Podcast
Questions and Answers
What percentage of an officer's time is related to crime according to a St. Louis Police Department study?
What percentage of an officer's time is related to crime according to a St. Louis Police Department study?
What should an officer do while responding to every call?
What should an officer do while responding to every call?
What type of crimes are considered high-risk calls?
What type of crimes are considered high-risk calls?
What should an officer do when approaching a call?
What should an officer do when approaching a call?
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What is an important aspect of officer safety?
What is an important aspect of officer safety?
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What should an officer do when receiving a call?
What should an officer do when receiving a call?
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What is an important aspect of coordinating the initial response?
What is an important aspect of coordinating the initial response?
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What type of calls require the same basic functions and priorities in responding?
What type of calls require the same basic functions and priorities in responding?
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What is an important aspect of knowledge of patrol area?
What is an important aspect of knowledge of patrol area?
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What is an important aspect of responding to 'crimes in progress' calls?
What is an important aspect of responding to 'crimes in progress' calls?
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What should you avoid when approaching a scene?
What should you avoid when approaching a scene?
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Why should you turn off your emergency lights and siren before arriving at the scene?
Why should you turn off your emergency lights and siren before arriving at the scene?
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What should you do when parking your patrol car at a scene?
What should you do when parking your patrol car at a scene?
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What should you do when approaching a disturbance on foot?
What should you do when approaching a disturbance on foot?
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What should you provide to assisting officers responding to a scene?
What should you provide to assisting officers responding to a scene?
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What should you do when approaching a suspect's location?
What should you do when approaching a suspect's location?
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What should you consider when moving in on foot?
What should you consider when moving in on foot?
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What should you do when knocking on a door?
What should you do when knocking on a door?
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What should you do when dealing with a barricaded subject?
What should you do when dealing with a barricaded subject?
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What should you avoid when driving to a scene?
What should you avoid when driving to a scene?
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What is the primary focus of this section of the lesson plan?
What is the primary focus of this section of the lesson plan?
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What is the recommended approach to a building to be searched?
What is the recommended approach to a building to be searched?
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Why should a building search not be conducted by a lone officer?
Why should a building search not be conducted by a lone officer?
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What is the purpose of 'containment' in building searches?
What is the purpose of 'containment' in building searches?
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What is the 'quick peek' method used for?
What is the 'quick peek' method used for?
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What is the difference between a barricaded subject and an imminent danger situation?
What is the difference between a barricaded subject and an imminent danger situation?
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What is the primary reason for having an approach plan when conducting a building search?
What is the primary reason for having an approach plan when conducting a building search?
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What is the 'slicing the pie' technique used for?
What is the 'slicing the pie' technique used for?
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What is a key consideration for officers when approaching a building to be searched?
What is a key consideration for officers when approaching a building to be searched?
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What is the 'fatal funnel' phenomenon?
What is the 'fatal funnel' phenomenon?
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Why is it important for officers to stay close to their search partner during a building search?
Why is it important for officers to stay close to their search partner during a building search?
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What should officers do when executing their approach to a building to be searched?
What should officers do when executing their approach to a building to be searched?
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What is the primary difference between a barricaded suspect and an imminent danger situation?
What is the primary difference between a barricaded suspect and an imminent danger situation?
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What is the correct procedure for responding to a barricade situation?
What is the correct procedure for responding to a barricade situation?
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What is the hierarchy of protection for officers?
What is the hierarchy of protection for officers?
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What is the purpose of using the 'diagonal' method when entering a building?
What is the purpose of using the 'diagonal' method when entering a building?
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Why is it important for officers to pause and listen during a building search?
Why is it important for officers to pause and listen during a building search?
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What should officers do with their portable radios during a building search?
What should officers do with their portable radios during a building search?
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What is the main concern when conducting patrols in low-light conditions?
What is the main concern when conducting patrols in low-light conditions?
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Why should an officer avoid using artificial light during night patrol?
Why should an officer avoid using artificial light during night patrol?
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What is the purpose of holding a flashlight above the head when entering a darkened building?
What is the purpose of holding a flashlight above the head when entering a darkened building?
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What is the 'flash and move' technique used for?
What is the 'flash and move' technique used for?
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Why should an officer use a spotlight during a traffic stop?
Why should an officer use a spotlight during a traffic stop?
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What is the primary purpose of using a flashlight during night patrol?
What is the primary purpose of using a flashlight during night patrol?
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What should an officer do when approaching a darkened room?
What should an officer do when approaching a darkened room?
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Why is it essential to turn off unnecessary lights when approaching a scene?
Why is it essential to turn off unnecessary lights when approaching a scene?
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What is the initial step in responding to a suspect in a building?
What is the initial step in responding to a suspect in a building?
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What should be done if you confront the suspect during your approach?
What should be done if you confront the suspect during your approach?
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Why should you avoid searching a building alone?
Why should you avoid searching a building alone?
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What does containment of the suspect(s) mean?
What does containment of the suspect(s) mean?
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Why is it important to have a communication system when searching a building?
Why is it important to have a communication system when searching a building?
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What is the primary advantage of the suspect inside the building?
What is the primary advantage of the suspect inside the building?
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What should you do before entering a building to search for a suspect?
What should you do before entering a building to search for a suspect?
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What should you check for during your approach to the building?
