Nursing Assessment Techniques for Lower Extremities
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Questions and Answers

What is the most common cause of death in the United States?

  • Cardiovascular diseases (correct)
  • Cancer
  • Respiratory diseases
  • Diabetes

Which method is NOT utilized for the assessment of cardiovascular and peripheral systems?

  • Auscultation
  • MRI scanning (correct)
  • Palpation
  • Observation

What should be included in a nursing history when assessing cardiovascular symptoms?

  • Past medical history (correct)
  • Dietary preferences
  • Preferred vacation destination
  • Favorite color

Which of the following is an important question to ask regarding cardiovascular symptoms?

<p>How much does the symptom bother you? (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a relevant question to assess lifestyle impact of cardiovascular symptoms?

<p>How does it affect your lifestyle? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of skin changes are examples of peripheral vascular system issues?

<p>Edema (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an important question when assessing symptom triggers?

<p>'Does any particular incident trigger the symptom?' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when asking about symptom alleviation methods?

<p>'What activities alleviate the symptoms?' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which grading indicates a full/bounding pulse?

<p>3+ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does non-pitting edema feel like when touched?

<p>Hard to touch with indentation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is mild pitting edema (1+) characterized?

<p>Slight pitting with slight indentation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does pallor while a limb is elevated followed by a dusky red color when lowered indicate?

<p>Arterial insufficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the capillary refill test, what does it indicate if normal color doesn't return in 3 seconds?

<p>Peripheral insufficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major risk factor for heart disease and stroke among the listed choices?

<p>High blood pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which population group has a higher incidence of hypertension compared to Caucasians?

<p>African Americans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans &amp; Latinos (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a bounding pulse indicate?

<p>Normal pulse rate and rhythm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group has three times the risk of developing diabetes compared to non-Hispanic Caucasians in the U.S.?

<p>Latinos (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of proximal arteries in individuals at risk of diabetes?

<p>Thinner and dilate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended approach to reduce the risk of diabetes?

<p>Balanced diet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for healthcare providers to inspect the oral mucosa during an assessment?

<p>To detect changes like redness or swelling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse advise a client to do before an abdominal assessment?

<p>Void before the assessment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of purple striae on the skin indicate?

<p>Distention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might asymmetric contour in the abdomen suggest?

<p>Hernia or tumor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a physical assessment, what is the recommended order of inspection technique?

<p>Cephalocaudal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic used to identify postural (orthostatic) hypotension?

<p>Decrease in systolic BP by 20 mmHg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of assessing neck veins for pulsation and distension?

<p>To assess for jugular vein distension (JVD) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should the auscultation start during the examination of the heart?

<p>Base of the heart (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of identifying a 'displaced Point of Maximal Impulse (PMI)' during a cardiac assessment?

<p>May indicate left ventricular failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of the cardiac cycle is associated with the 1st sound (S1) heard during auscultation?

<p><strong>Systole</strong> (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of identifying an S3 sound during a cardiac examination?

<p><strong>Indicates left ventricular failure</strong> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign of liver disease that can be observed during a physical examination?

<p>Visible peristalsis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a loud bruit during abdominal auscultation suggest?

<p>Hyperactive bowel sounds (&gt;35 per minute) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of individuals with high lactose intolerance?

<p>Slower peristalsis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reflex is initiated by food entering the stomach and duodenum to facilitate bowel elimination?

<p>Gastrocolic reflex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of individuals with muscle wasting and loss of fibroconnective tissue?

<p>Higher pain threshold (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group has a high incidence of colon cancer?

<p>African Americans, Native Americans, Asians, and Mediterranean groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does tenderness near the xiphoid process, over cecum, and over sigmoid colon suggest during palpation?

<p>Tenderness and hypersensitivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of individuals with high fiber diets?

<p>Teaching effects of duodenocolic reflexes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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