Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the focus of acute care in secondary and tertiary care settings?
What is the focus of acute care in secondary and tertiary care settings?
What percentage of healthcare spending is consumed by 20% of the population?
What percentage of healthcare spending is consumed by 20% of the population?
What is the primary goal of restorative care?
What is the primary goal of restorative care?
Which type of care involves the provision of medically related services and equipment to patients in their homes?
Which type of care involves the provision of medically related services and equipment to patients in their homes?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the focus of restorative care rehabilitation?
What is the focus of restorative care rehabilitation?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of care is provided in skilled nursing facilities?
What type of care is provided in skilled nursing facilities?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary goal of continuing care?
What is the primary goal of continuing care?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the delivery of health care services over a period of time referred to as?
What is the delivery of health care services over a period of time referred to as?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary goal of the Institute of Medicine's recommendation for nurses to practice to the full extent of their education and training?
What is the primary goal of the Institute of Medicine's recommendation for nurses to practice to the full extent of their education and training?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of healthcare accreditation?
What is the primary purpose of healthcare accreditation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of a theory in nursing?
What is the primary function of a theory in nursing?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary focus of the nursing domain?
What is the primary focus of the nursing domain?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of evidence-based practice in nursing?
What is the primary purpose of evidence-based practice in nursing?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the first step in the evidence-based practice process?
What is the first step in the evidence-based practice process?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of interdisciplinary theories in nursing?
What is the primary function of interdisciplinary theories in nursing?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary outcome of theory-generating or theory-testing research in nursing?
What is the primary outcome of theory-generating or theory-testing research in nursing?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the 'P' in the Picot question stand for?
What does the 'P' in the Picot question stand for?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the goal of Healthy People according to the content?
What is the goal of Healthy People according to the content?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the definition of health according to the content?
What is the definition of health according to the content?
Signup and view all the answers
What model addresses the relationship between a person's beliefs and behaviors?
What model addresses the relationship between a person's beliefs and behaviors?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary level of prevention?
What is the primary level of prevention?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the duration of an acute illness?
What is the duration of an acute illness?
Signup and view all the answers
What influences how people monitor their bodies and define and interpret their symptoms?
What influences how people monitor their bodies and define and interpret their symptoms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the impact of illness on the patient's family?
What is the impact of illness on the patient's family?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main goal of nursing standards of practice?
What is the main goal of nursing standards of practice?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary focus of primary care?
What is the primary focus of primary care?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of a nurse in the health care team?
What is the role of a nurse in the health care team?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of nursing certification?
What is the purpose of nursing certification?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary goal of health promotion?
What is the primary goal of health promotion?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of a nurse in the health care team?
What is the role of a nurse in the health care team?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of Florence Nightingale in the history of nursing?
What is the significance of Florence Nightingale in the history of nursing?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary focus of tertiary care?
What is the primary focus of tertiary care?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of a nurse in preventing illnesses?
What is the role of a nurse in preventing illnesses?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of Virginia Henderson's definition of nursing?
What is the significance of Virginia Henderson's definition of nursing?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Nursing Profession
- Responds to the needs of patients, actively participates in policy, and adapts to challenges
- Makes clinical judgments and decisions based on knowledge, experience, and standard of care
- Care is provided according to standards of practice and a code of ethics
Florence Nightingale and Virginia Henderson
- Florence Nightingale: first epidemiologist, organized the first school of nursing, and improved sanitation in battlefield hospitals
- Her practices remain a basic part of nursing today
- Virginia Henderson: "the unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to a peaceful death)"
Aims of Nursing
- Promote wellness: maintain physical, emotional, and mental well-being
- Prevent illness: reduce the prevalence and incidence of diseases
- Restore health: help patients recover from illness
- Facilitate coping: prevent harm or diminish threats
Influences on Nursing
- Changes in society lead to changes in nursing: health care reform, demographic changes, medically underserved, threat of bioterrorism, rising health care costs, and nursing shortage
Nursing as a Profession
- Requires an extended education
- Requires a body of knowledge
- Provides a specific service
- Has autonomy
- Incorporates a code of ethics
Nursing Discipline
- A unique perspective or way of viewing something
- A body of knowledge, practice, and system of rules