What should you check for during your approach to the building?
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What is the primary hazard an officer faces when searching a building for a suspect?
What is the primary hazard an officer faces when searching a building for a suspect?
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What is the primary purpose of using the 'wrap-around' technique?
What is the primary purpose of using the 'wrap-around' technique?
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What is the 'quick peek' method used for?
What is the 'quick peek' method used for?
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What is the recommended power level for a flashlight used in building searches?
What is the recommended power level for a flashlight used in building searches?
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What is the purpose of using a rope in building searches?
What is the purpose of using a rope in building searches?
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What is the purpose of using door wedges in building searches?
What is the purpose of using door wedges in building searches?
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What is the purpose of using a mirror in building searches?
What is the purpose of using a mirror in building searches?
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What is the purpose of using masking tape in building searches?
What is the purpose of using masking tape in building searches?
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What is the 'cover-and-movement' tactic used for?
What is the 'cover-and-movement' tactic used for?
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Why should officers use a flashlight in a darkened room?
Why should officers use a flashlight in a darkened room?
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What is the 'slicing the pie' technique used for?
What is the 'slicing the pie' technique used for?
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Study Notes
Emergency Response and Building Searches
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Objectives of responding to emergency calls or crimes-in-progress:
- Identify types of crimes-in-progress (e.g. robbery, burglary, assault)
- Follow procedures for responding to crimes-in-progress (e.g. obtaining information, geographical location, emergency driving, approach)
- Identify why a building search should not be conducted by a lone officer
- Understand containment and approach plan prior to building search
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Types of crimes-in-progress:
- Robbery-in-progress
- Burglary-in-progress
- Assault-in-progress (including sexual assault)
- Larceny-in-progress
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Responding to criminal calls:
- Prioritize responses based on risk level (high risk, low risk)
- Perform basic functions (e.g. obtaining information, coordinating response, developing a plan)
- Know geographical location and identify potential suspects and escape routes
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Approaching a scene:
- Avoid using emergency lights and siren
- Turn down radio volume
- Round corners without squealing tires
- Turn off headlights and ease car door shut upon arrival
- Notify communications upon arrival
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Searching a building:
- Never search a building alone
- Establish a perimeter with two or more officers
- Identify potential problem areas and areas of responsibility
- Contain the suspect(s) and prevent escape
- Develop an approach plan and communicate with other officers
- Use cover and concealment
- Be aware of possible ambush locations
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Containment:
- Cover all exit locations of the building
- Prevent escape of suspect(s)
- Use safe distance and cover and concealment
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Warning signs to check for when approaching a building:
- Quick visual observations
- Odors of narcotics or chemicals
- Noises of suspects
- Doors ajar or closed
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Difference between barricaded subject and imminent danger situation:
- Barricaded subject: non-compliant, possibly armed, and static
- Imminent danger situation: suspect is causing harm or attempting to cause harm
- Procedures for each:
- Barricade situation: contain the structure and preserve safety
- Imminent danger situation: take immediate action to stop harm
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Hierarchy of protection:
- Victims
- Innocent bystanders
- Officers
- Suspects
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Methods for entering a building through an exposed doorway:
- Diagonal
- Wrap-around
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Tools used when searching a room or building:
- Flashlight
- Ropes
- Wedges
- Mirrors
- Quick peek method
- Slicing the pie technique### Utilizing Light Sources
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A high-intensity flashlight can be an effective stunning device and valuable search aid, especially in interior spaces with limited visibility during daylight hours.
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A low-powered light can aid an adversary, making it easier to target you.
Flashlight Tactics
- Hold the flashlight away from your body to avoid being targeted.
- Use your weak hand to hold the flashlight, with your strong hand free for your weapon.
- Use short periods of illumination to avoid being targeted.
- Consider carrying the flashlight from an elevated position.
Additional Tools for Search and Clear
- A short piece of rope can be used to open doors by looping it around doorknobs or tying doors open or closed.
- Door wedges can be used to keep doors ajar and alert you to danger if they have been disturbed.
- A small, hand-held mirror can help you see around corners without exposing your body to gunfire.
- Masking tape can be used to mark doors you have already checked, sealing them with a strip of tape across the opening crack.
Cover-and-Movement Tactics
- Use the "leap frog" tactic, where one officer moves at a time, while the other provides cover.
- Watch out for your partner and expect them to watch out for you.
Day vs. Night Patrol
- Identify how the presence or absence of light may affect your perception of objects or events.
- Limited or no light can affect your ability to accurately describe what you perceive.
Improper Use of Light
- Turn off unnecessary lights upon approaching a scene to avoid being silhouetted or revealing your location to a potential adversary.
- Artificial lighting can destroy your "night vision".
Flashlight Techniques
- Hold the flashlight above your head when entering a darkened building to avoid being targeted.
- Consider rolling the flashlight across the doorway to illuminate a darkened room before entering.
- Use the "flash and move" technique to eliminate suspects and trigger a response prior to leaving a position of cover.
Spotlight Techniques
- During traffic stops, train your patrol car spotlight on the driver's side view mirror as you approach to temporarily blind the violator.
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Description
Learn about procedures for responding to emergency calls and crimes-in-progress, including pre-entry preparations, tactical entry, search techniques, and the impact of lighting. This lesson plan is designed for law enforcement officers.