Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of primary prevention?
What is the primary focus of primary prevention?
- Reducing the spread of disease once it occurs
- Reducing the incidence of disease (correct)
- Enhancing the understanding of health risks
- Improving the quality of life for individuals with permanent defects
Which of the following is an example of a nonmodifiable risk factor?
Which of the following is an example of a nonmodifiable risk factor?
- Poor nutrition
- Family history (correct)
- Smoking
- Lack of exercise
What is the main goal of health education?
What is the main goal of health education?
- To help people develop a greater understanding of their health and how to better manage their health risks (correct)
- To improve the quality of life for individuals with permanent defects
- To protect people from actual or potential threats to health
- To reduce the incidence of disease
What is the term for the process of identifying risk factors and implementing strategies to change health behaviors?
What is the term for the process of identifying risk factors and implementing strategies to change health behaviors?
What is the term for the stage in which a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible?
What is the term for the stage in which a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible?
What is the term for the factors that increase the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident?
What is the term for the factors that increase the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident?
What is the term for the process of helping individuals maintain or enhance their present health?
What is the term for the process of helping individuals maintain or enhance their present health?
What is the term for the process of protecting people from actual or potential threats to health?
What is the term for the process of protecting people from actual or potential threats to health?
What is the model that describes the stages of change?
What is the model that describes the stages of change?
What is the term for the factors that are related to an individual's background and upbringing?
What is the term for the factors that are related to an individual's background and upbringing?
What is a characteristic of a chronic illness?
What is a characteristic of a chronic illness?
Which type of illness has a severe impact on functioning?
Which type of illness has a severe impact on functioning?
What is illness behavior?
What is illness behavior?
What is an internal variable that influences illness and illness behavior?
What is an internal variable that influences illness and illness behavior?
What is a common impact of illness on the patient's self-concept?
What is a common impact of illness on the patient's self-concept?
What is a way to care for oneself physically?
What is a way to care for oneself physically?
What is a common impact of illness on family roles?
What is a common impact of illness on family roles?
What is a type of illness that affects a person's emotional functioning?
What is a type of illness that affects a person's emotional functioning?
What is an external variable that influences illness and illness behavior?
What is an external variable that influences illness and illness behavior?
What is a way to care for oneself emotionally?
What is a way to care for oneself emotionally?
What is the primary goal of Healthy People 2030?
What is the primary goal of Healthy People 2030?
What is the definition of health according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?
What is the definition of health according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?
What is the main purpose of models of health and illness?
What is the main purpose of models of health and illness?
What is the Health Belief Model primarily used for?
What is the Health Belief Model primarily used for?
What is considered in the Holistic Health Model?
What is considered in the Holistic Health Model?
What can influence health beliefs and practices?
What can influence health beliefs and practices?
What is the main difference between health and wellness?
What is the main difference between health and wellness?
What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs used for?
What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs used for?
What can health beliefs be based on?
What can health beliefs be based on?
What can be influenced by health beliefs?
What can be influenced by health beliefs?
Which of the following internal variables influences illness and illness behavior?
Which of the following internal variables influences illness and illness behavior?
What is the primary goal of tertiary prevention?
What is the primary goal of tertiary prevention?
What is the focus of secondary prevention?
What is the focus of secondary prevention?
What is the purpose of health risk appraisal forms?
What is the purpose of health risk appraisal forms?
What is the term for the state in which a person's physical, emotional, or social functioning is impaired?
What is the term for the state in which a person's physical, emotional, or social functioning is impaired?
What is the term for the factors that increase the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident?
What is the term for the factors that increase the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident?
What is the focus of health promotion?
What is the focus of health promotion?
What is the Transtheoretical Model of Change primarily used for?
What is the Transtheoretical Model of Change primarily used for?
What is the term for the process of identifying risk factors and implementing strategies to change health behaviors?
What is the term for the process of identifying risk factors and implementing strategies to change health behaviors?
What is the primary focus of health education?
What is the primary focus of health education?
Which type of illness would most likely have a short duration and severe impact on functioning?
Which type of illness would most likely have a short duration and severe impact on functioning?
What type of variable influences illness and illness behavior from within the individual?
What type of variable influences illness and illness behavior from within the individual?
Which of the following is a common impact of illness on the patient's family?
Which of the following is a common impact of illness on the patient's family?
What is the primary focus of caring for oneself?
What is the primary focus of caring for oneself?
What is the primary objective of Healthy People 2030?
What is the primary objective of Healthy People 2030?
Which of the following is an example of how people monitor their bodies and define and interpret their symptoms?
Which of the following is an example of how people monitor their bodies and define and interpret their symptoms?
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what is the definition of health?
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what is the definition of health?
What type of illness would most likely affect a person's emotional functioning?
What type of illness would most likely affect a person's emotional functioning?
What is the main purpose of models of health and illness?
What is the main purpose of models of health and illness?
What is a common impact of illness on the patient's body image?
What is a common impact of illness on the patient's body image?
What does the Health Belief Model primarily focus on?
What does the Health Belief Model primarily focus on?
What is considered in the Holistic Health Model?