- Defines the boundaries in which we practice
Scope and Standards of Practice
- Goals: improve the health and well-being of all individuals, communities, and populations through significant and visible contributions of registered nursing using standards-based practice
- Standards of practice: assessment, diagnosis, outcomes identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation
Nursing Standards
- Provide guidelines for implementing and evaluating nursing care
- Standards of professional performance: ethics, education, evidence-based practice, and research
Code of Ethics
- Is the philosophical ideals of right and wrong that define principles used to provide care
- Important to incorporate personal values and ethics into practice
Nursing Roles
- Protect, promote, and optimize patient health
- Prevent illness and injury, alleviate suffering through diagnosis and treatment of human responses
- Advocate for the care of patients
Benner's Stages of Nursing Proficiency
- Novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert
Professional Responsibilities
- Nurses are responsible for obtaining and maintaining specific knowledge and skills
- Now: provide care and comfort, and emphasize health promotion and illness prevention
Professional Roles
- Autonomy and accountability
- Caregiver, advocate, educator, communicator, and manager
Members of the Health Care Team
- Patient and family, volunteers, physicians, spiritual counselors, social workers, pharmacist, home health aides, therapists, and nurses
Specialty Certification
- Defined by the American Board of Nursing Specialties (ABNS) as a formal recognition of specialized knowledge, skills, and experience demonstrated by achievement
- Establishes a professional standard for qualified nurses, demonstrates commitment to a particular specialty
Challenges to Health Care
- Reducing costs while maintaining high-quality care for patients
- Improving access and coverage for more people
- Encouraging healthy behaviors
- Earlier hospital discharges
Health Care Settings and Services
-
- Preventive care
-
- Primary care
-
- Secondary care
-
- Tertiary care
-
- Restorative care
-
- Continuing care
Preventive Care and Primary Care
- Focuses on improved health outcomes for an entire population
- Requires collaboration among health professionals, health care leaders, and community members
- Health promotion lowers overall costs, reduces the incidence of disease, minimizes complications, and reduces the need for more expensive resources
Secondary and Tertiary Care
- Acute care: focus on diagnosis and treatment of disease
- Disease management is the most common and expensive service of the health care delivery system
- 20% of patients require 80% of health care spending
- Fastest-growing age group of uninsured is postponing care
Restorative Care
- Serves patients recovering from an acute or chronic illness/disability
- Helps individuals regain maximal function and enhance quality of life
- Promotes patient independence and self-care abilities
- Requires a multidisciplinary approach
Home Care and Rehabilitation
- Provision of medically related professional and paraprofessional services and equipment to patients and families in their homes
- Involves coordination of services, focuses on patient and family independence, and is funded by insurance or private pay sources
Continuing Care
- For people who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering from a terminal disease
- Available within institutional settings or in the home
- Includes nursing centers or facilities, assisted living, respite care, adult day care centers, and hospice
Institute of Medicine (IOM)
- Nurses need to be transformed by practicing to the full extent of their education and training
- Achieving higher levels of education and training through an improved education system that provides seamless progression
- Improving data collection and the information infrastructure
Healthcare Accreditation and Regulation
- Demonstrate quality and safety to evaluate performance, identify problems, and develop solutions
- Accreditation earned by the entire organization
- Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) aims to provide access to health care for all, reduce costs, and improve quality
Theory in Nursing
- Helps explain an idea/concept, explains relationships among concepts, predicts outcomes, and presents ideas that are suggested or presented as possibly true but not known or proven to be true
- Components of theory: concepts, definitions, assumptions, and phenomenon
- Nursing theory: explains, describes, predicts, and prescribes
Nursing Domain
- A specific area of expert knowledge that describes the profession's subject, concepts, values, and beliefs
- The profession itself, past, present, and future
Theory and Nursing Process
- Theories generate nursing knowledge for use in practice
- Directs how to use the nursing process
- Adaptable to different patients and care settings
Interdisciplinary Theories
- Explain systematic views of phenomena, specific to the discipline of inquiry
- Basic human needs (Maslow), developmental, psychosocial systems
Evidence-Based Practice
- 6 steps: ask the clinical question, collect the best evidence, critique the evidence, integrate the evidence, evaluate the practice decision or change, and share the outcomes of EBP changes with others
- PICO question: P-patient population of interest, I-intervention of interest, C-comparison of interest, O-outcome, and T-time
Health and Wellness
- Healthy People goals: attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature health
- Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups
- Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
- Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behavior across all life stages
Health Promotion and Prevention
- Primary prevention: true prevention that lowers the chances that a disease will develop
- Secondary prevention: focuses on those who have a disease or are at risk of developing a disease
- Tertiary prevention: occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible
- Risk factors that can increase the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident
Illness and Illness Behavior
- State in which a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
- Acute illness: short duration and severe
- Chronic illness: persists longer than 6 months
- Illness behavior: involves how people monitor their bodies and define and interpret their symptoms, influenced by many variables and must be considered by the nurse when planning care
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your understanding of the principles and practices of nursing, including the role of nurses, standards of care, and the contributions of pioneers like Florence Nightingale and Virginia Henderson.
