Nursing Hypoglycemia Management Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What sign indicates infiltration of IV fluid into the surrounding interstitial spaces?

Increased heart rate

Edema and coolness at the site (correct)

Increased respiration rate

Elevated blood pressure

What should be done if an air embolism is suspected during IV fluid administration?

Withdraw the IV catheter immediately

Clamp the tubing and place the client in Trendelenburg’s position (correct)

Position the client flat on their back

Circumvent the IV flow until the bag is changed

What can cause decreased venous back pressure during IV administration?

Excessive heat applied to the IV site

Obstruction from a blood clot or venospasm (correct)

Over-hydration of the client

Administering fluids too quickly

What is the appropriate action if there is a cessation of flow in an IV line?

Check the site for infiltration or dislodgement Signup and view all the answers

Which method can help secure an IV cannula effectively?

Using an armboard or splint as needed Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate action when discontinuing parenteral nutrition to prevent hypoglycemia?

Infuse 10% dextrose at the same rate as the parenteral nutrition. Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is indicative of hypoglycemia that should be monitored for in a patient receiving parenteral nutrition?

Diaphoresis Signup and view all the answers

What is the most critical reason to use strict aseptic techniques when dealing with parenteral nutrition?

To prevent contamination of the glucose-rich solution. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a patient shows signs of sepsis while on parenteral nutrition?

Prepare to remove the catheter and send a tip for culture. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended monitoring practice after discontinuing parenteral nutrition to ensure patient safety?

Monitor glucose levels and check the level 1 hour after discontinuation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of phlebitis?

Mechanical or chemical trauma Signup and view all the answers

Which sign is NOT typically associated with thrombophlebitis?

Pain that radiates to the shoulder Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if phlebitis is suspected during IV therapy?

Notify the physician and remove the IV device Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action when using an IV cannula?

Use an IV cannula smaller than the vein Signup and view all the answers

In the event of thrombophlebitis, which of the following actions is incorrect?

Irrigate the IV catheter to relieve symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What symptom indicates phlebitis rather than thrombophlebitis?

Soft and pliable vein at the site Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when choosing a venipuncture site?

Avoid areas of flexion Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is recommended for managing phlebitis symptoms?

Apply warm, moist compresses Signup and view all the answers

When is it appropriate to use an armboard or splint during IV therapy?

If the client is restless or active Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hypoglycemia Management

Abrupt discontinuation of Parenteral Nutrition (PN) can lead to hypoglycemia.
Monitor blood glucose levels; consider levels below 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L) as hypoglycemic.
Symptoms of hypoglycemia include anxiety, diaphoresis, hunger, shakiness, and weakness.
Administer IV dextrose to manage low blood glucose levels.
Infuse 10% dextrose at the same rate as PN for 1-2 hours post-discontinuation.
Check glucose levels one hour after PN is stopped.

Infection Risks

Poor aseptic technique and catheter contamination can lead to sepsis.
Monitor for chills, fever, elevated white blood cell count, and drainage at insertion site.
Strict aseptic practices are essential due to high glucose concentration in PN, which supports bacterial growth.
Prepare for catheter removal and notify the Primary Healthcare Provider (PHCP) if signs of infection occur.

Respiratory Distress

In case of air embolism, clamp the tubing and position the client on their left side with the head down.
Notify the PHCP immediately to prevent serious complications.

Infiltration Signs

Infiltration occurs when IV fluids seep into surrounding tissues, leading to edema, discomfort, or coolness at the site.
Monitor IV rate for any decrease or cessation of flow.
Avoid using veins in areas of flexion and secure the IV cannula with tape.

Phlebitis and Thrombophlebitis

Phlebitis is characterized by inspection signs like redness, tenderness but not swelling; can lead to thrombophlebitis.
Symptoms of thrombophlebitis include hardness and cord-like tenderness at the site.
Remove IV immediately if phlebitis or thrombophlebitis is suspected and notify the PHCP.
Apply warm compresses as prescribed for symptoms management.

Extravasation

Extravasation is serious; identify if vesicant or irritant solutions are involved.
Immediate PHCP notification is required for potential tissue necrosis.
Monitor for skin color changes, discomfort, and document findings.

Infection Control

Ensure strict aseptic technique while caring for the IV site to prevent both local and systemic infections.
Assess patients for risk factors for infection, including pre-existing conditions.

Additional Considerations for PN

Validate PN solution components with the PHCP, sometimes requiring two registered nurses' confirmation.
IV medications and blood should not be administered through the PN line to prevent complications and incompatibilities.
Blood draws from central venous access sites should utilize different ports than those used for PN after a delay to ensure accurate laboratory results.
Monitor laboratory studies such as liver function, renal function, electrolytes, and albumin levels to guide therapy adjustments.
Take precaution against refeeding syndrome in malnourished patients, which can lead to electrolyte imbalances and serious complications.
Store PN solutions under refrigeration and ensure use within 24 hours post-preparation; do not use cloudy or discolored solutions.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the appropriate nursing interventions for hypoglycemia, including the importance of gradual PN discontinuation and IV administration of glucose solutions. This quiz will cover symptoms, monitoring guidelines, and patient education related to managing low blood sugar levels.