Ethics in Mental Health Nursing
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Questions and Answers

What ethical considerations are important in mental health nursing?

Paternalism, coercion, and power dynamics

Which framework can be centered in most contexts of moral decisions?

  • TVIC (correct)
  • Bioethics
  • Utilitarianism
  • Deontology
  • Coercion is uncommon in mental health treatment.

    False

    What is a major ethical concern in public health regarding interventions?

    <p>Power asymmetries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issues need to be discussed regarding mental health treatment coercion?

    <p>Underlying issues related to patient rights and care ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document is referenced regarding mental illness and violence?

    <p>DSM-V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Public health ethics often considers the balance of _______ in their interventions.

    <p>individual rights and collective responsibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding cultural perspectives in public health?

    <p>It aids in creating equitable and effective health interventions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the non-coercive provision of services to people who use drugs?

    <p>Empowering PWUD to reduce harms and share information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The phrase 'Nothing About Us Without Us' emphasizes the importance of including people who use drugs in decision-making.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the course objectives focus on at the end of the course?

    <p>Understanding events, principles, and philosophies related to ethical analysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding historical events in relation to current practices?

    <p>It allows for better ethical decision-making.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What similarities exist between the psychiatric/long-term care system and the carceral system?

    Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the nurse in managing confinement?

    Signup and view all the answers

    Within the 48 hours prior to the court hearing, nursing is responsible for organising the ______ if the patient is contesting the confinement.

    <p>transportation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the types of confinement mentioned in the notes?

    <p>Regular Confinement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patients may be released from confinement by a psychiatrist filing a PSY form.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What documentation is required in a patient's chart regarding confinement?

    Signup and view all the answers

    Which issues in confinement are mentioned?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of listening to young people's voices in childhood ethics?

    Signup and view all the answers

    Women spend significantly less time on unpaid caregiving than men.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the ethical challenges faced in pediatric care?

    Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main phases in disaster and pandemic preparedness?

    <p>Prevention, response, recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of disaster preparedness?

    <p>To ensure the safety and health of populations during disasters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical value is prioritized when resources are scarce during a pandemic?

    <p>Equal treatment for all</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Emergency response plans should include logistical support for communities.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ethical framework for public health responses includes elements such as ______, proportionality, and reciprocity.

    <p>effectiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be conducted during the recovery phase of a disaster?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key responsibility of public health nurses during a pandemic?

    <p>To provide care and support logistics for affected populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an intervention strategy for equity-oriented health care?

    <p>Develop supportive organizational processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stigma surrounding substance use can negatively impact health outcomes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the key drivers of stigma related to substance use?

    <p>Poor willpower, moral failure, and social identity stigmas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following triage categories with their descriptions:

    <p>Emergency = Life-threatening injuries that are treatable Urgent = Treatment may be delayed without significant mortality Delayed = Patients with minor injuries or non-ICU needs Expectant = Patients requiring extensive treatment exceeding resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Confinement types: Preventative, Provisional, Regular. Each has specific legal and procedural implications.
    • Nursing Implications: Involve transporting patients to court, providing medical support (wheelchairs, medication), managing confinement documentation (PSY1, PSY2).
    • Documentation: Detailed charting is crucial, including the reasons for confinement, assessments, interventions, and patient responses. Progress notes and patient treatment information are essential.
    • Roles: Clerks/unit coordinators manage administrative tasks; nurses provide direct patient care, including assessments, medication administration, and court preparation. ANMs/NMs supervise and oversee the process.
    • Court Procedures: Nurses are involved in preparing patients for court, transporting them, and providing support. Court orders dictate the duration and renewal of confinement.

    Recap of Court Orders Under CCQ & Treatment Orders

    • Court orders under the Civil Code of Quebec (CCQ) govern involuntary treatment and confinement.
    • Treatment orders specify the type and duration of treatment a patient will receive.

    Confinement in an Institution: General Principles & Parameters

    • Confinement is a measure of last resort, used only when less restrictive options have failed.
    • A thorough psychiatric evaluation is necessary to assess the patient's condition and need for confinement.
    • Legal parameters and patient rights must be carefully followed.
    • Types of confinement vary (preventative, provisional, regular). Duration depends on the type and legal assessment.

