Inflammation, Infection, and Antibiotics practice test
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Questions and Answers

A nurse assesses a patient with cellulitis who presents with warm, red, and swollen skin on the lower leg. Which assessment finding indicates the cellulitis may be progressing to a systemic infection?

  • Increased localized pain
  • Purulent drainage at the site
  • Fever of 38.5°C, lethargy, and increased pulse rate (correct)
  • Increased redness and warmth at the site of infection
  • A patient presents with signs of inflammation after a minor injury. Which phase of the inflammatory response involves the release of histamines, leading to increased vascular permeability?

  • Reparative phase
  • Vascular and cellular response (correct)
  • Exudate formation
  • Phagocytosis phase
  • Which of the following nutritional components should the nurse prioritize in teaching for a patient with chronic inflammation to support healing and reduce inflammation?

  • High glycemic index foods for energy
  • Saturated fats to provide essential nutrients
  • Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants (correct)
  • Processed carbohydrates for immune support
  • The nurse is educating an older adult with fever on the risks associated with hyperthermia. Which factor makes older adults particularly vulnerable to complications from fever?

    <p>Decreased subcutaneous tissue and impaired sweat gland function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient diagnosed with cellulitis is prescribed antibiotics. After three days of treatment, which of the following assessments would indicate that the antibiotics are effective?

    <p>Reduction in swelling, pain, and localized warmth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is teaching a patient with a wound about infection prevention. Which of the following instructions is most critical for the patient to prevent wound infection?

    <p>Wash hands before touching the wound and follow prescribed wound care.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for an older adult patient who has difficulty understanding new instructions due to mild cognitive impairment. What is the best approach to enhance communication and understanding?

    <p>Sit at eye level, use clear language, and ensure adequate lighting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is teaching a group of older adults about maintaining cognitive health. Which of the following statements by a participant reflects a stereotype about older adults?

    <p>“Most people my age can’t learn new skills, so I won’t even try.”</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An older adult patient is undergoing genetic testing for personalized healthcare. Which of the following best describes the primary goal of this approach?

    <p>To enhance health outcomes through targeted interventions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse observes a colleague educating an older adult patient. Which statement indicates the colleague might hold a bias against older adults?

    <p>“I should explain this to your family since you might forget.”</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During a health promotion session, an older adult asks the nurse how to stay healthy as they age. Which of the following recommendations is most appropriate?

    <p>“Maintain a balanced diet, engage in regular physical activity, and stay socially active.”</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient receiving vancomycin develops redness on their neck and chest shortly after starting an IV infusion. What is the nurse's priority action?

    <p>Discontinue the infusion immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is educating a patient about tetracyclines. Which statement indicates the patient requires further teaching?

    <p>&quot;I will continue taking the medication even if I experience diarrhea.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following patients is at highest risk for developing a suprainfection while on antibiotics?

    <p>A patient on a broad-spectrum antibiotic for a urinary tract infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient with a urinary tract infection is prescribed ciprofloxacin (Cipro). What potential side effect should the nurse prioritize when teaching the patient?

    <p>Risk of tendon rupture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is reviewing the chart of a patient with a history of penicillin allergy. Which antibiotic prescription should the nurse question?

    <p>Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (Augmentin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient is prescribed metronidazole (Flagyl) for C. difficile infection. What is the most important patient teaching point for this medication?

    <p>&quot;Avoid consuming alcohol during and for 48 hours after completing the medication.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is monitoring a patient receiving aminoglycosides. Which findings should prompt the nurse to notify the healthcare provider?

    <p>Hearing loss and elevated BUN levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is administering vancomycin IV to a patient with MRSA. Which nursing action is most important to prevent complications associated with this medication?

    <p>Infuse the medication over 60–90 minutes to prevent Red Man Syndrome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient on sulfonamides for a urinary tract infection develops a rash on their hands and mucous membranes. What is the nurse’s priority action?

    <p>Discontinue the medication and notify the healthcare provider immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is preparing to administer cephalosporins to a patient with a known history of penicillin allergy. What is the best nursing action?

    <p>Confirm the patient’s reaction to penicillin and notify the provider if it was anaphylaxis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    . A patient prescribed tetracycline is receiving education about the medication. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

    <p>&quot;I will take an antacid to prevent stomach upset.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient receiving gentamicin is being monitored for adverse effects. Which findings should the nurse report immediately?

    <p>Hearing loss and elevated BUN levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is teaching a patient about the use of metronidazole (Flagyl) for a C. difficile infection. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?

    <p>&quot;I need to wash my hands with soap and water after using the bathroom.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient taking ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection reports heel pain. What is the nurse’s priority action?

    <p>Stop the medication and notify the healthcare provider immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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