Nursing Assessment: Lower Extremities and Pulses
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Questions and Answers

What is the significance of the S3 heart sound?

  • Normal in children and younger adults
  • Indicates CAD, LVH, or aortic stenosis
  • May indicate left ventricular failure or mitral valve regurgitation (correct)
  • Caused by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves

    • What do the S1 and S2 heart sounds represent?

  • S1 - ventricles contract; S2 - ventricles relax (correct)
  • S1 - lub; S2 - dub
  • S1 - aortic and pulmonic valve closure; S2 - mitral and tricuspid valve closure
  • S1 - diastole phase; S2 - systole phase

    • Which finding may indicate abnormal perfusion?

  • Palpable carotid arteries
  • Absence of cyanosis
  • Displaced Point of Maximal Impulse (PMI)
  • Bounding Abdominal Pulse (correct)

    • What is the significance of having a displaced Point of Maximal Impulse (PMI)?

    <p>May suggest abnormally high pressure in the right side of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a systolic blood pressure increase often correlate with?

    <p>Decreased cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient experiences reduced activity tolerance, what could be a likely consequence?

    <p>Heart rate returning to resting rate much slower after activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase of the cardiac cycle does S4 occur?

    <p>Overly compliant to filling in early diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the aortic and pulmonic valves in the heart sounds?

    <p>S1: Closure of mitral and tricuspid valves; S2: Closure of aortic &amp; pulmonic valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

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