    Preventative Confinement

    • Initiated to prevent harm to the patient or others.
    • Requires a court order based on an assessment of risk.
    • Specific procedures determine the length of confinement.

    Motion for Authorized Confinement

    • Process involves a psychiatrist's report, submission to the court, and a hearing.
    • Duration varies but can be extended under certain circumstances.
    • PSY content should be detailed, accurate, and justified.
    • Court order criteria must be met.
    • Renewal requires reevaluation. The confinement ends when criteria are no longer met or a new psychiatric evaluation supports lifting the order.
    • Patients maintain certain rights while under confinement.

    Potential Issues in Confinement

    • Balancing patient rights and safety.
    • Managing ethical dilemmas related to autonomy and coercion.
    • COVID-19 testing and confinement protocols.

    Case Law: Key Cases & Their Significance

    • Several cases highlight legal precedents and the challenges in balancing patient rights and public safety. Understanding these provides context for ethical questions around confinement.

    Privacy: Patient Access and Medical Records

    • Patients have a right to access their medical records.
    • Strict confidentiality must be maintained.
    • Specific procedures are in place when dealing with deceased patients and minors.

    Management of Limited Resources and Patient Rights

    • Balancing resource allocation with patient rights. The cases cited illustrate the balancing of resources and patient rights in end-of-life situations and other treatment.

    Class 6: Childhood Ethics

    • Readings highlight the moral agency of children and the importance of listening to their voices.
    • Jordan's Principle addresses the rights of Indigenous children.

    Pediatric Ethical Norms in Canada

    • Canadian Pediatric Society (CPS) guidelines emphasize the best interests of the child.
    • Determining which therapies to provide and who should make the decisions involves considerations of capacity and consent.
    • Confidentiality issues vary depending on child's age and situations.
    • Challenges arise in cases of long-term disability, critical illness, and health inequities.

    Pediatric Palliative Care

    • Focuses on quality of life and symptom management.
    • Involves the family and child in decision making.

    Class 7: End-of-Life Ethics

    • Readings explore the conditions for a good death and the role of nurses in medical assistance in dying (MAID).
    • Indigenous perspectives on end-of-life care are essential.
    • Resources provided help healthcare workers reflect on their values regarding MAID.

    Good Death Reflection

    • A "good death" encompasses various factors, including pain and symptom management, emotional support, and maintaining dignity.
    • Women greatly disproportionately undertake unpaid caregiving responsibilities.

    Applied Ethics and Nursing at the End of Life

    • The case of Elena highlights challenges in end-of-life decision-making when patients lack capacity. The emphasis should be on comfort over aggressively prolonging life.

    The Multiple Meanings of Futility

    • Medical futility is complex with several dimensions. The determination requires clinical evaluation as treatments' benefits may not outweigh their burdens.

    Hassan Rasouli Case

    • This landmark case dealt with the withdrawal of life support.

    Applied Ethics: Process in the Event of Disagreement

    • Strategies for conflict resolution include open communication, shared decision-making, and ethical consultation.

    Act Respecting End of Life Care

    • Outlines the legal framework for MAID.

    Palliative Care & Palliative Sedation

    • Palliative care aims to alleviate suffering and improve quality of life.
    • Palliative sedation may be used to control intractable symptoms. The case of Donald illustrates a complex and nuanced situation.

    Medical Aid in Dying (MAID)

    • Provides a legal framework for MAID in Canada.
    • Conscientious objection allows healthcare providers to refuse to participate in MAID based on their personal beliefs.

    Advance Medical Directives (AMD)

    • Allow individuals to express their wishes regarding future medical treatment.

    Workshop 2: MAID Self-Assessment Tool

    • A step-by-step process for healthcare workers to self-assess their values and perspectives on MAID.

    Storch Model

    • A framework for ethical decision-making in healthcare.

    Class 9: Mental Health Ethics

    • Readings explore ethical concepts in mental health nursing, including autonomy, dignity, and the ethics of care. Intersectionality and the carceral nature of some systems are addressed.

    Information Sharing in Child and Adolescent Mental Health

    • Ethical considerations around confidentiality and consent.

