Nursing Goals and Human Needs

Goals of Nursing and Related Concepts

• Nursing is defined as the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems (ANA 1980).

• Nursing is an art and science involving individuals, families, and communities to promote well-being of body, mind, and spirit.

• Nursing is assisting individuals, sick or well, in performing activities essential to health or recovery (to peaceful death) that they would perform unaided with necessary strength, will, or knowledge (Virginia Henderson 1960).

Objectives

• Learners will be able to define basic human needs.

• Learners will be able to define the World Health Organization (WHO).

• Learners will be able to explain the conceptual framework model for a generic BSN program.

• Learners will be able to define the goal of the nursing process.

Human Needs

• Needs are necessary for an organism to live a healthy life; they differ from wants.

• Need deficiencies lead to adverse outcomes like dysfunction or death.

• Human needs are grouped into three types:

  • Objective/physical (e.g., food, shelter, security).
  • Subjective/psychological (e.g., self-esteem, affection).
  • Self-fulfillment (e.g., self-actualization).

Maslow's Hierarchy of Human Needs

• Developed by American psychologist Abraham Maslow.

• A five-stage hierarchy where individuals prioritize basic needs before addressing higher-level needs.

• Stages: Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, Self-actualization.

• Physiological: Breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, excretion.

• Safety: Security of body, of employment, of resources, of morality, of the family, of health, of property.

• Love/Belonging: Friendship, family, sexual intimacy.

• Esteem: Self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others.

• Self-actualization: Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem-solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts.

Basic Human Needs

• Needs that are unmet result in illness.

• Met needs are indicators of health and well-being.

• Loss is felt if needs aren't met; satisfaction is felt if needs are met.

• Ten basic human needs include: Clean environment, adequate water supply, clothing, nutritious food, shelter, healthcare, communication, fuel and lighting (energy), access to education, and cultural and spiritual engagement.

World Health Organization (WHO)

• Established on April 7, 1948.

• A specialized, non-political health agency of the United Nations.

• Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

• Provides global health leadership.

• Celebrates World Health Day annually on April 7.

• Vision: Attaining the highest level of health for all people.

• Mission: Leading strategic collaborative efforts among member states and partners to promote equity in health, fight disease, and improve and lengthen the lives of all the world's people.

Conceptual Framework for Generic BSN Program

• (Detailed course outline provided in tables by semester/year)

Nursing Process

• A systematic problem-solving approach used to identify, prevent, and treat actual or potential health problems, promoting well-being.

• Steps: Assessment, Nursing Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.

Goals of Nursing Process

• Identify a client's health status and health problems (actual and potential).

• Develop plans to address identified needs.

• Deliver specific nursing interventions to meet those needs.

• Provide an organizational framework for nursing practice.

• Involve all essential steps of patient care.

This quiz explores the fundamental goals and concepts of nursing, including definitions and frameworks related to human needs in healthcare. Learners will gain insights into the role of nursing in promoting well-being and the significance of the nursing process in addressing health problems. Perfect for students in a BSN program.