Nursing Administration of Medications from Vials
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of swabbing the rubber top with an antimicrobial swab before accessing a vial?

  • To facilitate the injection process
  • To ensure the air inside the vial is sterile
  • To prevent the medication from clumping
  • To remove surface bacteria contamination (correct)
  • Why is it necessary to draw back an amount of air equal to the specific dose of medication before withdrawing from a vial?

  • To prevent contamination from the outside
  • To facilitate easier withdrawal of medication (correct)
  • To sterilize the needle
  • To create a pressure difference in the vial
  • What could happen if air is injected into the solution of the vial?

  • It could lead to faster medication withdrawal
  • It could cause withdrawal of an inaccurate amount of medication (correct)
  • It can solidify the medication
  • It can contaminate the medication
  • When preparing medication, what is the correct technique to remove the cap from the needle?

    <p>Pulling it straight off</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for using a filter needle when withdrawing medication from multidose vials?

    <p>To prevent solid material from being withdrawn through the needle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after inserting the needle tip into the vial?

    <p>Invert the vial to draw medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the metal cap on a vial?

    <p>To protect the medication from contamination during storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about single-dose vials is true?

    <p>They are designed for one-time use and should be discarded afterward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it advised to handle the plunger only at the knob when drawing medication?

    <p>To avoid contamination of the medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done before each entry into a multidose vial?

    <p>Clean the top of the vial with an antimicrobial swab.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason for comparing the medication label with the CMAR/MAR?

    <p>To confirm the correct medication is selected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is primarily responsible for preparing medication from a vial?

    <p>Licensed practical/vocational nurses (LPN/LVNs), if delegated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be verified before administering medication from a vial?

    <p>The patient's name, dose, and route.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following should be done to powdered medication before administration?

    <p>Dissolve it in an appropriate diluent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration in delegating tasks related to medication administration?

    <p>The qualifications of the person to whom the task is being delegated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of equipment is typically required for medication administration from a vial?

    <p>Sterile syringe and needle or blunt cannula.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for gathering equipment before medication administration?

    <p>To ensure all necessary supplies are available before starting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to compare the medication order against the original order in the medical record?

    <p>To identify potential errors during transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse do if there is a discrepancy between the medication order and the medical record?

    <p>Clarify the inconsistencies with the primary care provider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does knowledge of actions and adverse effects of medications benefit the nurse?

    <p>It helps in evaluating therapeutic effects and educating the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of performing hand hygiene before medication administration?

    <p>It prevents the spread of microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to lock the medication cart when not in use?

    <p>To prevent unauthorized access and ensure patient safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should be taken to ensure authorized access to the medication cart?

    <p>Enter a specific pass code and scan employee identification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of knowing safe dose ranges for medications?

    <p>To avoid legal issues related to overdosing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of keeping the tip of the needle or blunt cannula above the fluid level?

    <p>To prevent air from being aspirated into the syringe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to hold the syringe at eye level when drawing medication?

    <p>To allow for better visibility and accurate reading.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if air bubbles accumulate in the syringe after drawing medication?

    <p>Tap the syringe to move the air bubbles to the top.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a filter needle in the procedure described?

    <p>To prevent solid materials from entering the patient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should the needle be recapped after withdrawing medication?

    <p>To prevent accidental needlesticks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is recommended to maintain sterility while handling the plunger?

    <p>Only hold the plunger at the knob.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be required if a filter needle was used for medication withdrawal?

    <p>Change the needle before administration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason to remove air bubbles from the syringe?

    <p>To ensure an accurate dose of medication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ensuring the tip of the needle is free from medication residue?

    <p>To reduce pain intensity associated with the injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to check the amount of medication in the syringe?

    <p>To ensure the correct dose is withdrawn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the third check of medication typically involve?

    <p>Rechecking the labels with the CMAR/MAR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done with a multidose vial after it is opened?

    <p>Label it with the date and time opened</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why must the medication cart or drawer be locked before leaving it?

    <p>To safeguard the patient’s medication supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the benefits of performing hand hygiene during medication preparation?

    <p>It deters the spread of microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is medication typically withdrawn into the syringe?

    <p>In a sterile manner to prevent contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is it necessary to document the removal of medication from the ampule?

    <p>No, it's not necessary if the medication is administered promptly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vials and Medication

    • Vials are glass bottles with self-sealing stoppers used to store medications.
    • Single-dose vials are used once and discarded, regardless of the amount of medication used.
    • Multidose vials contain several doses and can be used multiple times; however, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends assigning them to a single patient whenever possible.
    • Vials can contain liquid or powder forms of medication.
    • Powdered forms must be dissolved in a diluent before administration.

    Administering Medication from a Vial

    • Nurses must assess the vial for discoloration or particles and check the expiration date before administering medication.
    • The nurse must verify the patient's name, dose, route, and time of administration.
    • They must also assess the appropriateness of the medication for the patient and review assessment data.

    Nursing Considerations

    • Preparing medication from a vial is not delegated to nursing assistive personnel (NAP) or unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP).
    • It may be delegated to licensed practical/vocational nurses (LPN/LVNs), depending on state laws, organizational policies, and the patient's needs.

    Steps for Administering Medication from a Vial

    • Gather equipment, which includes a sterile syringe and needle, a vial of medication, an antimicrobial swab, and a computer-generated Medication Administration Record (CMAR) or Medication Administration Record (MAR).
    • Wash hands.
    • Read the CMAR/MAR and select the proper medication.
    • Compare the medication label with the CMAR/MAR. Check expiration dates and perform calculations if necessary.
    • Remove the metal or plastic cap that covers the stopper.
    • Swab the rubber stopper with an antimicrobial swab and allow it to dry.
    • Remove the cap from the needle.
    • Draw back an amount of air into the syringe equal to the specific dose of medication, injecting it into the vial but not into the solution.
    • Invert the vial and hold the needle below the fluid level.
    • Withdraw the medication while holding the syringe vertically and at eye level.
    • Remove any air bubbles from the syringe.
    • After withdrawing the correct dose, remove the needle from the vial and replace the cap.
    • Check the syringe for the amount of medication and discard any surplus.
    • Perform hand hygiene after completing the process.

    Documentation

    • It is not necessary to record the removal of the medication from the vial.

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on the essential practices for administering medications from vials, including preparation and nursing considerations. It highlights the differences between single-dose and multidose vials and emphasizes safety precautions nurses must take before administration. Test your knowledge on the proper procedures and best practices.

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