    Coercion in Providing Treatment

    • The ethical implications of coercive interventions in mental health care are emphasized.

    Building Ethical Practice

    • Ethical principles and practical approaches to ethical decision-making in mental health nursing.

    Context in Canada

    • Current mental health service delivery models in Canada.
    • Statistics illustrate the prevalence of mental illness and the burden of mental illness on the Canadian healthcare system.

    Mental Illness and Violence

    • Exploring the relationship between mental illness and violence, challenging stereotypes and reducing stigma. The DSM-5 is mentioned as a widely-used diagnostic tool.

    Mental Illness and the Law

    • Legal aspects of mental health care, including involuntary treatment and commitment.

    Ethics in Mental Health Nursing

    • Core ethical principles and their application in mental health nursing practice.

    Paternalism, Coercion, and Power in Mental Health

    • Concerns around autonomy and patient rights within the power dynamics of the healthcare system. The concept of paternalism is explored.

    Stigma in Mental Health

    • The impact of stigma on individuals with mental illness and the need for destigmatization are addressed.

    Trauma and Violence Informed Care

    • Various healthcare models exist.

    Artificial Intelligence and Health

    • Learning objectives unspecified.
    • AI's definition not provided.
    • AI's potential applications in healthcare and education are numerous but not specified.
    • AI ethics in healthcare: Historical context and specific ethical considerations are missing.
    • AI's role in teaching and learning: Current limitations and how AI can improve learning experiences are unstated.

    Midterm Review Session

    • Content not detailed.

    Class 10: Public Health Ethics -- Readings

    Reading 1: Upshur, R -- Principles for the justification of public health intervention (2002)

    • Guiding questions and notes are missing.

    Reading 2: CNA Nurses Ethical Considerations Pandemic

    • Ethical considerations during a pandemic for nurses are discussed but details are absent.

    Reading 3: Addressing power asymmetries in Global Health: imperatives in the wake of Covid (Abimbola, 2021)

    • Summary of the article is not provided.

    Video 1: How can public health reduce inequities faced by Indigenous Peoples?

    • Key points are unspecified.

    Video 2: Glenda Sandy, Indigenous Perspectives

    • Guiding questions and notes are missing.

    Video 3: Sir Michael Marmot on SDH 17:50-19:30

    • Key points from the specified timeframe are absent.

    Video 4: What is Health Equity

    • Definition and related concepts are not specified.

    Class 10: Public Health Ethics -- Lecture

    BIPOC Nurses + Midwives

    • Discussion on representation and inclusivity but lacking detail.

    Public Health Ethics

    • A diagram of healthcare ethics is mentioned but specifics are absent.

    Public Health in Practice

    Rabies
    • Key information missing.
    Obesity Worldwide
    • Key information and data are unspecified.

    Public Health Values and Law

    • Key principles and details are not provided.

    Public Health Law

    • Key aspects and details are not included.

    Slido Questions & Answers

    • Municipal, Federal, all four, collaboration were answers. One answer was deemed false, potentially referring to relational, organizational, or environmental factors beyond relationships. Specific questions are not stated.

    Public Health Ethics

    • Diagram of ethics is mentioned, but specifics omitted.
    • Other Ethical Frameworks for Public Health: List of frameworks with descriptive labels '1.a.', '2.b.', etc. are given without the frameworks themselves.
    • Relationships in Public Health: Types of relationships are noted without elaboration.

    Applying Public Health Ethics to Public Health Cases

    Tuberculosis
    • Key aspects absent.
    Vaccination
    • Key aspects are missing.
    Climate and health
    • Key aspects and information are not present.

    Class 11: Harm Reduction, Emergency, and Pandemic Ethics - Readings

    Article 1: Nurse's Ethical Considerations During a Pandemic

    • Guiding questions, notes, and public health principles are missing. A diagram of a health ethics framework is referenced.

    Article 2: Addressing power asymmetries in global health

    • Key points are missing.

    Global Health Primer

    Video 1: Convocation Address Spring 2021, Prof Madhukar Pai
    • Key points are absent.
    Video 2: Dr. Senait Fisseha - Power, Privilege, and Reproductive Justice in Global Health
    • Content not detailed.
    Video 3: GH
    • The content of the video is unspecified.