What is considered in the Holistic Health Model?
Which of the following is a way to care for oneself physically?
Which of the following is a way to care for oneself physically?
What is a common impact of illness on the patient's social functioning?
What is a common impact of illness on the patient's social functioning?
What can influence health beliefs and practices?
What can influence health beliefs and practices?
Which of the following is a way to care for oneself emotionally?
Which of the following is a way to care for oneself emotionally?
What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs used for?
What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs used for?
What can health beliefs be based on?
What can health beliefs be based on?
What is the main difference between health and wellness?
What is the main difference between health and wellness?
What are leading health indicators?
What are leading health indicators?
Study Notes
Healthy People
- Provides evidence-based, 10-year national objectives for promoting health and preventing disease
- Healthy People 2030 promotes a society in which all people live long, healthy lives and identifies leading health indicators
Definition of Health
- A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 1947, 2018)
- A state of being that people define in relation to their own values, personality, and lifestyle
Models of Health and Illness
- Health beliefs: a person's ideas, convictions, and attitudes about health and illness, influenced by reality, false expectations, facts, misinformation, good or bad experiences
- Health Belief Model: explains how people perceive and respond to health messages
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: used to understand the interrelationships of human needs
- Holistic Health Model: considers emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, and physical aspects of wellness
Variables Influencing Health
- Internal variables:
- Developmental stage
- Intellectual background
- Perception of functioning
- Emotional factors
- Spiritual factors
- External variables:
- Family role and practices
- Social determinants of health
- Culture
Health Promotion, Wellness, and Illness Prevention
- Health promotion: helps individuals maintain or enhance their present health
- Health education: helps people develop a greater understanding of their health and how to better manage their health risks
- Illness prevention: protects people from actual or potential threats to health
Three Levels of Prevention
- Primary prevention: true prevention that reduces the incidence of disease
- Secondary prevention: focuses on preventing the spread of disease, illness, or infection once it occurs
- Tertiary prevention: occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible
Risk Factors
- Any attribute, quality, environmental situation, or trait that increases the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident
- Nonmodifiable risk factors
- Modifiable risk factors
- Environment
Risk Factor Identification and Changing Health Behaviors
- Identify risk factors through assessment and health risk appraisal forms
- Implement education and counseling, wellness strategies, and understand the stages of change using the Transtheoretical Model of Change
Illness
- A state in which a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
- Acute illness: short duration and severe
- Chronic illness: lasts longer than 6 months and affects functioning
- Illness behavior: involves how people monitor their bodies and define and interpret their symptoms
- Impact of illness on the patient and family, including behavioral and emotional changes, impact on body image, self-concept, family roles, and family dynamics
Caring for Yourself
- Eat a nutritious diet
- Get adequate sleep
- Engage in exercise and relaxation activities
- Establish a good work-family balance
- Engage in regular nonwork activities
Healthy People
- Provides evidence-based, 10-year national objectives for promoting health and preventing disease
- Healthy People 2030 promotes a society in which all people live long, healthy lives and identifies leading health indicators
Definition of Health
- A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 1947, 2018)
- A state of being that people define in relation to their own values, personality, and lifestyle
Models of Health and Illness
- Health beliefs: a person's ideas, convictions, and attitudes about health and illness, influenced by reality, false expectations, facts, misinformation, good or bad experiences
- Health Belief Model: explains how people perceive and respond to health messages
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: used to understand the interrelationships of human needs
- Holistic Health Model: considers emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, and physical aspects of wellness
Variables Influencing Health
- Internal variables:
- Developmental stage
- Intellectual background
- Perception of functioning
- Emotional factors
- Spiritual factors
- External variables:
- Family role and practices
- Social determinants of health
- Culture
Health Promotion, Wellness, and Illness Prevention
- Health promotion: helps individuals maintain or enhance their present health
- Health education: helps people develop a greater understanding of their health and how to better manage their health risks
- Illness prevention: protects people from actual or potential threats to health
Three Levels of Prevention
- Primary prevention: true prevention that reduces the incidence of disease
- Secondary prevention: focuses on preventing the spread of disease, illness, or infection once it occurs
- Tertiary prevention: occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible
Risk Factors
- Any attribute, quality, environmental situation, or trait that increases the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident
- Nonmodifiable risk factors
- Modifiable risk factors
- Environment
Risk Factor Identification and Changing Health Behaviors
- Identify risk factors through assessment and health risk appraisal forms
- Implement education and counseling, wellness strategies, and understand the stages of change using the Transtheoretical Model of Change
Illness
- A state in which a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
- Acute illness: short duration and severe
- Chronic illness: lasts longer than 6 months and affects functioning
- Illness behavior: involves how people monitor their bodies and define and interpret their symptoms
- Impact of illness on the patient and family, including behavioral and emotional changes, impact on body image, self-concept, family roles, and family dynamics
Caring for Yourself
- Eat a nutritious diet
- Get adequate sleep
- Engage in exercise and relaxation activities
- Establish a good work-family balance
- Engage in regular nonwork activities
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of health and wellness, including Healthy People 2030, a set of evidence-based national objectives for promoting health and preventing disease.
