Nursing Chapter 6: Health and Wellness
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of Healthy People 2030?

  • To focus on physical health only, ignoring mental and social well-being
  • To promote a society in which all people live long, healthy lives (correct)
  • To identify leading health indicators only in the United States
  • To provide evidence-based national objectives for promoting disease only
  • According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what is the definition of health?

  • A state of being that is defined by a person's age and lifestyle
  • A state of being that is only influenced by genetics
  • The absence of disease or infirmity only
  • A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being (correct)
  • What is the primary focus of health education?

  • To enhance the present health of individuals
  • To help people develop a greater understanding of their health and how to better manage their health risks (correct)
  • To reduce the incidence of disease
  • To protect individuals from actual or potential threats to health
  • What is the main objective of tertiary prevention?

    <p>To manage a permanent or irreversible defect or disability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of models in health and illness?

    <p>To explain complex concepts or ideas, such as health and illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Holistic Health Model focused on?

    <p>Emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, and physical aspects of wellness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nonmodifiable risk factor?

    <p>Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of chronic illness?

    <p>It lasts longer than 6 months and affects functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Health Belief Model focused on?

    <p>A person's ideas, convictions, and attitudes about health and illness only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Transtheoretical Model of Change?

    <p>A model for understanding the stages of change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs used for?

    <p>To understand the interrelationships of human needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of primary prevention?

    <p>To reduce the incidence of disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of internal variables influencing illness behavior?

    <p>Personality traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a health belief?

    <p>A person's ideas, convictions, and attitudes about health and illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential impact of illness on the patient?

    <p>Behavioral and emotional changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk factor?

    <p>An attribute that increases the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of secondary prevention?

    <p>To prevent the spread of disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of acute illness?

    <p>It has a short duration and is severe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the Health Promotion Model?

    <p>To improve health outcomes and quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of health risk appraisal forms?

    <p>To identify risk factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of external variables influencing illness behavior?

    <p>Cultural background</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Healthy People 2030's primary objective?

    <p>To promote a society in which all people live long, healthy lives, and identifies leading health indicators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a way to care for oneself?

    <p>Eat a nutritious diet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can influence health beliefs and practices?

    <p>Demographic factors, lifestyle, and cultural background</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a modifiable risk factor?

    <p>Lifestyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of health promotion?

    <p>To help individuals maintain or enhance their present health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential impact of illness on the family?

    <p>Changes in family dynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is involved in illness behavior?

    <p>How people monitor their bodies and define symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of functioning that can be impaired due to illness?

    <p>Physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another way to care for oneself?

    <p>Engage in exercise and relaxation activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Healthy People

    • Provides evidence-based, 10-year national objectives for promoting health and preventing disease
    • Healthy People 2030 promotes a society in which all people live long, healthy lives
    • Identifies leading health indicators which are high-priority health issues in the United States

    Definition of Health

    • A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 1947, 2018)
    • A state of being that people define in relation to their own values, personality, and lifestyle

    Models of Health and Illness

    • Models help explain complex concepts or ideas, such as health and illness
    • Health beliefs are a person's ideas, convictions, and attitudes about health and illness
    • Can influence health positively or negatively
    • Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is used to understand the interrelationships of human needs
    • Holistic Health Model considers emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, and physical aspects of wellness

    Variables Influencing Health and Health Beliefs and Practices

    • Internal variables: developmental stage, intellectual background, perception of functioning, emotional factors, spiritual factors
    • External variables: family role and practices, social determinants of health, culture

    Health Promotion, Wellness, and Illness Prevention

    • Health promotion helps individuals maintain or enhance their present health
    • Health education helps people develop a greater understanding of their health and how to better manage their health risks
    • Illness prevention protects people from actual or potential threats to health

    Three Levels of Prevention

    • Primary prevention reduces the incidence of disease
    • Secondary prevention focuses on preventing the spread of disease, illness, or infection once it occurs
    • Tertiary prevention occurs when a defect or disability is permanent or irreversible

    Risk Factors

    • Any attribute, quality, environmental situation, or trait that increases the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident
    • Risk factors include nonmodifiable risk factors, modifiable risk factors, and environment

    Risk Factor Identification and Changing Health Behaviors

    • Identify risk factors through assessment and health risk appraisal forms
    • Implement education and counseling, wellness strategies, and understand the stages of change using the Transtheoretical Model of Change

    Illness

    • A state in which a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
    • Acute illness has a short duration and is severe
    • Chronic illness lasts longer than 6 months and affects functioning
    • Illness behavior involves how people monitor their bodies and define and interpret their symptoms
    • Variables influencing illness and illness behavior include internal variables and external variables

    Impact of Illness

    • Behavioral and emotional changes
    • Impact on body image
    • Impact on self-concept
    • Impact on family roles
    • Impact on family dynamics

    Caring for Yourself

    • Eat a nutritious diet
    • Get adequate sleep
    • Engage in exercise and relaxation activities
    • Establish a good work-family balance
    • Engage in regular nonwork activities

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    Description

    This quiz assesses understanding of health and wellness concepts, including Healthy People 2030, a national initiative promoting health and preventing disease. It covers the objectives and goals of Healthy People 2030.

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