    Class 11: Harm Reduction, Emergency, and Pandemic Ethics - Lecture

    Disaster and Pandemic Preparedness & Response

    • Emergency Preparedness/Disaster Planning: Key information and details are missing. The ICN (International Council of Nurses) is mentioned.
    • A table detailing disaster phases aligned with the nursing process is included, but the content of the table is not described.
    • Major Ethical Issues in Pandemic Planning: A diagram and table regarding resource allocation are mentioned. The content of the diagram and table are not described. A reference to Emanuel, E.J., et al. (2020) is given.
    • Allocation of Resources in Humanitarian Crisis: A table outlining resource prioritization (priority groups and colors) is mentioned, but the details are undefined. A reference to Christian, M.D. (2019) is given.

    Public Health Ethics Framework (Canada's COVID-19 Response)

    • Effectiveness, proportionality, reciprocity, precaution, respect for persons/communities/human rights, trust, promoting well-being, minimizing harm, and justice are guiding principles.

    Professional Responsibilities in Disaster/Pandemic Response

    • Information lacking in the provided text.

    Public Adherence, Surveillance, and Data in Disasters/Pandemics

    • Information lacking in the provided text.

    Harm Reduction and Substance Use

    • Equity-oriented healthcare is crucial, addressing inequities and tailoring services to context.
    • Ten strategies for enhancing equity-oriented services include explicit commitment to equity, supportive organizational structures, re-visioning time use, attending to power differentials, tailoring care to local contexts, actively countering racism/discrimination, seeking community input, tailoring care for violence, enhancing access to social determinants of health, and optimizing place/space use.

    Drivers of Stigma (Substance Use)

    • Substance use stigma stems from beliefs about willpower, morality, danger, and the illness nature of addiction.
    • Social identity stigmas (racism, sexism, etc.) intersect with substance use stigma.
    • Stigma practices include media portrayals, social exclusion, discrimination, and inappropriate language from professionals.
    • Experiences of stigma include enacted stigma (unfair treatment), internalized stigma (shame), anticipated stigma, and secondary stigma for loved ones.
    • Outcomes include decreased healthcare use, concealment of substance use disorder, job loss, increased homelessness risk, and poorer health outcomes.

    Pragmatism in Harm Reduction (Substance Use)

    • Accepts that licit/illicit drug use exists and focuses on minimizing harm rather than condemnation.
    • Prioritizes individual/community well-being, not necessarily complete cessation of drug use.
    • Ensures people who use drugs have a voice in program/policy creation.
    • Recognizes that poverty, racism, trauma, and other social inequalities impact drug use.
    • Understands drug use as a continuum, with varying levels of harm.
    • Advocates for non-judgmental, non-coercive services and empowers people who use drugs to support each other. Emphasizes a "Nothing About Us Without Us" approach.

    Class 12: Workshop 3 (Preparation & Presentation)

    • Workshop content not detailed in the provided text.

    Class 13: HIV Criminalization (Readings & Lecture)

    • Reading 1: Focuses on advocating for social justice and critical responses to HIV criminalization.
    • Reading 2: Summary of key points from CATIE (Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange) material on HIV criminalization. The content of the summary is not provided.
    • Global Context: Information lacking in the provided text.
    • Canadian Context: Information lacking in the provided text.
    • Barriers to HIV Disclosure: Stigma, fear of legal repercussions, discrimination, and lack of trust in healthcare systems are highlighted.

    Camille's Course Closing Notes (424 Course)

    • A concept map summarized course content, timelines, ethical analysis methods, nursing law, the application of principles and frameworks within different settings.
    • Course objectives were reviewed.
    • The historical context of ethical philosophies and principles was emphasized.
    • Moral courage and building a strong voice were discussed.

    Final Exam & EduFlow

    • Content of the final exam is not specified.
    • EduFlow notes focused on ideas for creating culturally safe course content.

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    Ethics Notes - Post Midterm PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores key ethical considerations in mental health nursing, focusing on frameworks for moral decision-making and the implications of coercion in treatment. It also addresses cultural perspectives and historical context relevant to public health ethics. Test your understanding of important ethical principles and their application in nursing practice.

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