucial aspect influencing health care quality and costs; connected to hospital reimbursements.

Affordable Care Act (ACA)

  • Aims to improve health care access and quality while lowering costs through preventive care initiatives.

Patient-Centered Care (PCC) Values

  • Emphasizes coordination, access, respect, education, involvement, continuity, and emotional support.

Magnet Recognition Program

  • Acknowledges healthcare organizations outstanding in nursing excellence and leadership.

Community-Based Nursing

  • Focuses on acute and chronic care within the community, enhancing health through promotion and disease prevention.

Vulnerable Populations

  • Candidates who may experience increased health risks and limited access to care; include the poor, elderly, disabled, and mentally ill.

Competency in Nursing

  • Involves applying the nursing process and critical thinking to provide individualized care effectively.

Community Assessment

  • A methodical evaluation of community health needs and the dissemination of pertinent information.

Theoretical Foundations in Nursing

  • The relationship between theory, practice, and research forms the basis of nursing as an art and science.

Evidence-Based Practice

  • Utilizes systematic evidence to inform clinical decisions, improving patient care, outcomes, and cost efficiency.

Performance Improvement Revisited

  • A structured analysis approach to enhance health care-related processes for better outcomes.

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Test your understanding of the fundamentals of nursing with these flashcards covering the key concepts from Chapters 1 to 6. Learn how nursing combines both art and science, as well as the significant contributions of notable figures like Patricia Benner. Perfect for nursing students seeking to reinforce their knowledge.

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