Podcast
Questions and Answers
The most important factor to consider when selecting the best site for a plant nursery is ______.
The most important factor to consider when selecting the best site for a plant nursery is ______.
Microclimate
When choosing a relatively flat area for a nursery, the recommended slope is ______.
When choosing a relatively flat area for a nursery, the recommended slope is ______.
0-1%
If the soil in the nursery area is too heavy or clayey, you should add ______.
If the soil in the nursery area is too heavy or clayey, you should add ______.
Sand
Weeds must be removed from the nursery as they compete with plants for ______.
Weeds must be removed from the nursery as they compete with plants for ______.
The disease caused by Pythium spp. and Rhizoctonia solani is known as ______.
The disease caused by Pythium spp. and Rhizoctonia solani is known as ______.
The recommended media for nursery material is ______.
The recommended media for nursery material is ______.
The best location for a nursery site is ______.
The best location for a nursery site is ______.
The process of exposing seedlings to harsh conditions to strengthen them is called ______.
The process of exposing seedlings to harsh conditions to strengthen them is called ______.
Hardening should be done for ______ before planting out.
Hardening should be done for ______ before planting out.
The purpose of root pruning is to control ______ system development beyond the container.
The purpose of root pruning is to control ______ system development beyond the container.
A common insect pest in the nursery that causes yellowing of leaves is ______.
A common insect pest in the nursery that causes yellowing of leaves is ______.
The fungal disease caused by Pythium spp. is known as ______.
The fungal disease caused by Pythium spp. is known as ______.
Seeds with high initial moisture content that lose viability rapidly are called ______ seeds.
Seeds with high initial moisture content that lose viability rapidly are called ______ seeds.
The first step in seed germination is ______ imbibition.
The first step in seed germination is ______ imbibition.
A common recommended item of personal protective equipment (PPE) for nursery work is a ______.
A common recommended item of personal protective equipment (PPE) for nursery work is a ______.
To reduce respiratory illnesses, potting mix should be kept ______ at all times.
To reduce respiratory illnesses, potting mix should be kept ______ at all times.
To protect workers from occupational risks and hazards is one of the duties of ______.
To protect workers from occupational risks and hazards is one of the duties of ______.
A recommended maximum slope for building stockpiles of materials is ______: 2:1 (horizontal to vertical).
A recommended maximum slope for building stockpiles of materials is ______: 2:1 (horizontal to vertical).
Vermiculite is a micaceous mineral that expands when ______.
Vermiculite is a micaceous mineral that expands when ______.
The final step of being a good listener is ______.
The final step of being a good listener is ______.
The process that converts ammonium into plant-nourishing nitrites and nitrates in composting is called ______.
The process that converts ammonium into plant-nourishing nitrites and nitrates in composting is called ______.
A compost pile should be watered approximately ______ a week.
A compost pile should be watered approximately ______ a week.
Leaf mold typically takes about ______ to be ready for use.
Leaf mold typically takes about ______ to be ready for use.
A common material NOT used in plant propagation media is ______.
A common material NOT used in plant propagation media is ______.
The role of ______ bacteria includes breaking down organic matter in compost.
The role of ______ bacteria includes breaking down organic matter in compost.
To ensure proper aeration in composting, it is important to ______ the compost mixture regularly.
To ensure proper aeration in composting, it is important to ______ the compost mixture regularly.
The addition of ______ can help speed up the decomposition process in compost.
The addition of ______ can help speed up the decomposition process in compost.
One type of bacteria used in composting is ______ bacteria, which aid in the decomposition process.
One type of bacteria used in composting is ______ bacteria, which aid in the decomposition process.
Composting requires the attention to ______ to maintain a balanced environment for decomposition.
Composting requires the attention to ______ to maintain a balanced environment for decomposition.
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Study Notes
Nursery Site Selection
- Water supply: A crucial factor for successful nursery operations.
- Slope: A gentle slope of 1-2% is recommended for drainage and irrigation.
- Soil type: Sandy loam or loamy soil is the most suitable for plant growth.
- Location: Avoid rugged terrain and areas prone to strong winds; proximity to the growing area is beneficial.
- Avoid: Hilltops and areas with limited access, as well as proximity to urban areas for pollution concerns.
Nursery Soil and Media
- Clayey soil: Mix sand and compost to improve drainage and aeration.
- Heavy or clayey soil: Incorporation of sand is necessary for drainage.
Nursery Plant Care
- Watering: Seedlings require more water than matured plants.
- Weeding: Consistently remove weeds to prevent competition for nutrients.
- Dead plants: Promptly remove and dispose of them (burn or bury) to prevent disease spread.
- Sorting and pruning: Weekly maintenance for potted and newly propagated seedlings is recommended.
- Hardening: A process of gradually exposing seedlings to harsher conditions (sun, wind, etc.) for 2-3 weeks before transplanting to enhance resilience.
- Root pruning: This regulates root system growth within containers, preventing root circling.
- Seed germination: The initial step involves water imbibition (absorption).
- Seed types: Recalcitrant seeds have high initial moisture content and require special handling.
- Scarification: Methods to break seed dormancy involve mechanical abrasion, chemical treatment, or hot water treatment.
Nursery Pests and Diseases
- Green leafhopper: A common insect pest that causes leaf yellowing.
- Damping off: A fungal disease caused by Pythium spp. and Rhizoctonia solani, prevalent in high-moisture conditions.
Nursery Equipment and Safety
- Tool checks: Regularly inspect all tools and equipment for functionality; identify and repair any defects to avoid accidents and inefficiency.
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Essential items include respirators, waterproof boots, and gloves.
- Potting mix: Maintaining a moist consistency is crucial to reduce the risk of respiratory illnesses.
- Occupational Safety and Health Standards (OSHS): Employers must prioritize worker safety, provide training, and comply with regulations.
Nursery Management and Operations
- Stock list: Essential for tracking available supplies and informing future stock acquisition.
- Composting: Breaking down organic matter to create a nutrient-rich soil amendment.
- Compost pile: A well-managed compost pile should be shoulder-high and turned regularly.
- Composting process: Aerobic bacteria play a crucial role in converting organic matter into valuable compost.
- Vermiculite: A mineral used in propagation media, particularly Grade 4 for seed germination.
- Leaf mold: Takes approximately 12-18 months to mature for use in soil amendments.
- Waste management: Proper disposal of nursery waste is essential to protect the environment; materials like broken glass and contaminated soil must be handled carefully.
- Material stockpiles: Building material stockpiles requires a maximum slope of 2:1 (horizontal to vertical) for stability.
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