Nursing 2nd Semester: Common Medical Emergencies

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of Aspirin?

To stop the production of certain natural substances that cause fever, pain, and swelling (correct)

To puncture the skin

To apply adhesive tapes

To stop bleeding

What is a hypodermic needle used for?

To apply adhesive tapes

To check for blisters

To treat severe bleeding

To enter the skin (correct)

What is the purpose of adhesive tapes?

To bond or join objects together (correct)

To sterilize the skin

To stop bleeding

To treat severe burns

What is a blister?

A small pocket of fluid in the upper skin layers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'immobilize' mean?

To stop someone from moving (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sterilize' mean?

To make something clean and free from bacteria (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of swabbing?

To clean or wipe the skin (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do you treat a patient with a blister?

By applying a clean swab (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when someone is bleeding?

Stop the person from moving (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should you do with severe large burns?

Keep the person still (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to clean the injured area?

Swab with iodine or rubbing alcohol (C) Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to prevent infection?

Apply antibiotic ointment (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should you check for after the bleeding has stopped?

Signs of circulation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to treat shock?

Treat the person for shock (C) Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to an injured person?

Keep the injured person lying down (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to the injured body part?

Immobilize it (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a seizure?

A sudden and uncontrolled burst of electrical activity in the brain (B) Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do to reduce the risk of choking during a seizure?

Turn the patient to their side (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do if a patient is standing or sitting while experiencing a seizure?

Move the patient gently to the floor (C) Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do to support a patient's head during a seizure?

Use a pillow to reduce the risk of head injury (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is cardiac arrest?

When the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops pumping (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in providing CPR?

Starting CPR with hard and fast chest compressions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do when a patient is unconscious?

Call for emergency assistance (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of CPR?

To treat cardiac arrest (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the ways to maintain a patient's skin integrity?

Incontinence care (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using a bandage?

To provide support for the movement of a part of the body (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of disposable gloves in first aid?

To protect the first-aid provider from exposure to bodily fluids (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is morphine used to treat?

Severe pain (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the common medical emergencies?

Stroke (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an eyewash in a first aid box?

For first-aid treatment of the eyes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of antiseptic sprays or wipes in a first aid box?

To clean and disinfect wounds (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the ways to maintain a patient's airway?

Not specified in the content (A) Signup and view all the answers

When telling someone what to do, what is the correct form of the imperative?

Infinitive (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is added to the imperative to tell someone what not to do?

Do not (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is used to ask for instructions?

Shall (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was Clive Lawrence's occupation?

British taxi driver (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was Asha Gemechu's situation when she called for a taxi?

Her contractions had started (D) Signup and view all the answers

What did the midwife at the hospital instruct Clive to do during the birth?

Support the baby's head and guide it out (B) Signup and view all the answers

What did Clive do after the baby was born?

He cleaned the baby's nose and mouth (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the baby in the story?

Mohammed Clive (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Common Medical Emergencies

A seizure is a sudden, uncontrolled burst of electrical activity in the brain.
Interventions for seizure activity:
Turn the patient to the side to reduce the risk of choking.
Loosen clothing from the neck, chest, or abdominal areas.
If the patient is standing or sitting, move them gently to the floor.
Move furniture to provide adequate space for the patient.
Support their head with a pillow to reduce the risk of head injury.
Provide supplemental oxygen if the patient is struggling to breathe.
Administer drug therapy (usually benzodiazepines) to control seizures.

Cardiac Arrest

Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops pumping.
What to do in case of cardiac arrest:
Give the patient CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation).
CPR is a lifesaving technique useful in many emergencies where someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped.

Care of Unconscious Patient

What to do when a patient is unconscious:
Maintain the patient's airway.
Protect the patient from falling off the bed.
Maintain fluid balance and manage nutritional needs.
Maintain skin integrity.
Prevent urinary retention.
Incontinence care.
Provide sensory stimulation.

First Aid Box

Items in a first aid box:
Plasters: to cover minor wounds.
Eyewash: for first-aid treatment.
Bandages: to cover and protect wounds from infection.
Antiseptic sprays or wipes: to clean and disinfect wounds.
Dressings: to help stop bleeding and protect wounds.
Pain relief medication: to help relieve pain or discomfort.
Burn relief cream: to help soothe the pain of burned skin.
Scissors and tweezers: to cut dressings or remove splinters from the skin.
First-aid creams: to help speed up the healing process.
Disposable gloves: to protect first-aid providers from exposure to bodily fluids.

Vocabulary

Disposable gloves: gloves used one time and then thrown away.
Bandage: a piece of material used to support a medical device or provide support for the movement of a part of the body.
Morphine: an opioid oral solution (liquid) medicine prescribed for severe pain.
Aspirin: a medication that stops the production of certain natural substances that cause fever, pain, swelling, and blood clots.
Hypodermic needles: a very thin, hollow tube with one sharp tip used to enter the skin.
Adhesive tapes: a combination of a material and an adhesive film used to bond or join objects together.

Vocabulary Exercise

Treatments for blisters:
Sterilize a clean sharp needle with alcohol.
Make sure there is no glass or other foreign body in the wound.
Use the needle to puncture the blister.
Don't remove burnt clothing.
Squeeze the blister to remove fluid.
Keep the injured person lying down.
Immobilize the injured body part once the bleeding has stopped.
Treat the injured person for shock.

Grammar

The imperative is used to tell someone what to do or not to do.
Positive: (infinitive) Ex: Check for signs of circulation.
Negative: (Do not (Don't) + infinitive) Ex: Don't remove burnt clothing.

Reading

A British taxi driver, Clive Lawrence, helped a passenger give birth to a baby in the back of his taxi.
The mother, Asha Gemechu, was on her way to the hospital when she realized the baby was coming too fast.
Clive Lawrence followed the instructions of a nurse over the taxi radio and helped deliver the baby.
The mother and baby are both doing well, and the baby is named Mohammed Clive.

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Description

This quiz covers common medical emergencies, including seizures, and how to respond in emergency situations.